The document discusses food adulteration in India. It defines food adulteration as reducing the quality of food through adding cheaper substances or removing vital elements. It then discusses various types and causes of food adulteration including intentional, incidental, and metallic adulteration for financial gain or unintentional reasons. Specific examples of adulteration in foods like milk, spices, tea, and meat are provided. Controlling food adulteration involves education, testing, and treatment. Standards set by organizations like Codex Alimentarius and Bureau of Indian Standards aim to protect consumers and facilitate trade.

1. A diseased,
malnourished
animal
Addition of
toxic
chemicals and
adulterants
money-minded
milk merchant

2. By- Syanthika Dutta

3. Food adulteration-
is defined as the process by which the quality of product
is reduced through addition of baser substances or removal
of a vital element, thereby affecting the natural composition
and the quality of food.

4. LEVELS OF FOOD
ADULTERATION
INTENTIONAL
ADULTERATION
INCIDENTAL
ADULTERATION
METALLIC
ADULTERATION
Financial
Gain
Chalk powder, talc, colour
Carelessness, Lack of
proper hygiene
Pesticides, Larvae
Mineral
contamination
Arsenic from pesticides

5.  Injurious to health.
 Cheaper or inferior substances are substituted wholly or in part.
 Any valuable or necessary constituent has been wholly or in a part abstracted.
 Imitation.
 Coloured or treatment to improve appearance.
 Has been prepared, packed or kept under insanitary conditions.
 If a whole/part of the food is rotten, decomposed or diseased animal or vegetable
substance infested with insecticide, unfit for consumption.
 If it has any poisonous or ingredient that makes it injurious.
 Any coloring matter other than the prescribed.
 If it contains any prohibited preservatives or any permitted preservatives beyond the
prescribed limits.

6. SUPPLY IS
MORE
THAN
DEMAND
LOWERING
THE COST
OF FOOD
PROFIT
LOW
AFFORDATION
LACK OF
TRAINED
MEN
OUTDATED
PROCESSING
TECHNIQUES
UNAWARE
OF
EFFECTS
INCREASE
THE
QUANTITY
CAUSES
OF
FOOD
ADULTERATION

7. 1 MIXING
FOOD FOREIGN
SUBSTANCE
ADULTERATED
FOOD
2 SUBSTITUTION
FOOD CHEAPER
SUBSTANCE
ADULTERATED
FOOD

8. 3 CONCEALING QUALITY
Attempt to hide the standard of food.
4 DECOMPOSED FOOD
ROTTEN APPLES
FRESH APPLES
ADDITION OF
TOXICANTS
COATING WITH
COLOURS

9. 5 MISBRANDING
GLUTEN FREE
WHEAT

10. 6 ADDITION OF TOXICANTS
ADDITION OF TOXICANTS LOW QUALITY FOOD PRESERVATIVES

11. CEREALS STONE CHIPS

12. PULSES
METANIL YELLOW
METANIL ORANGE OTHER ARTIFICIAL
COLOURS

13. BLACK PEPPER
CHILLI POWDER
TURMERIC POWDER YELLOW COLOUR, SAW DUST,
Lead chromate
BRICK POWDER, SAW DUST
DRIED SEEDS OF PAPAYA
ADULTERATION OF SPICES

14. o OLD TEA LEAVES
o HUSK
o SAW DUST
ADULTERATION OF TEA LEAVES
TEA LEAVES

15. o DATE HUSK
oTAMARIND HUSK
ADULTERATION OF COFFEE
COFFEE POWDER

16. o DALDA
o ANIMAL FAT
o STARCH
ADULTERATION OF BUTTER & GHEE
BUTTER
GHEE

17. DETERGENT
WATER
ADULTERATION OF MILK

18. DETERGENT
ADULTERATION OF MEAT

19. The stench of the rotten meat scandal began to spread shortly after April 20, when three men
were arrested in Budge Budge, about 28 kilometers outside Kolkata, suspected of transporting
carcasses from dump yards.
 Six days later, when the police raided an ice factory in Kolkata’s Rajabazar area, they
found over 18,000 kilograms of rotten meat , packaged and ready to be sold. It wasn’t clear from
what kind of animals the meat had been obtained.
 On April 27, a wholesale chicken outlet in Kolkata’s Newtown area was found to have five
freezers full of rotten meat, in addition to housing sick birds. Soon after, the owners of some
restaurants admitted to buying chicken from the offending seller, who is now on the run.
 On May 3, a team led by the Kolkata Municipal Corporation seized and destroyed 100
kilograms of rotten meat in Kolkata’s New Market area.
 The investigation led to the arrest on Thursday of Biswanath alias Bishu, the alleged kingpin
of the racket.
ROTTEN MEAT

20. ADULTERATION OF EGGS

21. Kolkata/Burdwan: The shell of an egg being boiled melting like plastic —
this kitchen horror led to a homemaker lodging a complain about plastic
eggs being sold across the city. On Friday the officials sent the eggs for
laboratory tests.
The trader was arrested from Karaya for selling these polymer eggs.
Though nothing indiscriminating was found, but the officials suspected
that the synthetic eggs were being pushed in the market by the gangs of
Andhra Pradesh

22. ADULTERATION OF FISH

23. The food safety department of Trichy seized 350 kg of formalin-laced fish
from Trichy’s corporation fish market at Kasivilangi. The officials also seized
300kg of fish with formalin which were on display.
Using the formalin test rapid kit they detected the presence of
formaldehyde which is used to prevent decaying of the fish flesh.

24. SUGAR
JAGGERY
ADULTERATION OF HONEY
HONEY

25.  It enhances better appearance in food.
 It increases the selling price of food.

26.  It lowers the nutritive value of food.
 The consumers pay more money for the inferior quality
of food.
 Injurious to health.
 Health hazards.
 Argemone oil in mustard oil causes epidemic dropsy, glaucoma and cardiac arrest
 mineral oil in edible oil leads to cancer.
 lead chromate in turmeric powder leads to anemia, abortion, paralysis, brain
damage.
 bacterial contamination- Bacillus cereus and Salmonella leads to food poisoning.

28.  International Food Standards
Codex Alimentarius commission is the principle organization of worldwide food standards
program set by the Food and Agricultural Organization (FAO) & WHO.
It includes standards of all categories of foods processed, semi processed or raw for
distribution to the consumer. It also covers factors like- materials used in food processing,
pesticide, residue, labelling and presentation methods of analysis and sampling.
Purpose-
 To present internationally accepted food standards in a uniform manner.
 To protect consumer’s health.
 To assist harmonization.
 To make international trade easy.

29.  Food standards in India
 Compulsory Standards-
The prevention of food adulteration act (PFA)-1995. It is also contains essential commodities in
1954 like- Fruits Products Order(FPO) regulated by Ministry of Food processing industries and
Meat Products Order (MPO)-1973 is regulated by Director of Marketing and Inspection.
 Voluntary Standards-
1. AGMARK-
Agriculture produce grading & marketing act 1937. The director of Marketing and
Inspection grades commodities as 1,2, 3, 4 meaning special, good, fair and ordinary. This
AGMARK label is an assurance quality thereby decreasing the disputes among buyers and
traders.
2. Bureau of Indian Standard(BIS)-
that is laid by Indian Standards Institute (ISI). It provides guarantee of their good quality
and ISI mark to assure the quality to consumers.

30. CONTROLLING FOOD ADULTERATION-
-Regular and periodic home visits and community visits to assess the food and food articles consumed.
-Assess the type of nutrition and food items consumed by the members of family.
-Assess the type of food that are cooked by the community.
HEALTH EDUCATION AND COMMUNITY TEACHING-
-Educating the common people about several adulterants used in food.
-Educating the common people about the several test to detect the adulteration used in food.
-Educating about the concept of misbranding and food faddism of food.
-Educating about the various nutritive value of food along with effects and benefits.
-Educating about the various appropriate cooking methods to preserve the nutritive value of food.
-To stress the importance of balanced diet and required calories appropriate for the certain age.
-To stress the importance the hygiene during food adulteration.
-To bring in awareness of several hazards to health caused by adulterants in food.

31. TREATMENT OF DISEASES AND DISORDERS OF HEALTH-
-Assess the severity of symptoms of health hazards.
-Advising the consultation of doctor for timely treatment.
-Assisting in with various household maintenance strategies for better health.
-For complicated cases, proper and prompt referral services should be given.
-Adherence to medications and maintenance strategies should be continued till further follow up.

32. FOOD ADULTERATION has been a social evil and works as a slow poison in curbing the health
status of community, thereby deteriorating the nutritional status of the country. With the aim of
profit making, the sellers subtract or remove the good quality of food which is termed as
adulteration and thus fall under fraudulent issue.
However , government has set several standards to assure the quality and reduction of disputes
that only becomes effective with the voluntary participation of community.
Focusing on the preventive strategies , creating awareness and participation of the community
and public is the urgent need of hour. With the collective effort of all health workers, we can
look forward to the years where the food adulteration will be diminished and wiped out soon.

33. Thankyou
 