urban mental health problems and reasons in India

1. URBAN MENTAL HEALTH IN INDIA
Submitted by
D.SAIKUMAR
PM/2016/404
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2. OUTLINE OF PRESENTATION
• INTRODUCTION
• STATISTICS
• ASPECTS OF MENTAL ILLNESS
• REASONS FOR DISTURBING SCENARIO
• TREATMENT GAPS AND IMPACTS
• CONCLUSION
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3.  MENTAL HEALTH
 “State of well being characterized by the absence of mental(or) behaviour disorder
where by the person has made a satisfactory adjustment as an individual and to the
community in relation to emotion ,personal ,spiritual aspects of life”
 URBANIZATION
 “ Increase in the number of cities and urban population, is not only a demographic
movement but also includes, social, economic and psychological changes that constitute
the demographic movement”
 Influences stressors
 Overcrowded & polluted environment
 high levels of violence
 reduced social support
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4.  Aspects of mental illness
 substance abuse
 alcohol use disorder
 tobacco use disorder
 depression
 anxiety
 phobia
 post traumatic disorder
 stress related illness
 neurotic disorder(dementia)
40
12%
12%
6%
5%
10%5%
percentage of urban
population
substance abuse
depression
anxiety
phobia
post traumatic
dsorder
stress related illness
neurotic disorder
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5. 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16
MANIPUR
MADHYAPRADESH
PUNJAB
WESTBENGAL
TAMILNADU
CHATTISGARH
KERALA
JHARKHAND
RAJASTHAN
GUJARAT
UTTARPRADESH
ASSAM
ANDHRAPRADESH
TELANGANA
percentage of urban population affected by mental
disorders in different states
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16
population has mental disorders
require immediate interventions
similar disorders
suffering from severe mental disorders
Percentage of urban population
 TREATMENT GAPS AND IMPACTS
 3 out of 4 persons experiencing severe mental disorders
 A part from Epilepsy-treatment gap for all mental disorders is more than 60%
 Economic burden of mental disorder is so huge that affected families to spend nearly 1000-1500 per month.
 Psychiatric disorders anxiety and depression are more prevalent in urban women than men
Data source-NIMHANS
Data source-NIMHANS
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6. Disturbing scenario could be due to
 Fast-paced life styles
 Cultural transformation
 Complexities of living
 A breakdown of support systems
 Family disintegration & alienation
 Challenges of economic stability
 Socio-economic stress
 Nuclear families
 Fringe population
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7.  Mental Health care
 Away from the community
 Dumping ground for the mentally ill
 Custodial rather than therapeutic
 Run by ‘wardens’ rather than ‘doctors’
 Later observations- Poor human rights record
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8. 8
SALIENT FEATURES OF THE MENTAL HEALTHCARE BILL,2017
 Decriminalizing attempt to commit suicide
 Bans use of electric shock therapy for treating children with mental illness
 Permits conditional use of shock therapy on adults, after being given anesthesia, muscle relaxants
 Emphasizes on ensuring no intrusion of rights and dignity of people with mental illness
 The government will set up a CMHA at the national level and a State Mental Health Authority in every state.
 Every mental health institute & mental health practitioners, clinical psychologists, mental health nurses
and psychiatric social workers will have to be registered with this Authority.
 A Mental Health Review Board will be constituted to protect the rights of persons with mental illness and
manage advance directives.

9. conclusion
• There is a need to create awareness about urban mental illness across all
sectors of the society
• Urbanization is thus seen as natural corollary of growth, awareness of its
impact on mental health will act as facilitator in growing I Indian economy.
• Medical health financial schemes must be streamlined
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