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Unit 5: Group Project in the
Construction Industry
Assignment 1- BSE Design Project:
Lighting
By Ryan Digings
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Table of Contents
Introduction:............................................................................................................................3
Task 1 – Design Brief:................................................................................................................3
1.1 - Health & Safety Requirements: .........................................................................................4
1.1.2 - Installation:................................................................................................................ 4
1.1.3 – Maintenance:............................................................................................................. 4
1.1.3 – Operation:................................................................................................................. 5
1.2 – Legislative Requirements:.................................................................................................5
1.3 – Building Form and Structure:............................................................................................5
1.4 – Spatial Arrangement:.......................................................................................................5
1.5 – Aesthetics:.......................................................................................................................6
1.6 – Energy Efficiency:.............................................................................................................6
Task 2 – Technical Design: ........................................................................................................7
2.1 – Lighting Calculations:.......................................................................................................7
2.1.1 – Example Calculation: ..................................................................................................8
2.2 - Spacing Formula:..............................................................................................................8
2.2.1 - Example Calculation:...................................................................................................9
2.3 – Running Cost Comparison:................................................................................................9
2.4 - Control Strategy: ............................................................................................................ 10
2.4.1 -Presence Detection:.................................................................................................... 10
2.4.2 – Absence Detection:................................................................................................... 10
2.4.3 – Daylight-Dimming:................................................................................................... 11
2.4.4 – Mains Controls:........................................................................................................ 11
2.4.5 – LiGO Control System:................................................................................................ 11
2.5 – Containment:................................................................................................................. 12
2.6 – Cable Sizing:................................................................................................................... 12
2.6.1 – Amtech:................................................................................................................... 13
2.7 – Loading and Balancing:.................................................................................................. 13
2.8 – Final Costing:................................................................................................................. 13
Conclusion:...............................................................................................................................14
Bibliography.............................................................................................................................15
Appendix ‘A’ – Spreadsheet Calculations:..............................................................................16
Lighting Calculations.............................................................................................................. 16
Labour Costing....................................................................................................................... 16
Appendix ‘B’ – Equipment Data/Information: .......................................................................17
Thorn Lighting Fitting Data & Photometry .............................................................................. 17
Ex-Or Control Data ................................................................................................................. 17
LiGO Brochure........................................................................................................................ 17
Appendix ‘C’ – Technical Information and Detailed Drawings:.............................................18
Scaled Layout Drawings.......................................................................................................... 18
Schematic Drawings............................................................................................................... 18
Distribution Schedules............................................................................................................ 18
Amtech Cable Size Calculation ................................................................................................ 18
Appendix ‘D’ – Detailed Costing .............................................................................................19
Detailed Final Account............................................................................................................ 19
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Introduction:
As part of a designteam,Ihave beenentrustedtofullydesignthe lightingscheme forthe business
unit.Duringthe feasibilitystudyitwasoutlinedthatanintelligentLEDsystemwouldbe utilisedin
the building,forthe mainreasonsthatitwouldbe far more energyefficientthanaconventional
systemandthat overtime the cost savingswouldeventuallypaybackthe additional costof installing
LED comfortably.Alsothe intelligentswitchingsystemmeansthatthe lightingshouldonlybe used
whenareasare occupied,andthe level of lightiscontrolledby‘daylight-dimming’;thusequatingto
furthersavings. Inorderchoose the correct solutionforlightingabuilding;the following
considerationsshouldbe made:
Comfort Controls
Quality Light Pollution
Décor Practicality
Cost Illuminance (lm)
Energy Efficiency Natural Daylight
(HNCCourse Notes,2014)
Task 1 – Design Brief:
(Please findLightingFittingDataSheetsAttached inAppendix‘B’)
LightingDesignChecklist:
o Objectives
o Constraints
o Specification
o General Planning
o Detailed Planning
(CIBSE,2002)
The firststepto designingthe lightinginthe
businessunitisto choose a suitable lighting
fitting,anduse the data providedtocalculate
the numberof fittingsrequiredineach
room/area. A Thorn Quattro LED lightingfitting
was chosenforthe majorityof thisprojectis
that incomparisonto othercompetitors,Thorn
fittingstendtohave a betterlumenoutput
(luminousflux) whichoverthe projectitwas
hopedthiswouldreduce the numberof fittings
requiredtoadequatelyprovide lightinthe
building.Also,Thorn’sLEDrange has a good
range of decorative fittingstoplease the aestheticalpreference of the client(ThornLighting,2014).
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1.1 - Health & Safety Requirements:
Before calculating,all healthandsafetyrequirementsshouldbe fullyconsideredinordertoprovide
a safe,well-litenvironmentforthe businessunit.In ordertoachieve this,adequate lightinglevels
shouldbe providedineachroom/areainaccordance withthe HSE Lightingat Work (HSE,1997), and
the Societyof Lightand Lightingpublications Office Lighting&Code for Lighting(CIBSE,2002)
(Societyof LightandLighting,2005). It is
importantthatall rooms/areasmeetthe
minimumHSErequirement,butasa designerit
isalso importanttoachieve clientsatisfaction;
so an illuminance of 500lux inall office areas
has beenthe designparameteratthe working
plane (deskheightof 800mmassumed).Whilst
achievingthese levelsisimportant,itisof equal
importance notto designaroom that will be
overlit;thiskeepsenergyefficiencyincheck,
and islesslikelytoimpairoperativesusingthe
room/area(SustainabilityWorkshop,2014).
Anotherimportantfactorto considerinhealthandsafetyisthe control strategy.Presence detection
isto be utilisedinthe majorityof the heavilyinhabitedareasinthe businessunit;thisisensuresthat
the operativesdon’thave toswitchanylightingonthemselves,andthe daylight-dimmingof the PIR
will setthe correctlux level ineachroom/areato allow safe occupation andsafe premisesfor
visitors(Eco-1,2014).
1.1.2- Installation:
Whenconsideringthe installationof the proposedsystem, the followinghealthandsafety
considerationswill be made:
o All the appropriate PPEwill be wornatall times
o Whenworkingat heights,asystemscaffoldwill be used
o Safe isolationprocedurewillbe followedatall times
o Before anycontractor beginswork,asite inductionalongwithahealthandsafetyexam
mustbe completed
o All installationworkisfullytestedtoensure the systemissafe tobe made live
1.1.3– Maintenance:
Whenconsideringthe maintenance of the proposedbuildingthe followinghealthandsafety
considerationswill be made:
o All designedworkhaskept future risktoa minimum
o The installationof all equipmentisatan easilymaintainable height,andspatially
appropriate tothe room it isinstalledin
o Plantroom to be locked,withaccessonlygainedbysigningthe keyandfillinginanaccess
applicationatreception
o Full DB scheduleswill be complete forease of future testing
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1.1.3– Operation:
Whenconsideringthe operationof the proposedbuilding,the followinghealthandsafety
considerationswill be made:
o All instructionwillbe outlinedtooperativespriortooccupancy
o All live componentsare lockedoff,andwarningsignsplace
o Simple control strategytoensure all areasare well litandfitforpurpose
1.2 – Legislative Requirements:
At the requestof the client,thisprojectwillbe designedtothe minimumstandardthatformsthe
buildingregulations;the subjectof energyuse isalsocoveredinthe BuildingRegulationsPartL.
There are twoapproveddocumentswhichhave beeninforce fromApril 2002, theyare:
o L1: Conservationof fuel powerindwellings (HMGovernment,2010)
o L2a: Conservationof fuel andpowerinbuildingsotherthandwellings (HMGovernment,
2010).
These regulationsaccountforenergyefficiencyinnew buildings,andalsoprovideguidelinesand
valuesrequiredbythe engineertodesignthe buildinganditsservicesaccurately.Otherlegislative
requirementsthatneedtobe consideredwhilstundertakingthe entire scheme are the Healthand
safetyat workact 1974 andCDM regulations2007. Thisincludesall stagesof constructionfrom
designtofinal form.Alsolightingminimumrequirementsmustbe metinaccordance withthe HSE
Lightingat Work (HSE,1997) andthe Societyof LightandLightingpublications (Societyof Lightand
Lighting,2005).
1.3 – Building Form and Structure:
To accuratelydesignthe lightingsystemwithinthis building,itisimperative toconsiderthe building
formand structure.The clienthasproduceddetaileddrawings,whichincludescaledlayoutdrawings
to a 3d model of the building.These detail eachroomwithinthe buildingtoscale,whichfurthersthe
efficacyof the design.Furthertothis,inorderto calculate anddesignthe projectaccuratelythe
reflectance of the surfaceshasbeenassumed(detailedinsection2.1) andfor ease of installationof
the lightingaceilinggridisto be installed (ThornLighting,2014).
1.4 – Spatial Arrangement:
Usinga 600x600mm ceilingmeansthatall otherservicescanbe above the ceiling,withthe majority
of the lightingfittingsslottingdirectlyintothe gridevenlyspaced.Thisdiffersinthe reception,and
landingareasas radiantpanelshave beenusedtoheatthe areas.Consideringthis,aThorn Equaline
lightingfittinghasbeenused,whichisawall fittingthatoutputslightdownwardsandupwards.This
will be installedusingthe wall cavities,andthe calculationhasbeenamendedaccordingly.Another
spatial considerationisthatthe store room will be usedariser for the services,thisdue tothe fact is
safe to use thisroom and it isimmediatelyabove the plantroom, aseparate lightingandpower
distributionboardwillbe installedthe groundfloorplantroom. The distributionboardswillbe
locatedinthe groundfloorplantroom. All containmentforelectrical serviceswill be above ceilingin
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perforatedbasket.Care will be takenwiththe routingof the containmentastoavoidclashingwith
othertrades/services.
Also,a spacingformulahasbeenappliedinsection2.2to all fittingstogive the maximumdistance
apart theycan be inan attemptto achieve uniformity. Complete uniformityisimpossibleinpractice,
but an acceptable standardisforthe minimumtobe designedat0.8 (or80%) of the maximum
illuminationlevel.Thisexpressedwiththe followingformula:
𝑀𝑎𝑥𝑖𝑚𝑢𝑚 𝐼𝑙𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑖𝑛𝑎𝑛𝑐𝑒 =
500
0.8
= 625 𝑙𝑢𝑥
Thismeans,forthe majorityof office roomswithanilluminationlevel of 500 lux,if thisistakenas
the minimumlevel,thenthe maximumlevelinanotherpartof the room shouldbe nohigherthan
625 lux.
1.5 – Aesthetics:
The clienthasprioritisedthe businessunit,aestheticallyspeaking,isuptomodernstandardsand
appealingtoanycompanywishingrentingthe premises. Thorn’sLEDrange hasa goodrange of
decorative fittingstoplease the aesthetical preferenceof the client (ThornLighting,2014),andthe
Quattro fittingwaschosenparticularlytosuitthis. Theycanalsobe chosento effectivelymatchthe
colourschemesordesignof the rooms. In additional,the lightinginthe receptionareaandlanding
usesbi-directional wall lightingfittingswhichwill lookquitestrikingonenteringthe buildingwithout
compromisingheavilyonenergyefficiency.Allservicesforthe lightingwillbe above ceiling,and
eventhe switchingarrangementmeansthere will be minimal controlsonwallsetc.
1.6 – Energy Efficiency:
The clienthas detailed energyefficiency asa mainpriority.Consideringthisatan earlydesignstage
isimportantto achieve afinal productthat isenergyefficient.Thiscanbe achievedthroughmany
differentguisessuchas,zoning,controlsandaccurate designandcan furtheredbythe use of
renewable energyforms (HMGovernment,2010).
Lightingmustprovide asuitable visual environment
withinthe room/area, sufficientforthe performance
of a range of tasks,provisionof adesiredappearance
etc.This shouldbe achievedwithoutwaste of energy
(CIBSE,2002). On thisproject,thishasbeenmainly
achievedthroughLEDlightingandthe intelligent
controlscontrollingit.Section2.4hasa detailedsaving
calculationof usingLED fittingsasopposedtousing
fluorescentfittings,butinbrief LED’srequire greatly
lowerwattage tooutputthe same amountof lightas a
conventional lamp,sothisobviouslyvastlyimproves
efficiency (Ice Energy,2014).Secondly,withthe
installationof anintelligentswitchingsystemwithan
inbuiltphotocell inrooms/areasreceivingnatural
daylight,thisallowsforthe usage of the lightscombinedwiththe natural daylighttomeetthe HSE
setparameters (JCCLighting,2015). Absence detectionhasbeenselectedforthe majorityof the
isolatedofficeareas,asthiswill reduce the usage byupto 60% comparedtoa conventional
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switchingarrangement (SustainabilityWorkshop,2014). The switchingof circuits isalmostentirely
confinedtothe beginningandendof aperiodof occupation;people mayswitchlightingonwhen
enteringaroom butseldomturnit off until theyall leave (CIBSE,2002).Usingthissystemmeansthe
lightswill notbe switchedonorleftoninrooms or areas whentheyare notrequired,thusfurther
savingonenergyconsumption.Thisisimportantbothintermsof reducingthe costof energybills,
and alsoinreducingthe environmental impactof the building
Task 2 – Technical Design:
2.1 – Lighting Calculations:
(Please findattachedall lightingspreadsheetcalculations inAppendix‘A’)
In orderto produce an accurate designforeachroom/area,a spreadsheetwascreatedbasedonthe
followingLumen Method calculation:
𝑁 =
𝐸 × 𝐴
𝐹 × 𝑈𝐹 × 𝐿𝐿𝐹
Where:
N = Numberof Fittings/Lamps
E = Required Illuminance(HSE, 1997)
A = Area of Room(𝑚2)
F = AvailableFlux (lm) (ThornLighting,2014)
UF= Utilisation Factor (seebelow) (ThornLighting,2014)
LLF = Light LossFactor (TypicalValues) (HNCCourse Notes,2014) (JCCLighting,2015)
In orderto calculate the utilisationfactorthe RoomIndex mustbe obtainedusingthe following
formula:
𝑅𝐼 =
𝐿 × 𝑊
𝐻 × (𝐿 + 𝑊)
Where:
L = Lengthof Room/Area (𝑚2)
W = Width of Room/Area (𝑚2)
𝐻 𝑚 = Heightof LuminaireaboveWorking Plane(m)
(HNCCourse Notes,2014)
In the data suppliedforthe lightingfitting,autilisationfactortable canalsobe used(appendix ‘B’).
The followingreflectance hasbeenassumed:
Fabric Reflectance
Ceiling 50
Walls 50
Floor 20
Thisequatestoa Roomindex of 0.71. This isthencalculatedusingthe following:
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0.71 × 𝐶𝑎𝑙𝑐𝑢𝑙𝑎𝑡𝑒𝑑 𝑅𝑜𝑜𝑚 𝐼𝑛𝑑𝑒𝑥 = 𝑈𝐹
LLF:
(JCC Lighting, 2015)
2.1.1– Example Calculation:
AdminOffice:
E = 500 (HSE,1997)
A = 7.735 X 2.663 = 20.6
F = 3200 (ThornLighting,2014)
UF= 0.67 (see below)
LLF = 0.98 (HNC Course Notes, 2014)
Room Index =
7.735×2.663
2.1×(7.735+2.663)
= 0.94
∴ 𝑈𝐹 = 0.94 × 0.71 = 0.67
𝑁 =
500 × 20.6
3200 × 0.67 × 0.98
= 4.9
Total Numberof Fittings= 5
To provide LuminanceUniformityanddue tothe shape of the adminoffice,Ithinkitwouldbe
pragmaticto install 6 no.lightingfittings. Luminance uniformity isthe ratioof minimumluminance
to average luminance (CIBSE,2002),calculatedusingthe following:
𝛥𝐿 = [ 𝐿(𝑀𝐴𝑋) / 𝐿(𝑀𝐼𝑁) –1 ] 𝑋 100
Thisfigure shouldbe outlinedinthe specificationand canonlybe measured usingalightmeteronce
installed.Usingthe lumenmethodandapplyingpractical designthinkingcaneradicate non-uniform
lightingatthe designstage.
2.2 - Spacing Formula:
Once the numberof fittingshasbeenderived,the space betweenthemcanthen be consideredto
ensure the correctspreadof light.Thiscalculationensuresthe maximumdistance permitted
betweenlightingfittingsisnotexceeded;thisisachievedusingthe followingformula:
𝑆 𝑚𝑎𝑥 = 1.34 × 𝐻 𝑚
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Where:
𝑆 𝑚𝑎𝑥 = Maximumdistancebetween fittings(m)
1.34 = Obtained fromThorn datasheet(ThornLighting,2014)
𝐻 𝑚 = Height aboveworking plane(m)
(HNCCourse Notes,2014)
2.2.1- Example Calculation:
AdminOffice:
𝑆 𝑚𝑎𝑥 = 1.34 × 2.1 = 2.814𝑚
So a maximumdistance of 2.81m ispermittedbetweeneachfittinginthe AdminOffice
2.3 – Running Cost Comparison:
Althoughpreviouslydiscussedinthe feasibilitystudy,now the total numberof 600x600 modular
fittingsisavailable(82),anaccurate runningcostcomparisoncan be made basedon 100,000 hours
use and a kWh price of 15.25p (BritishGas,2014). Please refertothe followingtable:
LED Fluorescent
Total Luminous Flux 3200 4800
Numberof Fittings 89 89
InstallationCost (Parts Only) £287.88 x 89 = £25,621.32 £93.22 x 89 = £8,296.58
ReplacementFrequency
(100,000 hours use)
2 13
ReplacementCost (2 x £119.29) x 89 =
£21,233.62
(13 x £34.29) x 89 =
£39,673.53
Energy Use (100,000 x 0.042) x 89 =
373,800 kWh
(100,000 x 0.063) x 89 =
560,700 kWh
Running Costs 373,800 x 0.1525 = £57,004.50 560,700 x 0.1525 = £85,506.75
Total Cost Comparison £103,859.44 £133,476.86
As isplaintosee,to justsimplyconsiderthe installationcostwhenchoosingthe lightingmethod
wouldbe veryshortsightedintermsof cost and efficiency.Tosee thisasa percentage savingforthe
use of LED’s,please refertothe following:
𝑃𝑟𝑒𝑐𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑎𝑔𝑒 𝑆𝑎𝑣𝑖𝑛𝑔 =
133,476.86 − 103,859.44
133,476.86
× 100 = 22.19%
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2.4 - Control Strategy:
(Please see attachedSchematicdrawing inappendix ‘C’)
“The aim of a control system is always to ensure that the lighting is only operating when it is
required, and that when it is, it is operating in the required state” - (CIBSE, 2002)
2.4.1-PresenceDetection:
Presence detectors sense movinginfra-redheatandswitchontheirloadsandstart a timer.When
the time elapsesthe unitswitchesoff.The timerrunsdown fromthe lastmovementsdetectedand
will stayonas longas there ismovementacrossthe zonesof detection (Danlers,2014) (JCCLighting,
2015). Presence detectionspreferreduse isinareasregularlypopulatedbyseveral people.
(JCC Lighting, 2015)
2.4.2– AbsenceDetection:
Absence detectorsare operatedbyaswitchas normal butwhenthe personleavesthe roomthey
turn off the loadaftera pre-determinedtimedperiod (Danlers,2014) (JCCLighting,2015). Absence
detectionisusuallyusedinisolatedofficesorlesspopulatedrooms.The same unitisusedforboth,
an Ex-OrLightSpotHD (Ex-Or,2014) (datasheetattached);thisisbecause presence detectorscanbe
linkedouttoturn itinto an absence detector,the onlywiringdifference isabsence detection
requires switchingonenteringthe room.
(JCC Lighting, 2015)
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2.4.3– Daylight-Dimming:
The use of these inall rooms/areasisdesignedtoutilise any natural daylighttomeetthe required
illuminance,thusreducing
the outputof the fittingsit
switches.The switchingof
fittingsineachroomhas
beencarefullydeliberated
to considerthis,aslighting
fittingsnearwindowswill
use more natural daylight
than the fittingsincloser
proximitytowalls.Thisis
importantto achieve
uniformity,andtoreduce the outputof the necessaryfittings (JCCLighting,2015).
2.4.4– MainsControls:
To reduce the total usage of the buildingasa whole,alightingcontactorpanel willbe usedthat
utilisesatime clock.Thiswill ensurethatafterthe setparametershave beenmet(priorto
occupancy),the timerwill disconnectthe contactorandthe lightingsystemcannolongerbe
switched.Forfire safetyandotherhealthandsafetyconsiderationsamanual override of thiscanbe
achievedinthe receptionthroughabreakglass.
2.4.5– LiGOControlSystem:
(Please findattachedLiGO brochure inappendix ‘B’)
“LiGO allows you to set up the system, create reports and adjust settings. It gives you access to a
rangeof featuresincluding: time zone control, emergency override, alarm reporting, energy graphs,
and emergency reporting.” - (Open Technology, 2014)
These simple stand-alone controlswouldworkfine,butin
orderto sufficientlymonitorandreactto breakdowns,
the lightingcontrolswill incorporate a‘LiGO’system
(OpenTechnology,2014).Thisintelligentsystemwill be
integratedwiththe BMSsystemthatis to be installedas
part of the control systemforthe heatingandventilation
systems.The mainadvantage of utilisingthissystemis
that the lightingcanbe controlledandmonitored
remotelybytrainedengineers;andeachlightfittingis
fullyaddressable andcanbe remotelycontrolled.This
includes,switching,testing,dimmingetc.The onlyrequirementfromthe fittingisthatitisfitted
with“DALI” compatible controls,which wasconsideredwhenoriginallyselecting the fittingsusedfor
thisproject(DALI,2014). All settings,withregardsdaylightdimminganddetectioncanbe
retrospectivelyadjustedremotelybyanengineerwithanydevice withaninternet connection.This
software andoperational informationcanalsobe passedon tothe occupier’s maintenance
departmentfortheirown use.
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2.5 – Containment:
(Please findattached layoutdrawinginappendix ‘C’ thatdetailscontainmentroute)
Thisprojectwill be wiredusingtwinandearth.Thiswiringwill be containedin150mmx 150mm
Pemsabaskettoeach location,thenfromeachmainrun all-round-bandwill be usedtowire tolocal
ceilingmountedKliksmulti-wayceilingrose boxes.A logical approachtoroutingcontainmenthas
beenusedtoreduce the amountused,whichfurtherreducescostof materialsandlabourof the
project.Also,withusingbasketandtwinandearth,there are no groupingfactorsto considerwhen
sizingcablesandloads as there is air circulation available tothe cables;the onlyconsiderationisto
ensure the cable baskethasample roomfor all electrical services (IET,2011).
2.6 – Cable Sizing:
Each circuit will fedusingaBSEN60898 6A MCB. Now the total numberof fittingsandlayout
drawings have beenproduced,all the relevantinformationisavailable tosize the cable forthe
project.Usingmy ownknowledge,the cable size thatshouldbe usedis1.5𝑚𝑚2 conductor witha
1𝑚𝑚2 CPC.The use of BS7671 17th
EditionWiringRegulations(Table 4D5) andthe following
example of circuit1L2 is to demonstrate this:
𝑇𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 𝐶𝑢𝑟𝑟𝑒𝑛𝑡 ( 𝐴) =
𝑊 × 𝑁 × 𝐶𝐹
𝑉
Where:
A = Amps
W = Wattageof Fitting
N = No.of Fittingson Circuit
CF = Correction Factor (50%) (IET, 2011)
V = Voltage
𝐴 =
42 × 17 × 1.5
230
= 4.65𝐴
Nowto checkthe VoltDrop (mV/A/misobtainedfromtable 4D5(IET,2011)) of the run usingthe
followingformula:
𝑉𝑜𝑙𝑡 𝐷𝑟𝑜𝑝 (𝑉) =
(𝑚𝑉/𝐴/𝑚)× 𝐼𝑏 × 𝐿
1000
Where:
mV = Millivolts
A = Amps
M = Metre
Ib = Design Current
L = Length
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𝑉𝑜𝑙𝑡 𝐷𝑟𝑜𝑝 ( 𝑉) =
29 × 4.65 × 50
1000
= 6.7𝑉
As BS7671 states,a maximumpermittedvoltdropof 3% (6.9V) isallowed (IET,2011), so thisfalls
withinthisparameter
Finally:
𝐼𝑡 ≥
𝐼𝑛
𝐶𝑎 × 𝐶𝑔 × 𝐶𝑟 × 𝐶𝑖
Where:
It = Currentcarrying capacityof cable (Tabulated in 4D5) (IET, 2011)
In = Rated currentof protectivedevice
Ca = Ambienttemperaturecorrection factor(Tabulated in 4C2 - 30℃ selected) (IET, 2011)
Cg = Grouping correction factor (FromTable 4B1) (IET,2011)
Cr = Protectivedevice correction factor (Cr = 1 – stated in On-SiteGuide (IET,2011))
Ci = Thermal insulation correction factor(Tabulated in 6C, On-SiteGuide – 0.71 selected) (IET, 2011)
𝐼𝑡 ≥
6( 𝐼𝑛)
1 × 1 × 1 × 0.71
= 8.4𝐴
Nowsimplyselectcable sizefromtable 4D5 (IET,2011):
o 1.0𝑚𝑚2 Twinand Earth cable couldbe usedwitha current ratingof 16A withthe methodof
installationused.
o Consideringpotential future expansion,andconsideringthe future voltdrop1.5𝑚𝑚2 is
selectedwitha20A currentcarrying capacity
2.6.1– Amtech:
(Please findattachedareportfromAmtechsingle cable design inappendix ‘C’, thatfurthersthese
findings (Amtech,2014).)
Amtechisa systemthat usesall the relevantinformation,suchasloadand total length,toprovide
the correct cable size forany givenproject.Thiswasusedtoensure the physical methodologyused
to calculate the cable size wascorrect.It alsohas a large database withall correctionfactorsfor
specificbrandedprotectiondevices.
2.7 – Loading and Balancing:
(Please findattachedSchematicandDBschedule inappendix‘C’)
The load of each lightingcircuithasbeencarefullyconsideredasnotto overloadanycircuits.Alsoall
circuitsare balancedequallyacrossthe 3phasesof the supply.
2.8 – Final Costing:
(Please findattachedfinal costestimationforthe account inappendix ‘D’)
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A final accountof £47,987.93 excludingvariationsisdue forthisprojectoncompletion.Thishas
beenestimatedusingaccurate equipmentcostsfromwholesalers,andacalculatedlabourrate
(please see attachedspreadsheet).The labourcostingtakesintoaccountall variablessuchas
overtime,andthe inclusionof transportetc.Also,the labourandmaterialsincludea15% mark-upto
achieve parityandprofitoncompletion.
Conclusion:
(Full evaluationcollaboratedasagroup,available ingroupevaluationsection)
To evaluate,Ifeel thisdesignmeetsall the client’sneedsandalsoexcelsinenergyefficiencyand
cost reduction.Also,if thisprojectcame intofruition,itwouldonlyneedafew minorchangesto
detail anditwouldbe a fullyplausible system.Personally,Ifoundthisprojectmore suitedto myskill
set,and have alsogainedvaluable experiencedwhilstcarryingoutthisdesign.
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Appendix ‘A’ – Spreadsheet Calculations:
Lighting Calculations
Labour Costing
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Appendix ‘B’ – Equipment Data/Information:
Onlyspecificequipmenthasbeenincludedinthisappendixforrelevantinformationwithregardsto
operation.Anygenericequipment,suchascontainment,cable,switchgearhasnotbeingincludedas
it isirrelevanttoconsiderthisinformation
Thorn Lighting Fitting Data & Photometry
Ex-Or Control Data
LiGO Brochure
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Appendix ‘C’ – Technical Information and Detailed Drawings:
Scaled Layout Drawings
Schematic Drawings
Distribution Schedules
Amtech Cable Size Calculation
19. Ashoka Energy Solutions 2015
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Appendix ‘D’ – Detailed Costing
Detailed Final Account
