2. Goals and Objectives of Negotiations
Basic Negotiation Goals
• Preservation of human life
• Apprehension of the subject
• Recovery and protection of
property
SAVE LIVES!
Captain R. A. Lescault- April 2010
3. Goals and Objectives of Negotiations
How do we accomplish these
goals? By using the….
Five D’s
• Detain
• Delay
• Deliberate
• Defuse
• Deny
Captain R. A. Lescault- April 2010
4. Goals and Objectives of Negotiations
Detain
Basic Containment –
Containment enables a disciplined, controlled response of
emergency resources through the use of staging areas,
forward command posts, perimeters, and checkpoints.
Peter C. Sarna
Oakland (CA) Police Department
Containment can be -
• Physical Isolation (cannot leave perimeter)
• Verbal isolation (talks to no one but the
negotiator)
Captain R. A. Lescault- April 2010
5. Goals and Objectives of Negotiations
Detain
Basic Containment –
• Prevent the spread of the threat
• Mitigate the harmful effects of the threat on
persons and property
• Prevent the escape of the subject
• Prevent entry of unauthorized persons into the
area
• Isolate the subject from the outside world)
Captain R. A. Lescault- April 2010
6. Goals and Objectives of Negotiations
Delay
“The skillful leader subdues the enemy's troops without any
fighting; he captures their cities without laying siege to them;
he overthrows their kingdom without lengthy operations in
the field.” – Sun Tzu
• Time increases basic human needs
• Time reduces stress & anxiety
• Time increase rationality
• Time increase opportunity for hostage
escape
• Time permits better decision making
through gathering of intelligence
• Time allows for the building of negotiator-
subject rapport
• Time reduces the subject’s expectations
Captain R. A. Lescault- April 2010
7. Goals and Objectives of Negotiations
Delay
Delaying tactics
• Initiate a “give & take” bargaining
• Make subject work for everything he gets
Concerns about passage of time
•Exhaustion
•Boredom
•Creeping-up effect
•Injuries & Illness
•“Action Imperative”
•Limited manpower
•Increasing expense
•Media profile & public attention
Captain R. A. Lescault- April 2010
8. Goals and Objectives of Negotiations
Deliberate
“Take time to deliberate; but when the time for
action arrives, stop thinking and go in.”
Napoleon Bonaparte
The basic concept of the Modern Day
Crisis and Hostage Negotiations is that
it’s a planned approach to peacefully
resolve a dangerous, possibly hostile
and violent situation.
More on this in the Command and Tactical Section Lecture
Captain R. A. Lescault- April 2010
9. Goals and Objectives of Negotiations
Defuse
“The more tranquil a man becomes, the greater is his success,
his influence, his power for good. Calmness of mind is one
of the beautiful jewels of wisdom.” – James Allen
Attempt to Resolve Emotional Conflict
Diffuse intense emotions
Return subject to normal functioning level
Establish rapport & communicate empathy (Active
Listening)
Gain intelligence
Initiate a “give & take” bargaining
Build trust and rapport with subject
Lower emotions & diffuse anger
Attempt to return subject to more rational
thinking
Captain R. A. Lescault- April 2010
10. Goals and Objectives of Negotiations
Deny
“Experience has taught us that men will not adopt and carry
into execution measures the best calculated for their own
good without the intervention of a coercive power” –
George Washington
Once Subject is more Rational….
• Over a period of time, the subject is still contained, he or
she is hopefully less emotional-more rational and original
demands have been denied (i.e. freedom, leave them alone,
etc.).
• Subject will begin to realize he is not in control & doesn’t
have any real power.
• Introduce non-violent problem solving alternatives
• Encourage and facilitate a peaceful surrender
Captain R. A. Lescault- April 2010
