Presentation skills

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When asked to present in front of
a group, most people begin to
feel butterflies in their stomach

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• To prepare for an effective presentation
•To deliver the presentation in an
effective manner
Effective presentation ensure complete understanding
OBJECTIVES OF THE EXERCISE

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• Name, Position & Responsibility
•Please complete this statement : “When I give
presentation I’d like the audience to see me as
…………..
•Most interesting activity at work. State the reason for
the choice
•My other interests include………….
•Finally, I dream to be /Achieve
EXERCICES
Prepare a 5 minutes presentation

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MAKING A STAR PRESENTATION
• ANALYZE the purpose
• BUILD the content
• CONSIDER the audience & the environment
• DESIGN the approach
• EXECUTE with confidence

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ANALYZE THE PURPOSE
Ask Yourself these questions:
• What do I want the audience to know?
• What do I want the audience to do?
• What do I want the audience to feel?

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BUILD THE CONTENT
• Accumulate your thoughts & ideas
• Construct them in a flow to meet purpose
Brainstorm
Compile a STRAWBOOK

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IN/OUT BOX
MUST KNOW
NICE TO KNOW
NOT NECESSARY TO KNOW

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GROUPING
HEADER 1 HEADER 2 HEADER 3
content
content content content
content content

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CONSIDER THE AUDIENCE
The successful speaker conveys:
• Knowledge
• Experience
• Reliability
• Friendliness
• Cooperation
• Confidence
• Energy
• Helpfulness

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CONSIDER THE AUDIENCE
The presentation is tailored, keeping in
mind the audience’s:
• Knowledge
• Experience
• Expectations
• Positions
• Involvement
• Interests
• Concerns

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THE ENVIRONMENT
The Environmental factors to consider are:
• Time of the day
• Day of the week
• Facilities
• Physical setting
• Occasion

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DEALING WITH DIFFICULT PARTICIPANTS
• The Heckler
• The talker/Know all
• The griper
• The whisperers
• The “wrong” one

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DESIGN THE APPROACH
• Introduction
• Body
• Conclusion
Diamond matrix

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ORGANIZING YOUR PRESENTATION
The structure
Tell them what you are going to tell them
Tell them!!
Tell them what you have told them

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USAGE OF VISUALS
• Use 1 major idea per visual;
• Translate Numbers into pie charts, bar charts
or graphs;
• Minimise words-use bullets or headings;
• The real thing is the best visual;
• Graphs, symbols & cartoons interest people;
• And use colour as far as possible

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GUIDELINES FOR VISULAS
• Design visuals as part of message development
• Focus on relevance: don't overuse visuals
• Use visuals to stimulate interest
• Make visuals simple, clear and easy to
understand

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STRUCTURE OF YOUR PRESENTATION
BANG: Always start with an attention
getting hook
OPENING: Outline main message
MESSAGE: Give only 4-5 key message
BRIDGE: Make a bridge between each key
message and participants(WIFM’s)

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STRUCTURE OF YOUR PRESENTATION
EXAMPLES: Give frequent examples to
help the audience visualize what you mean
RECAP: Be sure to summarize and
conclude
BANG: Always finish with a closing hook

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ATTENTION GRABBERS
These may take the form of:
• Greetings
• Illustrations
• Humour
• Anecdotes
• Quotations
•Stories
• References to occasions
• Analogies
• Shocking facts
• Challenges

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DEVELOPING MAIN BODY
• Chronological
• Topical
• Categorical
• Problem-solution
• Compare-contrast
• Ideal-reality
• Features-benefits
• Old-new
• Advantage-Disadvantage
• Goal-roadmap

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75% of what we know
comes to us visually.
13% through hearing
and the rest through
smell, taste & touch

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VISUAL SUPPORT MEDIA
• White boards
• Flip charts
• Overhead projector
• Objects & models
• Handouts
• Slide projector
•LCD projector/Computer
• Video tapes
Advantages & disadvantages

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CONSTRUCT A CONCLUSION
• Summary
• positive vs. negative
• Worst vs. best thing to happen
• cost-benefit analysis
• Now vs. future
• Motivational
• Motivational quote/video

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MAKING A STAR PRESENTATION
Execute with confidence

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REHEARSE
• Rehearse in the actual room if possible
• Use the actual visuals
• Go through the actual movements and
gestures
• visualize the audience’s reaction
• Act out your responses

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SPOKEN LANGUAGE
• Use simple language
• Use transitional words & phrases
• Avoid the use of jargons & acronyms
• Repeat terms

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DON’T
Χ Don’t say: ‘ before I begin………….’
Χ Don’t get the names wrong
Χ Don’t admit that you’d rather be
anywhere else
Χ Don’t admit that you are not prepared

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DON’T
Χ Don’t use offensive humour
Χ Don’t ask about the time
Χ Don’t admit that you have done an
identical presentation a million time

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VISUAL INPUT CONTROL
Talk to one person at a time:
• Control nervousness
• Make contacts with individuals
• Helps think more clearly
• Rate of speech and word usage under
control

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COMMUNICATING EYE-TO-EYE
DO
• Lock your eyes on a
person before
speaking
• Complete a thought
with each person
• Pause and then
move to the next
person
DON’T
• Scan the room
• Look around the room
for your thoughts
• try to look at every
face

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VOICE CONTROL
By exercising voice control and projecting
vocal energy:
• Hold attention
• Bring out the meaning in words
• Sound confident, the audience will
remember you.

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PROJECTING VOCAL ENERGY
DO
• Use inflection to
add meaning to
your words.
• Pause to breath
• Use volume
“level 8”
DON’T
• Speak at the same
volume as in one-to-
one
• Speak in monotone
• Think that people will
strain to listen

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USING BODY ENERGY
Expressive, Energetic & confident
DO
• Balance your
stance
• Use your hands
above the waist
• Let your hands
fall to the side
after using them
DON’T
• Move around or pace
without purpose
• lock your hands
• Hold objects-
pen,paper,glasses etc

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POSITIVE PERSONAL SIGNALS
• Leaning forward
• Leaning backward
• Stroking chin/Leaning chin on
knuckles.
• Tilting head

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NEGATIVE PERSONAL SIGNALS
• Yawning
• Continued straight gaze, no head movement
• One hand on back of neck
• Glasses removed & put down
• Avoiding eye contact

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CONVINCING WITH EVIDENCE
• Personal Experiences
• Examples
• Analogy
• Statistics
• Facts
• Expert opinion
• Exhibit
• Demonstration
To know which evidence to use,
know your audience

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EXPLICITLY CONNECT EVIDENCE TO THE
IDEA IT SUPPORT
Close the loop
ALL WELL THAT ENDS WELL
THE ART OF CONCLUDING

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WHAT THE COCLUSION MUST DO
• Summarize your speech
• Provide closure
• Make a great final impression
• Glasses removed and put down

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DON’T
• Go overtime
• Change your delivery
• Ramble/be wishy-washy
• Add new points at the end
• Say you forgot to mention something

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STRUCTURE OF Q & A INTERACTION
• Raise your hand to ask, “any questions?” or
next question?”
• Select a questioner
• look directly at questioner
• Listen for the issue behind the question
• Once question is complete, lock eyes with
another person
• Restate or rephrase the question

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STRUCTURE OF Q & A INTERACTION
• look back at the question & answer
• Tie it to the idea of the presentation
• End/Don’t end on the questioner
• Raise your hand for the next question

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REMEMBER:
Questions indicate interest and are an excellent
opportunity to make a few more points with the active
invitation of the audience
Questions are also a gauge of what your
audience thought of your presentation
Hostile questions give you leads about weak areas
that you can concentrate on in your next presentation
Always welcome questions