1. González de Prado C, Iglesias X, Anguera MT.
Influence of environmental factors in top-level
competition in Taekwondo combat. 2011
SCIENTIFIC CONGRESS ON MARTIAL ARTS AND
COMBAT SPORTS (Visu, Portugal). Maig, 2011.
cgonza22@xtec.cat
Sport Sciences Research Group INEFC Barcelona
Grup de Recerca en Ciències de l'Esport INEFC Barcelona
Grup Consolidat (2009 SGR1054)
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2. INFLUENCE OF ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS
IN TOP-LEVEL COMPETITION IN TAEKWONDO COMBAT
Cristina González de Prado1, Xavier Iglesias1, M.Teresa Anguera2
1 Institut Nacional d’Educació Física de Catalunya, Universitat de Barcelona (España)
2 Universitat de Barcelona, Facultat de Psicologia (España)
cgonza22@xtec.cat
Introduction Results
Environmental pressure is the phenomenon Construct validity was determined by the The number of moves tended to increase in the
produced during combat by the influence of the conceptual consistency and solidity extracted final rounds: 30.8 actions per fight in the first
‘space’, ‘time’ and ‘score’ factors which affect the from the theoretical framework and from round (19 attacks), 32.3 in the second round (20
effectiveness of the moves made. Its influence consultation with taekwondo specialists. attacks) and 40.1 in the third round (25 attacks).
on their effectiveness has been demonstrated in Reliability was determined using interobserver Finally, the difference in the current score
fencing (Iglesias X et al. 2011), but not in other and intra-observer analysis in seven taekwondo variable was significant because of its influence
combat sports. The aim of this study is to fights (Kappa inter = 0.99 and Kappa intra = on the effectiveness of the moves: when a
evaluate the influence of environmental pressure 0.98). competitor was losing by more than one point
during
d i competitive situations iin t l l male
titi it ti top-level l (n=785), 10.7%
(n=785) 10 7% of the moves were effective; if
taekwondo combat. he was winning by more than one
point (n=582), 5.9% were effective;
finally, when there was a tie or a
difference of one point (n=1738),
Methodology their effectiveness rose to 17.43%.
We studied 4796 tactical actions Conclusion
p
performed during 48 fights, one
g g
for each of the eight weight We conclude that in taekwondo
categories, in 6 World Championships environmental pressure does not
or World Cups from 2000 to 2007. have as direct an influence as in
other combat sports such as fencing.
A total of 96 top-level participants Photo by www.olympic.org
from 29 countries underwent systematic, non-
participant observation which applied an
idiographic, and multidimensional approach. The
observation tool was based on the analysis of
action effectiveness, the area where they were
made, the time remaining until the end of the
fight, and the difference in the current score. We
created an ad hoc record tool (Drewtina 23)
based on Microsoft Access 2003 using the NET Table 1: Effectiveness with regard to competition area (non-statistically significant values).
programming language (figure 1).
References
As for the analysis of the ‘area available’ factor,
y , González, C., Iglesias, X., Mirallas, J.A.,
, , g , , , ,
there were no significant differences in the Esparza, G. Sistematización de la acción táctica
effectiveness of tactical actions with regard to en el taekwondo de alta competición. Apunts
the section of the com petition area involved Educació Física i Esports. 2011, 103:56-67.
(Table 1). The ‘time remaining’ factor involved Iglesias, X., Gasset, A., González, C., Anguera,
two different evaluations. The distribution of MT. Interacción competitiva y presión ambiental
tactical moves and their effectiveness in the en deportes de combate: aplicación de la
rounds had no statistical significance, as values metodología observacional. Revista
were similar for all three rounds, with an Iberoamericana de Psicología del Deporte 2010,
Figure 1: The observation tool (Drewtina 23)
effectiveness ranging between 15% and 15.6%. (5)2:267 282.
(5)2:267-282
This paper is part of the research project Technological and methodological advances in the automation of
observational studies in sport, funded by the Directorate-General for Research, Ministry of Science and
Innovation (PSI2008-01179), 2008-2011.
The research was conducted by the INEFC Barcelona Sport Sciences Research Group (SGR-1054).
V Congreso Internacional de Educación Física – Barcelona, 2010