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The iDeal Reader Rachel Carson, ‘‘The Obligation to Endure’’.docx
The iDeal Reader Rachel Carson, ‘‘The
Obligation to Endure’’
© The McGraw−Hill
Companies, 2000
1
2
Rachel Louise Carson (1907–1964), professor, aquatic biologist, editor, and writer,was born in Springfield, Pennsylvania, and died in Silver Spring, Maryland. She received
a B.A. degree from the Pennsylvania College for Women in 1929 and an M.A. from Johns
Hopkins University in 1932 before pursuing further graduate study at Marine Biological
Laboratory in Massachusetts. Carson was variously affiliated with the University of Maryland,
on the zoology staff; with the U.S. Bureau of Fisheries; and with Johns Hopkins University.
She held memberships in the American Ornithologists’ Union, the National Institute of Arts
and Letters, the Royal Society of Literature, the Audubon Society, and the Society of
Women Geographers. Her extensive awards and honors include the George Westinghouse
Science Writing Award in 1950; the National Book Award in 1951 for The Sea Around Us, a
Guggenheim fellowship, and numerous medals, honorary citations, and degrees. Carson’s
mother led her to a love of nature, which she successfully combined with her desire to write.
She began publishing at the age of ten. Widely praised for her vivid descriptions of the sea in
the nonfiction best-seller The Sea Around Us (1951; rev. ed., 1966, reprinted, 1989) and in
The Edge of the Sea (1955; reprinted, 1980), Carson went on to write her most influential and
controversial book, Silent Spring (1962; limited ed., 1980; 25th anniversary ed., 1987), which
sold over 500,000 hardcover copies. Silent Spring criticizes farmers for using environmentally
hazardous chemicals and illustrates the devastation these chemicals wreak upon both animals
and humans. Heavily documented, Silent Spring precipitated such public concern that
President John F. Kennedy subsequently launched a federal investigation into the problem.
In May 1963, the President’s Science Advisory Committee agreed with Carson and urged
more stringent controls and further research.
R
The Obligation to Endure
Rachel Carson
The history of life on earth has been a history of interaction between living things
and their surroundings. To a large extent, the physical form and the habits of the
earth’s vegetation and its animal life have been molded by the environment.
Considering the whole span of earthly time, the opposite effect, in which life actu-
ally modifies its surroundings, has been relatively slight. Only within the moment of
time represented by the present century has one species—man—acquired significant
power to alter the nature of his world.
During the past quarter century this power has not only increased to one of
disturbing magnitude but it has changed in character. The most alarming of all
man’s assaults upon the environment is the contamination of air, earth, rivers, and
sea with dangerous and even lethal materials. This pollution is for the most part
irrecoverable; the chain of evil it initiates not only in th ...
Recommended
The iDeal Reader Rachel Carson, ‘‘The Obligation to Endure’’.docx
The iDeal Reader Rachel Carson, ‘‘The
Obligation to Endure’’
© The McGraw−Hill
Companies, 2000
1
2
Rachel Louise Carson (1907–1964), professor, aquatic biologist, editor, and writer,was born in Springfield, Pennsylvania, and died in Silver Spring, Maryland. She received
a B.A. degree from the Pennsylvania College for Women in 1929 and an M.A. from Johns
Hopkins University in 1932 before pursuing further graduate study at Marine Biological
Laboratory in Massachusetts. Carson was variously affiliated with the University of Maryland,
on the zoology staff; with the U.S. Bureau of Fisheries; and with Johns Hopkins University.
She held memberships in the American Ornithologists’ Union, the National Institute of Arts
and Letters, the Royal Society of Literature, the Audubon Society, and the Society of
Women Geographers. Her extensive awards and honors include the George Westinghouse
Science Writing Award in 1950; the National Book Award in 1951 for The Sea Around Us, a
Guggenheim fellowship, and numerous medals, honorary citations, and degrees. Carson’s
mother led her to a love of nature, which she successfully combined with her desire to write.
She began publishing at the age of ten. Widely praised for her vivid descriptions of the sea in
the nonfiction best-seller The Sea Around Us (1951; rev. ed., 1966, reprinted, 1989) and in
The Edge of the Sea (1955; reprinted, 1980), Carson went on to write her most influential and
controversial book, Silent Spring (1962; limited ed., 1980; 25th anniversary ed., 1987), which
sold over 500,000 hardcover copies. Silent Spring criticizes farmers for using environmentally
hazardous chemicals and illustrates the devastation these chemicals wreak upon both animals
and humans. Heavily documented, Silent Spring precipitated such public concern that
President John F. Kennedy subsequently launched a federal investigation into the problem.
In May 1963, the President’s Science Advisory Committee agreed with Carson and urged
more stringent controls and further research.
R
The Obligation to Endure
Rachel Carson
The history of life on earth has been a history of interaction between living things
and their surroundings. To a large extent, the physical form and the habits of the
earth’s vegetation and its animal life have been molded by the environment.
Considering the whole span of earthly time, the opposite effect, in which life actu-
ally modifies its surroundings, has been relatively slight. Only within the moment of
time represented by the present century has one species—man—acquired significant
power to alter the nature of his world.
During the past quarter century this power has not only increased to one of
disturbing magnitude but it has changed in character. The most alarming of all
man’s assaults upon the environment is the contamination of air, earth, rivers, and
sea with dangerous and even lethal materials. This pollution is for the most part
irrecoverable; the chain of evil it initiates not only in th ...
The iDeal Reader Rachel Carson, ‘‘The Obligation to Endure’’.docx
The iDeal Reader Rachel Carson, ‘‘The
Obligation to Endure’’
© The McGraw−Hill
Companies, 2000
1
2
Rachel Louise Carson (1907–1964), professor, aquatic biologist, editor, and writer,was born in Springfield, Pennsylvania, and died in Silver Spring, Maryland. She received
a B.A. degree from the Pennsylvania College for Women in 1929 and an M.A. from Johns
Hopkins University in 1932 before pursuing further graduate study at Marine Biological
Laboratory in Massachusetts. Carson was variously affiliated with the University of Maryland,
on the zoology staff; with the U.S. Bureau of Fisheries; and with Johns Hopkins University.
She held memberships in the American Ornithologists’ Union, the National Institute of Arts
and Letters, the Royal Society of Literature, the Audubon Society, and the Society of
Women Geographers. Her extensive awards and honors include the George Westinghouse
Science Writing Award in 1950; the National Book Award in 1951 for The Sea Around Us, a
Guggenheim fellowship, and numerous medals, honorary citations, and degrees. Carson’s
mother led her to a love of nature, which she successfully combined with her desire to write.
She began publishing at the age of ten. Widely praised for her vivid descriptions of the sea in
the nonfiction best-seller The Sea Around Us (1951; rev. ed., 1966, reprinted, 1989) and in
The Edge of the Sea (1955; reprinted, 1980), Carson went on to write her most influential and
controversial book, Silent Spring (1962; limited ed., 1980; 25th anniversary ed., 1987), which
sold over 500,000 hardcover copies. Silent Spring criticizes farmers for using environmentally
hazardous chemicals and illustrates the devastation these chemicals wreak upon both animals
and humans. Heavily documented, Silent Spring precipitated such public concern that
President John F. Kennedy subsequently launched a federal investigation into the problem.
In May 1963, the President’s Science Advisory Committee agreed with Carson and urged
more stringent controls and further research.
R
The Obligation to Endure
Rachel Carson
The history of life on earth has been a history of interaction between living things
and their surroundings. To a large extent, the physical form and the habits of the
earth’s vegetation and its animal life have been molded by the environment.
Considering the whole span of earthly time, the opposite effect, in which life actu-
ally modifies its surroundings, has been relatively slight. Only within the moment of
time represented by the present century has one species—man—acquired significant
power to alter the nature of his world.
During the past quarter century this power has not only increased to one of
disturbing magnitude but it has changed in character. The most alarming of all
man’s assaults upon the environment is the contamination of air, earth, rivers, and
sea with dangerous and even lethal materials. This pollution is for the most part
irrecoverable; the chain of evil it initiates not only in th ...
Introduction of exotic fish & its impact
Why are they introduced Exotic fishes transplanted in INDIA
Types/routes of introductions
A.Deliberate introductions
accidental introduction
predation on natives
competition
habitat alteration
parasites/diseases
genetic effects
ecosystem engineers – radically change structure of communities and habitats, e.g., zebra mussels
Effects of exotics
1. Spoons are the best predator and beans are the best prey.Natural .pdf
1. Spoons are the best predator and beans are the best prey.Natural selection would favour the
utensils here (spoon) with adaptations that help them to capture the prey.
2.Biological forces include food, water and non biological forces include mutation, genetic drift
and gene flow.
3. The predator population incrreased over the time because of mor prey being captured.
The prey population decreased over the generation becasue the predators would attack them and
their number reduced after each generation.
4.The populations of the Garbanzo and lentils decreased in the Fab board because they were
easily accessable to the predators like spoons. In the Tacky Shag habitat lentils and Garbanzo
were decreased because they were easily captured by the predators.
5. Predators and prey have evolved due to Natural selection. Some new species would have
evolved if the existinfg if the prey have not been attaked. The predator here includes utensils like
fork, spoon which can harm any prey if mishandled.
6. The predators adapt themselves to the bean snails which have got their gene mutated for their
skin and avoid eating them to protect themselves from getting paralyzed. The bean snail can
avoid further generationsand the environmental factors too play a vital role in avoiding its further
generation or reporduction.
Solution
1. Spoons are the best predator and beans are the best prey.Natural selection would favour the
utensils here (spoon) with adaptations that help them to capture the prey.
2.Biological forces include food, water and non biological forces include mutation, genetic drift
and gene flow.
3. The predator population incrreased over the time because of mor prey being captured.
The prey population decreased over the generation becasue the predators would attack them and
their number reduced after each generation.
4.The populations of the Garbanzo and lentils decreased in the Fab board because they were
easily accessable to the predators like spoons. In the Tacky Shag habitat lentils and Garbanzo
were decreased because they were easily captured by the predators.
5. Predators and prey have evolved due to Natural selection. Some new species would have
evolved if the existinfg if the prey have not been attaked. The predator here includes utensils like
fork, spoon which can harm any prey if mishandled.
6. The predators adapt themselves to the bean snails which have got their gene mutated for their
skin and avoid eating them to protect themselves from getting paralyzed. The bean snail can
avoid further generationsand the environmental factors too play a vital role in avoiding its further
generation or reporduction..
Squash Bug and Squash Vine Borer: Organic Controls
Squash Bug and Squash Vine Borer: Organic Controls
The Development of Evolutionary TheoryAnthropology 1 Fall.docx
The Development of Evolutionary Theory
Anthropology 1: Fall 2016
Religion and science concern different aspects of
the human experience, and they are not
inherently mutually exclusive categories.
Belief in God does not exclude the possibility of
biological evolution; acknowledgement of
evolutionary processes doesn't preclude the
existence of God.
Evolutionary theories are not rejected by all
religions or by most forms of Christianity.
A substantial majority of Americans (about 7 in 10)
believe the scientific Theory of Evolution is
compatible with a belief in God – one does not
preclude the other.
◦ “Evolution and Creationism in Public Education” People For the American Way Foundation
Evolution is the most fundamental of all biological
processes, but one of the most misunderstood.
Humans evolved from a species that lived some 6-8
million years ago (mya), not monkeys or chimpanzees.
Humans do share a recent common ancestor with other
primates
Evolution takes time; hence, the appearance of a new
species is rarely witnessed
The theory has been tested and subjected to
verification through accumulated evidence (and has
not been disproved)
The theory of evolution has been supported by a
mounting body of genetic evidence.
The theory has stood the test of time.
The theory continues to grow.
Evolutionary principles were developed in
western Europe, made possible by scientific
thinking dating to the 16th century.
Western science, however, borrowed ideas from
Arab, Indian, and Chinese cultures where notions
of biological evolution had already developed.
By the 19th century, evolution wasn’t a new
concept, but Natural Selection was a new theory
The notion that species,
once created, can never
change
An idea diametrically
opposed to theories of
biological evolution.
To challenge the idea
was to challenge the
Argument from Design
(life engineered by a
purposeful God).
Came with the discovery of the New World,
introducing new ideas and challenging
fundamental views about the planet.
Exposure to new plants and animals
increased awareness of biological diversity.
Brave new thinkers began to challenge long held
church doctrine and belief
◦ Aristotle taught that the sun and planets existed in a
series of concentric spheres that revolved around the
sun.
◦ Copernicus challenged the idea that the earth was the
center of the universe.
◦ Galileo’s work supported the idea that the universe was
a place of motion.
John Ray, developed the concept of species.
Groups of plants and animals could be
differentiated from other groups by their ability
to mate with one another and produce offspring.
He placed such groups of reproductively isolated
organisms into a single category, which he called
the species.
Carolus Linnaeus, a Swedish naturalist who
developed a method of classifying plants and
animals.
In Systema Naturae, first .
Ecosystem Facilitation
..I.D.E.A.S. Ecosystem Facilitation offers a sustainable solution to maintaining retention ponds. This systems involves strategic plantings of native aquatic flora that will provide a filtration buffer for high nutrient run-off, further decreasing unwanted algal blooms and creating an area of high biodiversity.
27.Dusky spine foot, economic importance.pdf
Dusky spinefoot is also known as squaretail or rabbit fish, typically brownish grey color with lighter color speckles and yellowish ring around the pupil. They prefer hard bottom areas. Meat may be poisonous due to toxins produced by the algae. Mostly it is herbivorous. Considered as indicator species for the health of coral reefs.
Presentation on save the frogs
A presentation about frog conservation. It was a presentation by me for raising awareness at my community.
--- Dr. Monzur Kader Chowdhury, DVM
Email: monzur.sau@gmail.com
Darwinism and natural selection 7th zol.pptx
Darwin's three main principles of natural selection state that, in order for the process to occur, most characteristics in the population must be inherited, more offspring must be produced than can survive, and the fittest offspring must be more likely to survive and reproduce.In the mid-19th century, a man came up with a very powerful idea, the idea that species could change. Today, all the time, we hear about animals adapting, endangered species going extinct, viruses mutating. But in the 1800s, people conceptualized a much more static world. One man looked past all that. His name was Charles Darwin.
Darwin called his idea the theory of natural selection. Natural selection is defined as a natural process that results in the survival and reproduction of organisms with genetic traits best suited to their environment. A shorter (but no less accurate) definition might be "survival of the fittest." Within any population, the fittest individuals, or the ones who fit the environment best, usually survive and reproduce, passing on their genetic traits to future generations.
ReprintsThis copy is for your personal, noncommercial use .docx
Reprints
This copy is for your personal, noncommercial use only. You can order presentation-ready copies for distribution to
your colleagues, clients or customers here or use the "Reprints" tool that appears next to any article. Visit
www.nytreprints.com for samples and additional information. Order a reprint of this article now.
July 9, 2011
Answer for Invasive Species: Put It on a
Plate and Eat It
By ELISABETH ROSENTHAL
With its dark red and black stripes, spotted fins and long venomous black spikes, the lionfish
seems better suited for horror films than consumption. But lionfish fritters and filets may be on
American tables soon.
An invasive species, the lionfish is devastating reef fish populations along the Florida coast and
into the Caribbean. Now, an increasing number of environmentalists, consumer groups and
scientists are seriously testing a novel solution to control it and other aquatic invasive species —
one that would also takes pressure off depleted ocean fish stocks: they want Americans to step up
to their plates and start eating invasive critters in large numbers.
“Humans are the most ubiquitous predators on earth,” said Philip Kramer, director of the
Caribbean program for the Nature Conservancy. “Instead of eating something like shark fin soup,
why not eat a species that is causing harm, and with your meal make a positive contribution?”
Invasive species have become a vexing problem in the United States, with population explosions of
Asian carp clogging the Mississippi River and European green crabs mobbing the coasts. With few
natural predators in North America, such fast-breeding species have thrived in American waters,
eating native creatures and out-competing them for food and habitats.
While most invasive species are not commonly regarded as edible food, that is mostly a matter of
marketing, experts say. Imagine menus where Asian carp substitutes for the threatened Chilean
sea bass, or lionfish replaces grouper, which is overfished.
“We think there could be a real market,” said Wenonah Hauter, the executive director of Food and
Water Watch, whose 2011 Smart Seafood Guide recommends for the first time that diners seek out
invasive species as a “safer, more sustainable” alternative to their more dwindling relatives, to
encourage fisherman and markets to provide them.
“What these species need now is a better — sexier — profile, and more cooks who know how to use
them,” she said. She has enlisted celebrity chefs to promote eating the creatures.
Scientists emphasize that human consumption is only part of what is needed to control invasive
Can’t Eliminate an Invasive Species? Try Eating It. - NYTimes.com http://www.nytimes.com/2011/07/10/science/earth/10fish.html?_r=0&p...
1 of 3
species and restore native fish populations, and that a comprehensive plan must include restoring
fish predators to depleted habitats and erecting physical barriers to prevent further dissemination
of the invaders.
...
Amphibians: What do we know about them?
Talk given at ATREE, 27th April 2010 on Bioresources workshop.
Pollock and Snow "DEIA in the Scholarly Landscape, Session One: Setting Expec...
Pollock and Snow "DEIA in the Scholarly Landscape, Session One: Setting Expec...National Information Standards Organization (NISO)
This presentation was provided by Steph Pollock of The American Psychological Association’s Journals Program, and Damita Snow, of The American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE), for the initial session of NISO's 2024 Training Series "DEIA in the Scholarly Landscape." Session One: 'Setting Expectations: a DEIA Primer,' was held June 6, 2024.Your Skill Boost Masterclass: Strategies for Effective Upskilling
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The iDeal Reader Rachel Carson, ‘‘The Obligation to Endure’’.docx
The iDeal Reader Rachel Carson, ‘‘The
Obligation to Endure’’
© The McGraw−Hill
Companies, 2000
1
2
Rachel Louise Carson (1907–1964), professor, aquatic biologist, editor, and writer,was born in Springfield, Pennsylvania, and died in Silver Spring, Maryland. She received
a B.A. degree from the Pennsylvania College for Women in 1929 and an M.A. from Johns
Hopkins University in 1932 before pursuing further graduate study at Marine Biological
Laboratory in Massachusetts. Carson was variously affiliated with the University of Maryland,
on the zoology staff; with the U.S. Bureau of Fisheries; and with Johns Hopkins University.
She held memberships in the American Ornithologists’ Union, the National Institute of Arts
and Letters, the Royal Society of Literature, the Audubon Society, and the Society of
Women Geographers. Her extensive awards and honors include the George Westinghouse
Science Writing Award in 1950; the National Book Award in 1951 for The Sea Around Us, a
Guggenheim fellowship, and numerous medals, honorary citations, and degrees. Carson’s
mother led her to a love of nature, which she successfully combined with her desire to write.
She began publishing at the age of ten. Widely praised for her vivid descriptions of the sea in
the nonfiction best-seller The Sea Around Us (1951; rev. ed., 1966, reprinted, 1989) and in
The Edge of the Sea (1955; reprinted, 1980), Carson went on to write her most influential and
controversial book, Silent Spring (1962; limited ed., 1980; 25th anniversary ed., 1987), which
sold over 500,000 hardcover copies. Silent Spring criticizes farmers for using environmentally
hazardous chemicals and illustrates the devastation these chemicals wreak upon both animals
and humans. Heavily documented, Silent Spring precipitated such public concern that
President John F. Kennedy subsequently launched a federal investigation into the problem.
In May 1963, the President’s Science Advisory Committee agreed with Carson and urged
more stringent controls and further research.
R
The Obligation to Endure
Rachel Carson
The history of life on earth has been a history of interaction between living things
and their surroundings. To a large extent, the physical form and the habits of the
earth’s vegetation and its animal life have been molded by the environment.
Considering the whole span of earthly time, the opposite effect, in which life actu-
ally modifies its surroundings, has been relatively slight. Only within the moment of
time represented by the present century has one species—man—acquired significant
power to alter the nature of his world.
During the past quarter century this power has not only increased to one of
disturbing magnitude but it has changed in character. The most alarming of all
man’s assaults upon the environment is the contamination of air, earth, rivers, and
sea with dangerous and even lethal materials. This pollution is for the most part
irrecoverable; the chain of evil it initiates not only in th ...
Introduction of exotic fish & its impact
Why are they introduced Exotic fishes transplanted in INDIA
Types/routes of introductions
A.Deliberate introductions
accidental introduction
predation on natives
competition
habitat alteration
parasites/diseases
genetic effects
ecosystem engineers – radically change structure of communities and habitats, e.g., zebra mussels
Effects of exotics
1. Spoons are the best predator and beans are the best prey.Natural .pdf
1. Spoons are the best predator and beans are the best prey.Natural selection would favour the
utensils here (spoon) with adaptations that help them to capture the prey.
2.Biological forces include food, water and non biological forces include mutation, genetic drift
and gene flow.
3. The predator population incrreased over the time because of mor prey being captured.
The prey population decreased over the generation becasue the predators would attack them and
their number reduced after each generation.
4.The populations of the Garbanzo and lentils decreased in the Fab board because they were
easily accessable to the predators like spoons. In the Tacky Shag habitat lentils and Garbanzo
were decreased because they were easily captured by the predators.
5. Predators and prey have evolved due to Natural selection. Some new species would have
evolved if the existinfg if the prey have not been attaked. The predator here includes utensils like
fork, spoon which can harm any prey if mishandled.
6. The predators adapt themselves to the bean snails which have got their gene mutated for their
skin and avoid eating them to protect themselves from getting paralyzed. The bean snail can
avoid further generationsand the environmental factors too play a vital role in avoiding its further
generation or reporduction.
Solution
1. Spoons are the best predator and beans are the best prey.Natural selection would favour the
utensils here (spoon) with adaptations that help them to capture the prey.
2.Biological forces include food, water and non biological forces include mutation, genetic drift
and gene flow.
3. The predator population incrreased over the time because of mor prey being captured.
The prey population decreased over the generation becasue the predators would attack them and
their number reduced after each generation.
4.The populations of the Garbanzo and lentils decreased in the Fab board because they were
easily accessable to the predators like spoons. In the Tacky Shag habitat lentils and Garbanzo
were decreased because they were easily captured by the predators.
5. Predators and prey have evolved due to Natural selection. Some new species would have
evolved if the existinfg if the prey have not been attaked. The predator here includes utensils like
fork, spoon which can harm any prey if mishandled.
6. The predators adapt themselves to the bean snails which have got their gene mutated for their
skin and avoid eating them to protect themselves from getting paralyzed. The bean snail can
avoid further generationsand the environmental factors too play a vital role in avoiding its further
generation or reporduction..
Squash Bug and Squash Vine Borer: Organic Controls
Squash Bug and Squash Vine Borer: Organic Controls
The Development of Evolutionary TheoryAnthropology 1 Fall.docx
The Development of Evolutionary Theory
Anthropology 1: Fall 2016
Religion and science concern different aspects of
the human experience, and they are not
inherently mutually exclusive categories.
Belief in God does not exclude the possibility of
biological evolution; acknowledgement of
evolutionary processes doesn't preclude the
existence of God.
Evolutionary theories are not rejected by all
religions or by most forms of Christianity.
A substantial majority of Americans (about 7 in 10)
believe the scientific Theory of Evolution is
compatible with a belief in God – one does not
preclude the other.
◦ “Evolution and Creationism in Public Education” People For the American Way Foundation
Evolution is the most fundamental of all biological
processes, but one of the most misunderstood.
Humans evolved from a species that lived some 6-8
million years ago (mya), not monkeys or chimpanzees.
Humans do share a recent common ancestor with other
primates
Evolution takes time; hence, the appearance of a new
species is rarely witnessed
The theory has been tested and subjected to
verification through accumulated evidence (and has
not been disproved)
The theory of evolution has been supported by a
mounting body of genetic evidence.
The theory has stood the test of time.
The theory continues to grow.
Evolutionary principles were developed in
western Europe, made possible by scientific
thinking dating to the 16th century.
Western science, however, borrowed ideas from
Arab, Indian, and Chinese cultures where notions
of biological evolution had already developed.
By the 19th century, evolution wasn’t a new
concept, but Natural Selection was a new theory
The notion that species,
once created, can never
change
An idea diametrically
opposed to theories of
biological evolution.
To challenge the idea
was to challenge the
Argument from Design
(life engineered by a
purposeful God).
Came with the discovery of the New World,
introducing new ideas and challenging
fundamental views about the planet.
Exposure to new plants and animals
increased awareness of biological diversity.
Brave new thinkers began to challenge long held
church doctrine and belief
◦ Aristotle taught that the sun and planets existed in a
series of concentric spheres that revolved around the
sun.
◦ Copernicus challenged the idea that the earth was the
center of the universe.
◦ Galileo’s work supported the idea that the universe was
a place of motion.
John Ray, developed the concept of species.
Groups of plants and animals could be
differentiated from other groups by their ability
to mate with one another and produce offspring.
He placed such groups of reproductively isolated
organisms into a single category, which he called
the species.
Carolus Linnaeus, a Swedish naturalist who
developed a method of classifying plants and
animals.
In Systema Naturae, first .
Ecosystem Facilitation
..I.D.E.A.S. Ecosystem Facilitation offers a sustainable solution to maintaining retention ponds. This systems involves strategic plantings of native aquatic flora that will provide a filtration buffer for high nutrient run-off, further decreasing unwanted algal blooms and creating an area of high biodiversity.
27.Dusky spine foot, economic importance.pdf
Dusky spinefoot is also known as squaretail or rabbit fish, typically brownish grey color with lighter color speckles and yellowish ring around the pupil. They prefer hard bottom areas. Meat may be poisonous due to toxins produced by the algae. Mostly it is herbivorous. Considered as indicator species for the health of coral reefs.
Presentation on save the frogs
A presentation about frog conservation. It was a presentation by me for raising awareness at my community.
--- Dr. Monzur Kader Chowdhury, DVM
Email: monzur.sau@gmail.com
Darwinism and natural selection 7th zol.pptx
Darwin's three main principles of natural selection state that, in order for the process to occur, most characteristics in the population must be inherited, more offspring must be produced than can survive, and the fittest offspring must be more likely to survive and reproduce.In the mid-19th century, a man came up with a very powerful idea, the idea that species could change. Today, all the time, we hear about animals adapting, endangered species going extinct, viruses mutating. But in the 1800s, people conceptualized a much more static world. One man looked past all that. His name was Charles Darwin.
Darwin called his idea the theory of natural selection. Natural selection is defined as a natural process that results in the survival and reproduction of organisms with genetic traits best suited to their environment. A shorter (but no less accurate) definition might be "survival of the fittest." Within any population, the fittest individuals, or the ones who fit the environment best, usually survive and reproduce, passing on their genetic traits to future generations.
ReprintsThis copy is for your personal, noncommercial use .docx
Reprints
This copy is for your personal, noncommercial use only. You can order presentation-ready copies for distribution to
your colleagues, clients or customers here or use the "Reprints" tool that appears next to any article. Visit
www.nytreprints.com for samples and additional information. Order a reprint of this article now.
July 9, 2011
Answer for Invasive Species: Put It on a
Plate and Eat It
By ELISABETH ROSENTHAL
With its dark red and black stripes, spotted fins and long venomous black spikes, the lionfish
seems better suited for horror films than consumption. But lionfish fritters and filets may be on
American tables soon.
An invasive species, the lionfish is devastating reef fish populations along the Florida coast and
into the Caribbean. Now, an increasing number of environmentalists, consumer groups and
scientists are seriously testing a novel solution to control it and other aquatic invasive species —
one that would also takes pressure off depleted ocean fish stocks: they want Americans to step up
to their plates and start eating invasive critters in large numbers.
“Humans are the most ubiquitous predators on earth,” said Philip Kramer, director of the
Caribbean program for the Nature Conservancy. “Instead of eating something like shark fin soup,
why not eat a species that is causing harm, and with your meal make a positive contribution?”
Invasive species have become a vexing problem in the United States, with population explosions of
Asian carp clogging the Mississippi River and European green crabs mobbing the coasts. With few
natural predators in North America, such fast-breeding species have thrived in American waters,
eating native creatures and out-competing them for food and habitats.
While most invasive species are not commonly regarded as edible food, that is mostly a matter of
marketing, experts say. Imagine menus where Asian carp substitutes for the threatened Chilean
sea bass, or lionfish replaces grouper, which is overfished.
“We think there could be a real market,” said Wenonah Hauter, the executive director of Food and
Water Watch, whose 2011 Smart Seafood Guide recommends for the first time that diners seek out
invasive species as a “safer, more sustainable” alternative to their more dwindling relatives, to
encourage fisherman and markets to provide them.
“What these species need now is a better — sexier — profile, and more cooks who know how to use
them,” she said. She has enlisted celebrity chefs to promote eating the creatures.
Scientists emphasize that human consumption is only part of what is needed to control invasive
Can’t Eliminate an Invasive Species? Try Eating It. - NYTimes.com http://www.nytimes.com/2011/07/10/science/earth/10fish.html?_r=0&p...
1 of 3
species and restore native fish populations, and that a comprehensive plan must include restoring
fish predators to depleted habitats and erecting physical barriers to prevent further dissemination
of the invaders.
...
Amphibians: What do we know about them?
Talk given at ATREE, 27th April 2010 on Bioresources workshop.
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ORAL PARTICI.pptx
- 2. Controlling the overgrowth of invasive aquatic vegetation is a significant problem in the waterways of most U.S. states. Originally, herbicides and dredging were used for control, but in 1963, diploid Asian carp were introduced in Alabama and Arkansas. Unfortunately, through escapes and illegal introductions, the carp spread rapidly and became serious threats to aquatic ecosystems in 45 states. Beginning in 1983, many states began using triploid, sterile grass carp as an alternative, because of their inability to reproduce, their longevity, and their voracious appetite. On the other hand, this genetically modified exotic species, if not used properly, can reduce or eliminate desirable plants and outcompete native fish, causing more damage than good. The use of one exotic species to control other exotic species has had a problematic history across the globe, generating controversy and criticism. Newer methods for genetic modification of organisms to achieve specific outcomes will certainly become more common in the future and raise several interesting questions.
- 3. 1. Why would the creation and use of a tetraploid carp species be unacceptable in the above situation? 2. If you were a state official in charge of a particular waterway, what questions would you ask before approving the use of a laboratory-produced, triploid species in this waterway? 3. What ethical responsibilities accompany the ecological and economic risks and benefits of releasing exotic species into the environment? Who pays the costs if ecosystems and food supplies are damaged?
- 4. Reference: Seastedt, T. R. (2015). Biological control of invasive plant species: A reassessment for the Anthropocene. New Phytologist, 205(1), 490–502.