This document provides an overview of the screen printing process, including definitions, equipment, techniques, and troubleshooting. It describes the basic anatomy of screen printing and lists the main components involved. It then explains different print techniques like pigment, rubber, discharge and foil printing. The document also discusses common problems encountered in printing and their preventative and corrective actions. Finally, it provides a list of chemicals and their brands commonly used in screen printing.

1. Anatomy Of
SCREEN PRINTING
Parvez Ahmed
Sr. Officer
Research & Development
DBL Group Ltd.

2. What Is Screen Printing?
“It s one kind of technique that’s pass the ink through
the screen by the impression of squeegee onto the
fabric to received the desired image in specific area”

3. Anatomy Of Screen Printing
A. Ink
B. Squeegee
C. Positive Image on the Screen
D. Negative Space on the Screen
E. Frame
F. The Printed Image on Fabric.

4. Uses of Screen Printing in Textile
• Print on Garments Chest Position( T-Shirt,Jecket,Tank-Top,Pants).
• Print on Back Label.
• Print on pillow Case.
• Print on Pocket.
• Print on Woven Badge.
• Print on applique.

5. Advantage Of Screen Print
• Low Investment cost.
• Low Price than AOP .
• Low rejection percentage than AOP & Washing.
• Fashionable.
• Low processing time required.

6. MACHINES & ACCESSORIES USED
IN SCREEN PRINTING

7. Computer For Graphics Printer
Design Work by using Photoshop or Adobe
Illustrator Software.
Print out the Design on paper or film.

8. Off set Paper
Film Paper
Print the art work File. Print the Design and used for Screen Making.

9. Engraving Machine Digital Scanner
Print Directly on the Screen. Scan the Design or Pattern.

10. Film Check Light Box Film Keeping Rack
Check the Film paper. Keeping the film after screen making.

11. Frame Mesh Fabric
Used for attached the mesh fabric.
Its nylon or polyester fabric. Used for desired
Design outcome.

12. Emulsion Coating
Stretching Machine
Automatically Emulsion coated on the screen.Mesh attached on the Frame by uniform tension.

13. Dryer Light Exposer Machine
Used to Dry the Screen after emulsion Coating. Expose the Screen in Light Source.

14. Printing TableScreen Wash Machine
Used for all Type of Printing.
After Exposing wash the screen for
desired out come.

15. Octopus Machine Oval Machine
Automatic Printing machine. Maximum 6
color can be print.
Automatic Printing machine. Maximum 12
color can be print.

16. Hand Dryer
Auto Dryer
Automatically dry the print.Manually dry the print.

17. Curing Machine Heat Press Machine
Curing the Print at required temperature
for proper fixation.
Heat press for smooth print
surface, foil attaching, sticker
transferring and soft hand feel.

18. Fusing machine
CNC machine for Mold Cutting
Cutting the mold on brass plate according
to design.
Fusing for smooth print surface, foil
attaching, sticker transferring and soft
hand feel.

19. Mold Transfer Machine Digital Weight Machine
Transfer the print on the fabric surface.
Weight the chemicals & Dyes
as per required.

20. Color Blending Machine
Viscosity Meter
Measure the Viscosity of the
mixing Chemicals.
Properly mix the chemicals and dyes.

21. Rubbing Machine Flock spray Machine
Check the color fastness to rubbing on
print.
Spray the flock on the Design.

22. Flock Suckering Machine
Removed the excess flock from the
fabric.
Quality Check Table
Check the Print Quality pcs to pcs.

23. PRINTING PROCESS

24. Work Process For Sample
Design room Color room
Receive the artwork
From Merchandiser
Study the artwork
Talk with Merchandiser
for Difficulties
Is it acceptable?
Print test
No
Yes

25. Work Process For Sample
Print test
Check Print
Quality(color
&design
Test according to buyer
standard
check
Quality
Print Sample & send to
merchandiser
Adjust according to
comments
No
Yes

26. Work Process For Sample
Record the print strike off
& technique
Is it approved ?
Send to bulk
production
Adjust according to
comments
No
Yes

27. Design Work
Make Correction
on Design
Received artwork
Check the required file
(Ai,PSD,TIFF etc) for
design making
Check the number of
color
make the design
Check the film
Send to expose
room
Is it ok ?
No
Yes

28. Screen Preparation
ready to use
Put the mesh on the
Frame
Stretch the mesh
Cut the out side MeshAdhesive on
the frame &
Dry
Dry
Clean the
frame
New Frame
Dry
Takeout the old
mesh
Clean the frame
Old Frame
Screen Preparation
Dry
Old Screen coated by bar
remover
wash by water Gun
Old machine Frame re-
use for 2/3 times
Adhesive on
the frame & Dry
Adhesive o n the frame &
Dry

29. Selection of Mesh
Mesh Count Manufacturer Print technique for use Design to apply for Facilities
60/inch Fangil Trading Company, Korea Glitter Soild Design Table
90/inch Fangil Trading Company, Korea Foil, Flock Soild Design Table
110/inch Fangil Trading Company, Korea Rubber, Pigment, Discharge, Plastisol Soild/dottedDesign Table
130/inch Fangil Trading Company, Korea Rubber, Pigment, Discharge, Plastisol Soild/ dotted Design Table
150/inch Fangil Trading Company, Korea Rubber, Pigment, Disccharge, Plastisol Soild/dottedDesign Table
180/inch Fangil Trading Company, Korea Pigment, Discharge, Plastisol DottedDesign Table
200/inch Fangil Trading Company, Korea Pigment, Discharge, Plastisol DottedDesign Table
43T/cm SAATI, Italy Rubber, Pigment, Discharge, Plastisol Soild Design Oval or Octopus
55T/cm SAATI, Italy Pigment, Discharge, Plastisol Soild/dottedDesign Oval or Octopus
62T/cm SAATI, Italy Pigment, Discharge, Plastisol Soild/dottedDesign Oval or Octopus
77T/cm SAATI, Italy Pigment, Discharge, Plastisol Dotted Design Oval or Octopus
90T/cm SAATI, Italy Pigment, Discharge, Plastisol Dotted Design Oval or Octopus
120T/cm SAATI, Italy Pigment, Disccharge, Plastisol Dotted Design Oval or Octopus

30. Expose Work
Make Plan on
Delivery Schedule
Select the
Required mesh
Attach the mesh
Wash Screen
Dry the screen
inside dryer
Apply emulsion on
the screen
Dry the screen
inside dryer
Collect the film
from design room
Dry the screen
inside dryer
Set the screen to
print by Engraver
or Film
Set the screen for
light expose
Wash the screen
Dry the Screen
Fill the Small pin
hole by emulsion
Apply hardener on
the screen
Attached gum tape
Ok for
Development

31. Chemicals Preparation
COLOR ROOM
Received artwork
Check color
Standard &
Chemical
Check Fabric
Quality
Select the color for
required fabric
Mix the color
Check color shade
on fabric
Keep record mixing
receipe
send to print
Sample
Adjustment the
Recipe Is it ok ?
No
Yes

32. Sample Stage
Proto/strike off
Sales man sample
Pending Point
Gold seal
Advance Sales man sample
S/off Approval for Bulk

33. Work Process for Production
Arrange the Screen, Chemicals, Patterns as per required
Received the fabric & counting pcs to pcs
Table Cleaning
Table Gumming
Measurement Marking
Panel laying
Printing one or more time (if necessary)
Collect the Approval s/off from sample
In line Quality checking
Fabric taken out from the table
Hanging (Depends on print types)
Curing
Finishing Checking
Heat press (if Required)
Delivery to Garments Cutting.
Drying one or more time (if necessary)

34. DIFFERENT TYPES OF
PRINT TECHNIQUE

35. Pigment Print
Design Making
Screen Making
Color Making
Fabric lay on Table
Screen Setting
Print (1 round 1/2 stroke)
Drying
Fabric takeout from Table
Curing (150˚CX2-5 min)

36. Rubber PrintDesign Making
Screen Making
Color Making
Screen Setting
Fabric lay on Table
Print (2/3 round 2-3 stroke)
Drying
Fabric takeout from Table
Natural Hanging(1-3 hour)
Curing(120˚-150˚CX2-5 min)

37. Discharge PrintDesign Making
Screen Making
Color Making
Fabric lay on Table
Screen Setting
Print (1 round 2-3 stroke)
Drying
Fabric takeout from Table
Curing(150˚-160˚CX3-5 min)

38. Foil Printing
Design Making
Screen Making
Foil Glue Making
Fabric lay on Table
Screen Setting
Print Foil glue (2-3 round 2-3 stroke)
Drying
Curing
Heat Press with foil
paper(140˚-160˚CX10-
30sec)
Remove Foil paper under
cool(10-15˚C)
Heat press again

39. Flock PrintingDesign Making
Screen Making
Flock Glue Making
Fabric lay on Table
Screen Setting
Print flock glue (2-3 round 2-3 stroke)
Flock spry on Design
Fabric takeout from Table
Natural hanging (2-4 hour)
Curing(150˚C X 6min)
Sucking Flock

40. Glitter Printing
Design Making
Screen Making
Under base & Glitter past Making
Fabric lay on Table
Screen Setting
Print under base (2-3 round 2-4 stroke)
Normal drying
Print glitter on top
(2-3 round 2-4 stroke)
Natural hanging (4-6 hour)
Curing(150˚C X 2-3min)
Heat Press if required

41. Puff Printing
Design Making
Screen Making
Puff Color Making
Fabric lay on Table
Screen Setting
Print (2-3 round 2-3 stroke)
Drying (air )
Natural hanging (2-4 hour)
Curing or heat press(150˚C X 2-3min)

42. High density Printing
Design Making
Screen Making
Color Making
Screen Setting
Fabric lay on Table
Print (4-6 round 2-3 stroke)
Drying
Fabric takeout from Table
Natural hanging(2-4hour)
Curing (150˚ X 4-5 min)
Heat Press if required

43. Injection Mold Printing
Mold Making
Color Making
Color filled in the mold
Mold Vacuuming
Fabric lay on Table
Mold place on the Fabric
Heat pressing
Fabric takeout from Table
Cooling

44. COMMON PROBLEM IN
PRINTING

45. Problem
•Uneven Color Shade
• Color Bleeding
• Base Color Show
• Hand Feel Hard
Problems in different Types of Print
Pigment Print
Corrective Action
• Proper Rectifying
• Applying Proper Temperature
and pressure if required.
Preventive Action
• Ensuring Proper Printing Technique
• Keep Clean the Fabric and Table Surface
• Proper Drying
• Using Required Binder
• Required Dyestuff should be Used
• Proper Fixation of the Color

46. Problem
•Pin Hole
• Bubble
• Out Line not Sharp
• Sticky Hand Feel
• Dust onto The Print
• Color Migration
• Cracking The Print
Problems in different Types of Print
Rubber Print
Corrective Action
•Proper Rectifying
• Applying Proper Temperature
and pressure if required.
Preventive Action
•Proper Drying
• Keep clean the Screen
• Air should not Present in the Print Paste
• Adequate Foaming Agent
• Adequate Water in the Print Paste
• Proper Curing
• Screen out Line Would be Sharp
• Required Viscosity of the Chemicals
• Fabric Surface should be Clean
• Required Binding and Fixing Agent should
be Used
• Working Area should be Clean

47. Problem
•Color Shade Problem due
to base color
• Hand Feel Hard
• Uneven Discharge
Problems in different Types of Print
Discharge Print
Corrective Action
• Proper Rectifying
• Applying Proper Temperature
and pressure if required.
Preventive Action
• Fabric should be Dischargeable
dyed.
• Required Discharging Agent should
be Used
• After Mixing the Discharging Agent
should not take more Time
• After Printing should not Late for
Curing
• Excess White Paste should not Used
in the Printing Paste

48. Problems in different Types of Print
Problem
•Uneven Flock
• Flock Light/Deep
• Flock pull up
• Miss attachment of gum
• Uneven surface may occurred
Flock Print
Corrective Action
•These types of problems
cannot be solved by Rectifying.
Preventive Action
•Attaching Adhesive Properly
• Proper selection of Flock color
• Standard Flock quality should
be maintain

49. Problems in different Types of Print
Problem
•Foil Missing
• Foil less shiny
Corrective Action
•Again Attached the Foil
paper
Foil Print
Preventive Action
•Proper Heat Press
• Maintaining the Viscosity
of Gum

50. Problems in different Types of Print
Problem
•Surface Hard
• Pull off
• Uneven Fixation
Glitter Print
Corrective Action
•Brushing
• Proper Rectifying
Preventive Action
•Over Drying
• Late Heat press
• Ensure Required Viscosity of the
Chemicals
• Required Binding and Fixing
Agent should be Used

51. Problems in different Types of Print
Problem
•Less Puffy
• Pull off
• Cracking
•Uneven surface
•Pin Hole
Puff Print
Corrective Action
•Curing more
•Heat press if required
Preventive Action
•Ensure the required puff
Agent
• Ensure the proper fixing
used

52. COMMON TEST IN PRINTING

53. Physical Test
• Wash Appearance Test
• Color Fastness to Rubbing
• Shrinkage Test

54. • Color Fastness to Water
• Color Fastness to Perspiration
• Color Fastness to Saliva( for baby product)
• Color Fastness to Chlorine Water
• Formaldehyde Test
• PH Value Test
• AZO Dye Test
Chemicals Test
• Phthalates Test
• APEO Test
• Nickel Release Test
• PVC Test
• Lead Test
• Organotin compounds Test

55. COMMON USED CHEMICALS

56. Chemicals Name And Brands
NAME Manufacturer
NK NR 151 HN Shin-nakamura Chemical Co.,Ltd.
NK NR 351 HN Shin-nakamura Chemical Co.,Ltd.
Orient Paste NR 251HN Shin-nakamura Chemical Co.,Ltd.
BR-1000 HN Shin-nakamura Chemical Co.,Ltd.
NK Binder R-5HN Shin-nakamura Chemical Co.,Ltd.
NK Resin ST60HN Shin-nakamura Chemical Co.,Ltd.
NK RESIN EH-HN Shin-nakamura Chemical Co.,Ltd.
Meibinder K-40 Shin-nakamura Chemical Co.,Ltd.
White NR 101HN New Shin-nakamura Chemical Co.,Ltd.
NK Copper EL-594 HN Shin-nakamura Chemical Co.,Ltd.
MEIKANATE TP -10 Meisei Chemical Works, ltd
PHOTOCURE TXR Murakami Screen(Singapore) Pte.Ltd.
SFX 001 SEREEN FIX Chaiyaboon Brothers
SFX 002 Chaiyaboon Brothers
SCREEN CLEAN/SSC001 Chaiyaboon Brothers
UNIBINDER YL -8G Unikasei Co.,Ltd.
BINDER B-7 Shin-nakamura Chemical Co.,Ltd.

57. Chemicals Name And Brands
NAME Manufacturer
AQUASOL TS Murakami Screen(Singapore) Pte.Ltd.
UNICOAT 105 Unikasei Co.,Ltd.
Binder CB-556 Shin-nakamura Chemical Co.,Ltd.
NK Sky Resin SP-37 Shin-nakamura Chemical Co.,Ltd.
Seikafix Black FLI Conc
Dainichiseika Color & Chemicals Mfg. Co. Ltd.,
Japan
Seikafix Orange FL R Conc
Dainichiseika Color & Chemicals Mfg. Co. Ltd.,
Japan
Seikafix Violet FL3R
Dainichiseika Color & Chemicals Mfg. Co. Ltd.,
Japan
Seikafix Red FL3 R-D
Dainichiseika Color & Chemicals Mfg. Co. Ltd.,
Japan
Seikafix Peacock Blue FL3G Conc
Dainichiseika Color & Chemicals Mfg. Co. Ltd.,
Japan
Seikafix Blue FLG B Conc
Dainichiseika Color & Chemicals Mfg. Co. Ltd.,
Japan

58. Chemicals Name And Brands
NAME Manufacturer
Seikafix Golden Yellow FL3 R Conc
Dainichiseika Color & Chemicals Mfg. Co. Ltd.,
Japan
Seikafix Golden Yellow FL5 R Conc
Dainichiseika Color & Chemicals Mfg. Co. Ltd.,
Japan
Seikafix Navy Blue FL3R Conc
Dainichiseika Color & Chemicals Mfg. Co. Ltd.,
Japan
Seikafix Green FLB Conc
Dainichiseika Color & Chemicals Mfg. Co. Ltd.,
Japan
Seikafix BLUE FLB CONC
Dainichiseika Color & Chemicals Mfg. Co. Ltd.,
Japan
Seikafix RED FL3G CONC
Dainichiseika Color & Chemicals Mfg. Co. Ltd.,
Japan
SW 13 Red Sinloihi Co.,Ltd.
SW 14N Orange Sinloihi Co.,Ltd.
SW 15N Lemon Yellow Sinloihi Co.,Ltd.
SW 27 Rose Sinloihi Co.,Ltd.
SW 37 Rubine Sinloihi Co.,Ltd.

59. Chemicals Name And Brands
NAME Manufacturer
SW 47 Violet Sinloihi Co.,Ltd.
SW 28 Blue Sinloihi Co.,Ltd.
SW - 112 N GREEN Sinloihi Co.,Ltd.
Tubiscreen GD200 CHT
PRINTPERFECT LAC 110 NEU CHT
PUMA CLEAR CHT
PUMA FIX LT CHT
PUMA FLOCK ADHASIVE CHT
PUMA GLOSS CHT
PUMA OPAQUE CHT
PUMA WHITE CHT
SILVER SAVE CHT
PUMA OPAQUE FC CHT
PUMA FLOCK ADHASIVE WHITE CHT
Tubiprint White -K-80 CHT
Tubiprint White -500 AV CHT

60. Chemicals Name And Brands
NAME Manufacturer
Bezema Blue RR BEZEMA
Bezema Green BT BEZEMA
Bezema Red HBB BEZEMA
Bezema Violet KB BEZEMA
Bezema Yellow 3GT BEZEMA
Bezema Yellow RR BEZEMA
Bezaprint Black DW BEZEMA
Bezaprint Navy B-WN BEZEMA
Bezaprint Red KF BEZEMA
Bezaprint Violet FB BEZEMA
BEZAFLUOR RED R BEZEMA
BEZAFLOUR ORANGE R BEZEMA
BEZAPRINT BLUE TB BEZEMA
BEZA PRINT TURQUIES GT BEZEMA
BEZA PRINT PINK BB BEZEMA
BEZA FLOUR VIOLET BR BEZEMA
BEZAPRINT PINK DW BEZEMA
BEZAPRINT BROWN LL BEZEMA

61. Chemicals Name And Brands
NAME Manufacturer
Clear E-PG AC Asutex
Asumin E-DMS Asutex
Asulit E-RE/P Asutex
Asulak Silver 7 Asutex
Catalizador E-PF Asutex
ASU PRINT E- FOSFOR Asutex
ASUCRYAL E AP-50 Asutex
ASUPRINT EPGE-ECO Asutex
Returdent GEL Asutex
ECO SOFT CRACK BASE PASTE CB 250 Soft Chemicals s.r.l.
ECO SOFT CRACK CLEAR PASTE CC 250 Soft Chemicals s.r.l.
ECO SOFT CRACK WHITE PASTE CF 250 Soft Chemicals s.r.l.
Magna Print FF Magna Colours Ltd.
MAGNA DISCHARGE SUPER WHITE AB AW NJ Magna Colours Ltd.
MAGNAPRINT ACTIVATOR AB Magna Colours Ltd.
CROSSLINKER - 100 Magna Colours Ltd.
MAGNAPRINT DISCHARGE BASE AB AW Magna Colours Ltd.
KSHL TEX 500 AP Magna Colours Ltd.

62. Chemicals Manufactures Name And Origin
•CHT, GERMANY.
• BEZEMA, SWITZERLAND.
• SHIN-NAKAMURA CHEMICAL CO.,LTD. JAPAN.
• DAINICHISEIKA COLOR & CHEMICALS MFG. CO. LTD., JAPAN.
• SINLOIHI CO.,LTD.JAPAN.

63. Chemicals Manufactures Name And Origin
•ASUTEX,SPAIN.
• SOFT CHEMICALS S.R.L.ITALY.
• MAGNA COLORS LTD. UK.
• UNIKASEI CO.,LTD.