This document discusses rheumatic fever and rheumatic heart disease. It notes that susceptibility to rheumatic fever is partly hereditary, with certain HLA alleles being associated with increased or decreased susceptibility. Initial damage is caused by streptococcal bacteria invading epithelial tissues, though not through molecular mimicry. Common symptoms include chorea, indolent carditis, and valvular damage, which is a hallmark of rheumatic heart disease. Prolonged PR interval and softening of the first heart sound may also be seen. While bed rest was once recommended, medications are now preferred to control symptoms, and antibiotics are given long-term to prevent recurrence.