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mg annt ppt.pptx
1. Design of Box Types Solar Cooker
Title Defense
DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
Presented by
Mg Antt Htoo Han
Supervised by
Daw Zar Zar Thinn
2. Outline of Presentations
❖Introduction
❖Aim and Objectives
❖Literature Review
❖Types of Solar Cooker
❖Working principle of Solar Cooker
❖Advantages of Solar Cooker
❖Disadvantages of Solar Cooker
❖Theory of Solar Cooker
❖Future Plan
3. Introduction
‣A solar cooker is a device that uses heat energy from the sun to cook food.
‣One of the energies that benefits naturally all the people & animals around the world is the solar
energy.
‣It is the most abundant energy source on the earth.
‣It is also a non-polluting source of energy.
4. Aim and Objectives
Aim and Objectives of Solar Cooker
Aim
To design of box type solar cooker by solar energy
Objectives
To cook food by using solar energy
To reduce the traditional stoves
To protect the local environment and pollution
To reduce smoke inhalation
5. Literature Review
❖Elamin O.M. Akay investigated the design, construction and performance evaluation of solar cookers in Sudan.
❖Reddy and Rao showed that the performance of conventional box solar cooker can be improved by better
designs of cooking vessels with proper understanding of 11 the heat flow to the material to be cooked.
Binark and Tudrkmen reported thermal analysis of a hot box solar cooker manufactured
at Istanbul Technical University (I.T.U-2) by using the forth-order Runge-Kutta method.
6. Types of Solar Cooker
There are three types of solar cookers:
(a) panel solar cooker,
(b) box solar cooker,
(c) parabolic solar cooker
7. (a) panel solar cooker (b) box solar cooker, (c) parabolic solar cooke
8. Panel Cooker
‣The panel cooker is the least expensive type of solar cooker.
‣ It can reach temperature up to 250°F (121°C).
‣It can be folded into a 30×30 cm (12×12 inch) square for easy transportation and storage,
marking it an ideal design for stressed, mobile population.
9. Box Solar Cooker
‣This type of solar cooker consists of an insulated box made of cardboard, wood, metal or plastic.
‣It is painted black on the inside and has a large glass on top to let in sunlight.
‣It can reach temperature up to 350°F (177°C).
10. Parabolic Solar Cooker
‣Parabolic solar cookers operate at a much higher temperature than panel and box cookers.
‣They focus a narrow beam of sunlight on the bottom of a cooking pot that sits on a metal stand.
‣This light instantly generates temperatures as high as 450°F500°F (232°C-260°C).
11. ‣ The solar cooker placed in sunlight and a plane mirror reflector.
‣ So, the strong beam of sunlight enters the box through the glass sheet.
‣ The black metal surface in the box absorb infrared radiation from the beam of
sunlight and heat produced the temperature.
12. The advantages of solar cookers are
1. Solar cookers save money and fuel
2. Solar cookers save time
3. Solar cookers can be made from locally available and recycled materials
4. Solar cookers are safe, healthy and convenient
5. Solar cookers can kill disease-causing organisms in water
6. Traditional foods can be prepared with solar cookers
7. Solar cookers are easy to transport
8. Solar cookers preserve trees, the atmosphere and the soil.
13. ‣ Cooking has to be done outdoor and cook has to stand in sunlight for long
time.
‣ It can not used in rainy or cloudy days.
‣ It can not cook all kind of foods .
‣ It can not used every where on the earth.
14. Theory of Solar Cooker
Zenith Angle (θz)
The angle between sun’s ray and perpendicular line to the horizontal plane is
called zenith angle. The solar zenith angle θz is form,
𝜃𝑧=cos−1[sin 𝜆 sin 𝛿+cos 𝜆 cos ߜ cos ω]
Where, θ=solar zenith angle, (degree)
λ=local latitude, (degree)
ߜ=solar declination (degree)
ω=solar hour angle (h)
15. • Declination Angle (δ)
• An angle between the sun’s rays and a plane passing through the equator is
declination angle.
• ߜ= 23.45sin[
360
365
(284+n)]
• Where, n is the total number of days counted from first January till the date of
calculation. (i.e., n=1 for January 1, n=32 for February 1, etc.)
16. Latitude ( λ )
• The latitude of a location is the angle made by the radial line joining the given
location to the center of the earth with its projection plane. It is considered as
positive on the north of the equator. It is measured in degree.
17. Hour Angle (ω)
It is angular displacement of the sun from noon. It can be expressed by
ω=15ℎ−1(𝑡𝑠𝑜𝑙𝑎𝑟 −12)
Where
ω=positive in the evening and negative in the morning.
19. Continued:
The constant 𝑎𝑜
∗
, 𝑎1
∗
and 𝑘∗
for 23 km visibility standard atmosphere are
𝑎𝑜
∗
= 0.4237-0.00821(6 - H) 2
𝑎1
∗
= 0.5055+0.00595(6.5 - H) 2
𝑘∗
= 0.2711+0.01858(2.5 - H) 2
Where,
n = the day of the year which varies from n = 1 to n = 365.
H = elevation above sea level [km], and
r0, r1, rk = the correction factors
20. Continued:
• Diffuse radiation,
• Id= [0.2710Io,eff - 0.2939 Ib] cos 𝜃𝑧
• The total solar radiation incident on the surface,
• 𝐼𝑇= Ib + Id
• The reflected energy from the absorber,
• 𝑄𝑝= ρ τ𝐼𝑇𝐴𝑐
• Where, 𝑄ρ = reflected energy from the absorber,
• ρ = the reflection coefficient of the absorber
• τ = the transmittance of the glazing
• 𝐼𝑇 = total solar radiation
• 𝐴𝑐 = collector area
21. Solar Constant
• The radiation emitted by the sun is nearly constant. The intensity of
this radiation can be characterized by the solar constant.
• Io,eff = Io [1+0.033cos (
360 ×𝑛
365.25
)]
• Where, n =the day of year after 1 January
• Io =the solar constant, W/m2
22. • Efficiency of Flat-Plate Collector
• 𝜂 𝑐
=
𝑄𝑢
𝐴𝑐𝐼
• Where, 𝑄𝑢 =actual useful gain
• 𝐴𝑐 =collector area
• I =total incident solar energy input to the collector
• The useful heat gain rate can be expressed as:
• 𝑄𝑢 = 𝑚𝑐𝑝[ 𝑇𝑓 − 𝑇𝑖 ]
• Where, m =mass flow rate, kg/s
• 𝑄𝑢 =useful heat gain rate,
𝑐𝑝 =specific heat capacity of food, J/kg K
𝑇𝑓 =final temperature of food, °C
• 𝑇𝑖 =initial temperature of food, °C
23. Cooking Power
• P=
𝑇𝑓 − 𝑇𝑖
𝑡
𝑚𝑐𝑝
• Where,
• P=cooking power
𝑇𝑓 =final temperature of food
𝑇𝑖 =initial temperature of food
• t=time (s)
• m=mass flow rate, (kg/s)
• 𝑐𝑝 =specific heat capacity of food (J/kg K)
24. ‣ To calculate the theory of the box types solar cooker.
