Contrary to popular belief, AI is much more sophisticated than If-else statements

1. AI: More than If-else
statement
—
Qamar un Nisa
Developer Advocacy Leader
North, East and West
Africa

2. AI is everywhere - with
the rise of Social Media,
Smart devices etc. It is
impossible to avoid AI in
our lives today.
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AI: More than If- Else statement/ April 2, 2021 / © 2021 IBM Corporation

3. Communication agents,
widely known as chatbots
like Siri, Google Assistant
etc.
Simple but hidden;
autocorrect and word
prediction in our phones
and MS word.
LinkedIn/Facebook
suggests jobs and people
to connect with.
Google spams and
categorizes email. Good
map analyzes speed of
movement of traffic.
Youtube/Netflix
recommends most popular
videos/movies to users
based on various factors
like rating, user patterns
etc.
We interact with AI
daily.
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AI: More than If- Else statement/ April 2, 2021 / © 2021 IBM Corporation

4. All Machine Learning
is Artificial
Intelligence, but
not all Artificial
Intelligence is
Machine Learning.
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AI: More than If- Else statement/ April 2, 2021 / © 2021 IBM Corporation

5. Data that is generated
is of various types.
Group Name / DOC ID / Month XX, 2018 / © 2018 IBM Corporation 5
Manager: “Hi, how are you?”
Karen: “I am fine. Thanks”
Manager: “Good to know, how
can I help you today?”
AI: More than If- Else statement/ April 2, 2021 / © 2021 IBM Corporation

6. Titanic Dataset
Group Name / DOC ID / Month XX, 2018 / © 2018 IBM Corporation 6
Passenger class:
1
2
3
Gender:
Male
Female
Age:
1-92
Embarked:
S
C
Q
Survived:
0
1
AI: More than If- Else statement/ April 2, 2021 / © 2021 IBM Corporation

7. Modeling through IF-else
Too many if-else statements to code!
7
Pclass = 1
Pclass = 2
Pclass = 3
Gender = female
Gender = male
Age= 0-10
Age= 11-20
Age= 21-30
Age= 31-40
Age= 41-50
Age= 51-60
Age= 61-70
Age= 71-80
Age= 81-90
Embarked= S
Embarked= C
Embarked= Q
Survived= 0 or 1
AI: More than If- Else statement/ April 2, 2021 / © 2021 IBM Corporation

8. Modeling through Decision
Tree
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= 1 – (1/# Classes)
- Gini index is a splitting criteria in
Decision Tree.
- Calculate Gini index of every column.
- Choose the column with lowest Gini
Index.
AI: More than If- Else statement/ April 2, 2021 / © 2021 IBM Corporation

9. Modeling through Decision
Tree
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AI: More than If- Else statement/ April 2, 2021 / © 2021 IBM Corporation

10. Modeling through IF-else
Prone to Errors!
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AI: More than If- Else statement/ April 2, 2021 / © 2021 IBM Corporation

11. Modeling through Decision Tree
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AI: More than If- Else statement/ April 2, 2021 / © 2021 IBM Corporation

12. Modeling through IF-else
Error on unseen Data!
12
Passenger Class 1, male aged 92 years wasn’t in my data when I was modeling IF-else statements. So there is no if statement
for 92 years age. Hence error. Meanwhile, AI adjusts to unseen data and still makes prediction.
AI has predicted that PassengedId 306 survives
AI: More than If- Else statement/ April 2, 2021 / © 2021 IBM Corporation

13. ML is just Mathematics/Statistics!!
13
Often argued that AI or
ML is just mathematics
or statistics.
But it is much more
than that because of
Big Data and Deep
learning models.
AI: More than If- Else statement/ April 2, 2021 / © 2021 IBM Corporation

14. Why you can’t just use If-else statements
instead of AI
1. Can't make rules for everything
2. Rules are limited and don’t have 360 view of all data and gives
3. error on unseen data.
4. Processing power matters and optimized code used in industry
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AI: More than If- Else statement/ April 2, 2021 / © 2021 IBM Corporation

15. AI: More than If- Else statement/ April 2, 2021 / © 2021 IBM Corporation 15