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2013秋h研最終発表(生物学的自然主義)
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2013秋h研最終発表(生物学的自然主義)
1.
~解消される心身問題~ 環境情報学部2年 pepon
2.
発表内容 ・二元論の困難 ・唯物論の困難 ・「誤った前提」の分析 ・J.Searle の生物学的自然主義
3.
二元論の批判 中間発表では Descartes の実体二元論に対す る反論をまとめた ・心物因果 ・知覚 ・動物の心…etc
4.
唯物論とは 心の哲学で二元論に対立する学説 中でもコンピュータ機能主義は最有力 心身問題は全て解決したかに思えた… 唯一存在するものは物理的なものだけである
5.
唯物論の批判 唯物論にも多くの反論がある ・「コウモリであるとはどういうことか?」 ・スーパー科学者マリー ・中国語の部屋 by T. Nagel by
F. Jackson by J. Searle
6.
批判の要点 思考実験群の共通の要点はシンプル 一人称的存在論と三人称的存在論 BLUE BLUE BLUE
7.
二元論と唯物論の矛盾 どちらも「誤り」か? いや、どちらも正しいのでは….? 唯一存在するものは物理的なものだけである 意識・志向性のような還元できない存在
8.
伝統的「用語」の分析 共通の「前提となる用語」を分析する 物理 的
9.
心的・物理的の区別 心的存在 物理的存在 主観的 客観的 質的
量的 志向性がある 志向性がない 空間的広がりをもたない 空間的広がりをもつ 物理的に説明不可能 物理学で説明可能 因果的に作用しない 因果的に作用する
10.
還元の概念 実は曖昧な概念 消去的 非消去 因果的
存在論 還元
11.
生物学的自然主義 J.Searle の「解消」案 意識はニューロンの発火による ニューロンで構成される脳で現実化 唯物論 二元論
12.
意識状態とは... ・現実世界における現実の現象である ・神経生物学的な過程によって発生 ・脳組織の性質として現実化 ・因果的に機能する
13.
心身問題の「解消」 これらの用語は対立を含意している 心的・物理的という「形而上学的」区別 因果的還元・存在論的還元 の区別 一人称的存在論・三人称的存在論の区別
14.
問題の消滅、解消 前期 Wittgenstein 的な哲学 „
Die Lösung des Problems des Lebens merkt man am Verschwinden dieses Problems. “ Tractatus logico-philosophicus, 6.521 言語の分析によって問題は「解消」 意識の因果的還元は可能 意識の存在論的還元は不可能
15.
結び ・二元論、唯物論は共に困難 ・その困難は「前提」の混乱による ・伝統的哲学用語から卒業せよ ・生物学的自然主義による「解消」 ・心身問題の「消滅」
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