3. Family Planning
The use of education and birth control to
limit the number of offspring and the
population of a country.
4. Types of family planning
Hormonal
Barrier
Intrauterine devices
Surgical (Sterilisation)
Information based methods
5. Hormonal
Combined pills- contains oestrogen and
progesterone hormones.
o Not for use in smokers over 35 years
o May raise blood pressure. It cannot be used while
breast feeding.
Progestogen pills only -May cause menstrual
irregularity. May be used in hypertension and
breastfeeding.
Depot injections - given once every 3 months and
99.7% effective.
6. Hormonal…
Implants ( Norplant)- plastic capsules the size of
match sticks filled with hormone ( 2 capsules for 3
and 6 capsules for 5 years) and 99.95% effective
rate.
Emergency oral -reduce chance of pregnancy by
75-84% if taken within 72 hours (i.e. 3 days) of
unprotected sex. Usually 2 pills taken 12 hourly
and not recommended as a regular form of birth
control.
7. Barrier methods
Diaphragm- inserted up to 18 hours before
intercourse and can be left for 24 hours. Its rubber
fitted inside vagina by doctor/nurse and effective
80%.
Cervical Cap- must be left in body 6 hours after
sexual intercourse and 91% effective.
Condoms-effective 88% and when used with
spermicides its effective 99%.
8. Barrier methods…
Female condoms-effective 79%.
Spermicides-are chemicals which kill sperms in
vagina and are effective 76%. They are in
jelly,foam and suppository forms
9. Intrauterine devices
Includes copper coils for 10years (blocks sperms)
and progestasert for 1 year (releases hormones
for one year).
Must be on period during insertion
Effective 97%.
Contraindications
Unexplained vaginal bleeding
PID or recent PID
IUD
10. Sterilisation
Vasectomy –cutting and ties off the vas ductus
deferens tubes in male. A man retains his sex drive
because the testosterone continues to be produced.
Tubal ligation- cutting and ties off the fallopian
tubes in Female. Many experience heavy MPs.
11. Information based methods
Withdrawal (coitus interrruptus)
Abstinence
Fertility awareness method (safe days
method)
Natural (rythm beads method)
Abstinence
