Desise

1. Gall bladder diseases

2. The gallbladder is a small
muscular bag located under
the liver in the upper right
region of the abdomen with
one opening from the top that
connects it to a short tube
branching from a long duct
that comes from the liver to
the first part of the small
intestine, or the so-called
duodenum.

3. Gallbladder connects three
organs of your body: the
liver, gallbladder, and small
intestine

4. Liver cells continuously secrete a viscous liquid with a greenish-
golden color and a bitter taste called bile to play an important role
in the digestion and absorption of fatty substances and
cholesterol, as well as the absorption of fat-soluble vitamins .
The gallbladder collects and stores bile and increases its
concentration (the liver secretes 600-800 ml of bile, the
gallbladder concentrates it to 40-70 ml/day).
Bile: acids + bile pigments + water + cholesterol + lecithin
Bilirubin (breakdown of RBC)

5. When a person eats and food reaches the intestine, the lining of
the intestine tells the gallbladder that it needs the juice that it has
preserved.
This is done through an immediate chemical message represented
by the hormone cholecystokinin, which is secreted by the lining
of the intestine and is transmitted through the blood to the
gallbladder.

6. 1- Acute inflammation of Gallbladder
(Cholecystitis)

7. 1- The presence of stones that block the duct connecting the
gallbladder to the general bile tube and lead to scratching the
wall.
2- Transfer of germs from the duodenum to the gallbladder
(Salmonella germ).
Reasons

8. Factors causing acute cholecystitis
 Diabetes
 pregnancy
 Weight gain and rapid weight loss
 Person undergoing surgery
 heart disease
 AIDS

9. Symptoms
1- Severe sharp pain in the right region of the upper abdomen that may
reach the right shoulder joint. (The pain may last more than 6 h.)
2- A slight rise in temperature
3- Nausea, vomiting and indigestion
4- Yolk of eyes and skin may be present in 15% of patients.
5- When the doctor puts his hand in the right region of the upper abdomen
and then asks the patient to take a deep inhale, the patient cannot complete
this inhale because of the pain, and this matter must also not be present in the
left region above the abdomen.

10. These symptoms may be caused by other diseases, not the
gallbladder, such as:
 Peptic ulcer
 Acute Hepatitis
 pancreatitis
 Right kidney stone
 acute renal colic ‫مغص‬

11. 2- Chronic
Cholecystitis

12. Two type of cholecystitis
1- Such as acute inflammation (where
the patient complains of pain in the
right side of the abdomen to the point
where it is difficult to touch + high
temperature), and here the patient
complains in a continuous and
permanent.
We found that the patient with chronic
cholecystitis complains of a number of
symptoms when he eats a fatty meal
such as butter and fats
2- The patient is often
obese and feels digestive
disturbances + always
feels full and bloated + the
presence of acidity in the
stomach after eating fatty
foods.
It is often accompanied by
stones

14. Treatment
1- Eat easy-to-digest meals + reduce fat to 15% of total calories
to prevent gallbladder contraction
2- Avoid sulfur foods (cabbage, cauliflower, radish, onions, green
peppers), spices, pickles, beans, legumes, eggplant,
watermelon , cantaloupe and fried foods
‫الدهون‬ ‫تجنب‬ ‫الي‬ ‫نلجأ‬ ‫ال‬
‫نهائيا‬
‫االلم‬ ‫في‬ ‫التسبب‬ ‫بدون‬ ‫ولكن‬ ‫وظائفها‬ ‫اداء‬ ‫في‬ ‫المرارة‬ ‫تستمر‬ ‫حتي‬

15. 3- Gall stones
(Cholelithiasis )

16. Gallstones :
are the presence of solid bodies in the bile, and it is a very
common disease in both sexes, but it is more common in
women ( estrogen hormone raise the level of cholesterol) than
in men (1:3). It is more common with age.

17. Reasons:
 Genetic predisposition
 Obesity (morbidity), Rapid weight reduction
 Increased cholesterol , low fiber diet, high fatty diet
 Contraceptive drugs
 Lack of bile emptying and increase in its density due to lack of drinking
fluids or increased retention in the gallbladder ( due to some diseases:
diabetes, oral contraceptive, fasting for long periods )
 Infection of the ducts that transport bile from the liver to the intestines with
some bacteria, such as Escherichia coli, or with some parasites.

19. Stones (cholesterol)
Cholesterol is deposited in the bile due to (insufficient lecithin),
which maintains cholesterol in liquid form.
Stones (bile salts)
When the bile salts are increased too much, it leads to its
precipitation- It's black

20. Symptoms
1- The same symptoms of cholecystitis
2- In the event of a lack of bile secretion, the patient will develop
yellowing in color and Steatorrhea
‫اعطاء‬ ‫من‬ ‫التاكد‬ ‫يجب‬ ‫الدهني‬ ‫االسهال‬ ‫حالة‬ ‫في‬Fat soluble vitamins ‫طريق‬ ‫عن‬
‫االدوية‬

21. Treatment
1- If there is surgery (determine the fat before the operation to
prevent constriction of the bile duct, it is preferable to give 20 g of
fat and then increase to 50 g / day when improvement).
2- If the patient has obesity (the operation is postponed until the
weight is lost)
4- Small and frequent meals
5- Avoid foods (roasted - filling - full fat - eggs (one per day).
‫حركتها‬ ‫من‬ ‫والتاكد‬ ‫االمعاء‬ ‫صوت‬ ‫سماع‬ ‫بمجرد‬ ‫الفم‬ ‫طريق‬ ‫عن‬ ‫التغذية‬ ‫يبدأ‬ ‫المرارة‬ ‫استئصال‬ ‫حالة‬ ‫في‬