1. WAI LECTURE 2
CIVIL INTELLIGENCEGATHERING AND INFORMATION MANAGEMENT
‘THE WAI BRIGADEPERSPECTIVE’, BY CHIEF SUPERINTENDENT OKOLIESEBASTINE. (P.S.OEDUCATION.)ON THE4TH
CAMPING PROGRAMMEOF WAI BRIGADENIGERIA, LAGOS STATECOMMND 2016
INTRODUCTION
Intelligenceis derived from the Latin verb intelligere,whichis to comprehendor perceive.
Intelligencehas generallybeen described by differentScholarsas the abilityto perceive
and/orretain knowledgeor informationandapplyit to itselfor other instancesof
knowledgeor informationcreatingreferableunderstandingmodelsofany size,density or
complexity,due to anyconsciousor subconsciousimposedwill orinstructionto do so.
Intelligenceis mostwidely studiedin humansbuthas equallybeen observed inNon human
animals.
And informationisthatwhich informsi.e. That fromwhich datacan be derived. At its most
fundamental,informationisanypropagationofcauseandeffect withina system.
Informationisconveyed either as the content of a message or throughdirect or indirect
observationofsomething. That which isperceived can be construedas a message inits
own right,and inthat sense, informationisalwaysconveyed asthe content ofa message.
Information canbe encoded into various formsfor transmissionandinterpretation.
Information canbe encoded into signsandtransmittedvia signals.
 Information resolvesuncertainty.Theuncertainty of an eventis measured by its probability
of occurrence and is inversely proportionalto that.The moreuncertain an event,the more
information isrequired to resolve uncertainty of thatevent.The conceptthatinformation is
the messagehasdifferentmeaningsin differentcontexts.This,theconceptof information
becomesclosely related to notionsof constraint,communication,control,data form,
instruction,knowledge,meaning,understanding,mentalstimuli,pattern,perception,
representation and entropy. Forany organization to effectively gatherintelligence and
manageitsinformation properly,itmustadoptthe managementskillsin businessand
organization which isthe art thatcoordinatestheeffortsof peopleto accomplish goalsand
objectivesusing availableresourcesefficiently and effectively.
AIM:
The aim of this presentation isto critically look atmethodsof intelligence gathering and
relate it withthe managementof information;asboth intelligenceand information are
related,as oneis a process thatlead to the other.It is alsointendedtoenhance the
applicationof intelligence gatheringabilityof officersof WAIBRIGADEin the performance of
theirdailyactivities.
SCOPE:
This paperwill attemptto cover;

2.  Definition of terms;
 Sourcesof information gathering;
 Principles of information collection;
 Meansof intelligence gathering;
 Intelligence cycle principle;
 Level of intelligence;
 Information management;and
 Conclusion.
DEFINITION OFTERMS:
INTELLIGENCE
Intelligence hasequally been defined in many differentwaysasa term of ones capacity for
logic, abstractthought,understanding,self – awareness,communication,learning,
emotionalknowledge,memory,planning,creativity and problemsolving.Regardlessof
which aspect of intelligence one hasin mind,product,process,mission or organization,the
bottomline is that good governmentaldecision rely on accurate,complete,unbiased and
timely information aboutthecapabilitiesand intentionsof an enemy or a subversivegroup.
INFORMATION
Information isalso an unevaluated material of every description including thatderived from
observations,reports,rumour,imagery and othersourceswhich when processed may produce
intelligence. So simply put,information isthe raw material while intelligence is the finished
productready foruseby the consumer.
INFORMATIONMANAGEMENT
Information Managementon theotherhand,isthe collation and managementof
information fromoneormore sourcesand distribution of thatinformation to oneormore
audiences.Thissometime involvesthosewho havea stakein ora right to thatinformation.
The Wikipedia free encyclopedia definesit asa corporateresponsibility thatneedsto be
addressed and followed fromtheuppermostseniorlevels of managementto thefrontline
worker.Organization mustbe held and musthold its employeesaccountableto capture,
manage,store,share,preserveand deliverinformation appropriately and responsibly.
MANAGEMENT
Managementmeanstheorganization and controlovertheplanning,structureand
organization,controlling,processing,evaluatingand reporting of information activitiesin
orderto meet clients’ objectivesand to enable cooperatefunctionsin thedelivery of
information.

3. SOURCESOF INFORMATIONGATHERING
 Interview;
 Surveillance;
 Elicitation;
 Record examination;
 Forensicanalysis;
 Arrest and searches;
 Agents(informants);
 Interrogation;
 Investigation/Questioning of suspects;
 Issuing of Questionnaires;
 Organized communityforums/Town hallmeetings;
 Espionage;
 Pastrecord analysis;
 Media etc.
PRINCIPLESOF IMFORMATION COLLECTION:
 Planning;
 Exploitation of all sources;
 Time;
 Relevancy;
 Control;
 Access;and
 Flexibility
MEANS OF INTELLIGENCEGATHERING:
 Coverthuman intelligence source,theseare agentswho arenon membersof the
organization;
 Directed surveillance which involvesobserving target;
 Interception of communication;

4.  Intrusivesurveillancei.e. eavesdropping in someoneshome,caretc;
 Human intelligence which is derived fromhuman sources,synonymousto espionageand
clandestineactivities; and
 Signalintelligence derived fromsignal interception (communication intelligence,electronic
intelligence, foreign instrumentation,signalintelligence(radar) etc.
INTELLIGENCE GATHERING PRINCIPLES: Collection.Analysisand Processing.Production.
Dissemination
LEVELS OFINTELLIGENCE
Intelligences arein variouslevel and theseare;
i. Strategic(National),thisdiscusstheinformation aboutcapabilitiesand intentionsof foreign
countries;
ii. Tactical which is operationalorcombatintelligence, information required by military field
Commanders;and
iii. Counterintelligence, which is aimed at protecting and maintaining thesecrecy of a country’s
intelligence operation.
iv. INFORMATIONMANAGEMENT
Information managementisthecollection and managementof information fromoneor
moresourcesand distribution of that information to oneormore audiences.Thissometimes
involvesthosewho havea stakein or a right to that information.So information
managementisabout;
v. Management;
vi. Storing;
vii. Share;
viii. Preserve;and
ix. Appropriateinformation delivery.
For informationmanagement,wemustensurethat;
The covertsource (agent) who isthe sourceof information isprotected fromexposure.
Indiscriminatedissemination of information orintelligenceshould be adequately guardednot
to unduly endangeran informant/agent/source;
Properrecruitmentprocessshould be adopted to ensurethatthe rightpersonsare recruited
into theorganization;

5. Also,there should bea propervetting of staff already recruited into thesector and where
information managementisinvolved,thepersonsso entrusted to handledocumentshould
be with proven integrity;
The registry departmentorrecord officeshould be staffed with properly vetted personswho
are well trained in documentorrecord handling;
x. The transmission of information should bedoneusing themostappropriatemedium/means;
xi. Information/intelligenceto be disseminated should beclassified (Top Secret,Secret,
Confidential,Restricted);
xii. The principle of need to knowin information managementisvery vital to any organization.
When a restriction order is placed,a staff fromtheonsetknowshis/herlimit to having access
to a document.Theneed to know,takeand retain principle should be adopted;
xiii. The addressing mustbeclear and unambiguous,so thatthedisseminated information does
notget into the wrong hands, which may eitherdestroy it or giveit to a rival organization.
CONCLUSION
In conclusion,itwill be appropriateto state that intelligence gathering is key to any organization, be
it securitybody,business,foreign policy,technology advancement etc when the right intelligence are
obtained ,analyzed and properly utilized to the advantageof thesector,theagency concerned will be
better off in all ramifications. Organization is bound to succeed if the right intelligence are gathered
and utilized for policy formulations. Since information brings about intelligence, the proper
management of such information is equally key and vital. For successful information management,
the right personnel/staff must be charged with the handling of the information or document. If
proper selection of staff is not done, then the sector stand to lose to its competitors, should he
becomean agentforthe opponent? Itisbetter to manageinformation very wellforthe benefitof the
sector you represent. And above all, training and retraining of staff should not be compromised
because knowledge is vital to planning. Every WAI BRIGADE OFFICER is by this training expected to
havea clear perception of how to engagein intelligence gathering asthis is the role you are expected
to play in the re-positioning of this uniformed Para-military organization. You must report
suspicious activity.. Describe specifically what you observed, including:
 Who or what you saw;
 When you saw it;
 Where it occurred; and
 Why it's suspicious.
‘’IF YOUSEE SOMETHING ,SAYSOMETHING’’
THANK YOU FOR LISTENING AND ANY QUESTIONS?