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Capstone presentation obumneke amadi
- 7. Hygiene Education : school & home practice
- 14. % 100 90 80 70 57.9 60 66.5 51.5 48.5 50 51.1 40 76.3 30 32 58 20 23.1 10 10 0 0 adult literacy youth literacy adult English youth English Improved water Unimproved water sanitation drinking water hygiene hygiene WBDs educ; educ; Lang; Lang; sources sources HL(U&R) HL(U&R) promo; U promo; R A,B,C Acronyms: WBDs = A: Cholera; B: Diarrhea; C: Dysentry: Lang = Language HL = Health Literacy U = Urban: R = Rural Promo = promotion N/B the chart is a snap shot of the sub total percentage of the prevalence of safe water recommendation criteria's for the project. Source: (Appendices A-1)
- 18. , sanitation, and basic health care.” (Institute Water for Africa, 2014)
- 19. References
Editor's Notes
- GOOD EVENING DR J AND EVERYONE, THE TOPIC OF MY CAPSTONE PRESNTATION IS The Association between Health Literacy Levels, Education and the Recommendations of Water Borne Illness Prevention for Safe Water in Nigeria.
- I START BY SHOWING THE MAP OF Nigeria and the faces of safe drinking water pictures. My interest in this project is to uncover the barriers to obtaining safe water in a generation of high technology which is not only used in developed countries but have also extended to developing countries through education, knowledge and advance equipment.
- Intoduction: As we all are aware that safe water problem is a general and global issues of both developed and developing nations. Education and infrastructures that promote sustainable quality of life such as drinking safe water are limited in African nations like Nigeria due to the poor economic conditions thereby putting the population at risk of WBDs, chronic illnesses and sudden death. However unsafe water is the cause of water borne diseases that leads to chronic illnesses. Institute Water for Africa. (2014). Water and health. Retrieved from http://www.water-for-africa.org/en/health.html
- Just to illustrate to you, This are Sites of sewage mixed water ponds and runaways. Very poor sanitary and hygiene condition.
- Based on the illustrations, The question arises that what are the solutions to this problem?: Some of the public health response to alleviate the problem of unsafe water globally include the United Nations Millennium Development Goals that Targets the proportion of people living without access to safe water & improved sanitation by using three approach's: 1) Providing Locally appropriate water systems 2) Providing Simple and effective sanitation facilities and 3) Providing Traditionally appropriate hygiene education For every solution there is a consequence and a benefit: The consequences of not engaging in the initiatives resulted in the problem being the second most leading cause of death among children under the age of 5 by diarrhea due to unsafe drinking water and poor sanitation, again millions of people suffer from various WBDs that include, trachoma, intestinal parasites, and malaria AND the benefits thereof is the Decreased problem of water and sanitation related diseases in poor & vulnerable communities (healthier people, reduced medical bills).
- 6
- Other solutions B: Hygiene education materials and methods are also used in projects which are developed by indigenous partner organizations to ensure they will be culturally sensitive and appropriate. Hygiene education helps to ensure that clean water is not contaminated at the source or after collection. FOR EXAMPLE IN THE PICTURE THE woman demonstrates how she safely stores drinking water in her home AND THE SCHOOL CHILDREN DEMONTRATES Hand-washing at critical times (such as after going to the toilet and before eating) WHICH is a key message communicated via school hygiene education efforts The photos illustrates proper sanitation and hygiene practices at school & home.
- This slide explains the purpose and objective of my project: The purpose of the study was to review studies associated with health literacy, education and safe water recommendation methods relevant to Nigerian communities. The public health significance is the Lack of Knowledge and non- compliance of the recommendation practices associated with obtaining safe water for the prevention of WBDs. The Hypothesis: hypothesized that noncompliance to obtaining safe water is due to lack of information of safe health practice linked to low literacy and education.
- This data highlights the Nigerian water status in terms of coverage, purity, and disease effects. UNDER …….
- WBDs preventions: The best way to stop the negative effect of problems is through prevention. What is WBDs? Water-borne diseases (WBDs) are any illness caused by drinking water polluted by human or animal feces, which contain pathogenic bacteria. Waters exposed to sewage have resulted in some WBDs outbreaks such as typhoid, diarrhea, malaria, schistosomiasis and cholera around the world (Lenntech, 2014). To prevent WBDs, access to safe drinking water recommendation is the answer, which can be achieved through :(1)Health literacy & Education : that is safe water Information , again Health literacy does not entail only the ability to read and understand health-related material, rather it is the ability to obtain, process, and understand health information and services at maximum level so as to make proper health decisions (Witte, 2010). and (2) through Practice methods : which are The Point-of-use disinfection, Safe water storage, Sanitation/hygiene and Behavior techniques. however ,Practice methods are defined by the number of people using improved drinking water sources such as household connection, borehole, protected dug well, protected spring, and rainwater” (“World Health Organization,” n.d.para.1)
- Under my materials and methods, I used search strategy method to retrieve information for my study which includes Search engines of peer reviewed literatures, journals, and articles published within the last 12 years and Literature search using key terms “Nigeria”, “safe water practice” and “WBDs” The Search Results includes peer reviewed literatures, journals, and articles of qualitative and quantitative data collected from UNESCO, GLAAS, WHO,NBS, NCEZID), Water Aid Nigeria, NRWSS and UNICEF. The analysis were based on reviewd Observational, experimental, prevention and interventional studies. In addition the Components of the search descriptions includes Health literacy levels, Education levels, point-of-use water disinfection, sanitation/hygiene, safe water storage, and behavioral changes
- FOR My results: the 22 studies that I reviewed identified the six recommendation criteria's such that UNDER :1,2,3, above The findings proves that Household access to water supplies among the 32 states of the country has a marginal high prevalence of improved water technologies at (51%) to unimproved technologies at (48.5%) ( Ince, M. et.al.,).
- THE RESULT ALSO PROVES THERE IS EVIDENCE OF (1) Sanitation/Hygiene : which is Preventing OF runoff into water source, Properly washing dishes/cooking utensils and Washing hands with soap before eating; (2) Health literacy & Education : THE Ability to read and write which is at 61.3 % a good indication that education is linked to obtaining health information AND (3) Behavior Change Techniques : which is THE Knowledge and use of resources based on culture, environment, and community Nonetheless, the findings indicated that youths have higher literacy level on both genders at compared to adults, this shows a significant association of education and literacy in Nigeria to obtaining health information and again it shows the need for improved adult education in the nation.
- This TABLE is a summarized data distribution of the 6 criteria's related to safe water recommendation practices from my study. All the inclusions criteria's are below 60% rate, indicating A marginal prevalence RATE OF SAFE WATER COMPLIANCE, AND ALSO revealing that hygiene and sanitation NEED further attention, again THE rate of WBDs is also high signifying THE need for improved prevention strategies.
- This are charts that I created to exhibit the trend rates 1.ColumnChart 2. Area Chart The significance of these outcomes is that people can read and understand health information such that is related to causes and prevention of diseases like waterborne diseases. It also demonstrated that there is a marginal equilibrium between improve and un-improved water sources; there is a low practice of sanitation and hygiene between household water usage which is signifying a higher risk of WBDs. This charts illustrates the purpose of my project showing that there is an Association between Health Literacy Levels, Education and the Recommendations of Water Borne Illness Prevention for Safe Water in Nigeria
- In order to comply with safe water recommendation 1 &2 is essential.
- IN conclusion the project reviled the incorporation of all 6 essential components of safe water recommendations, but there are also limits in the practice/compliance of all criteria's used, therefore based on this information the Surveillance of trends and health status related to waterborne disease outbreaks needs to researched further and reviewed on a continuous basis in Nigeria. MOREOVER The implementation of traditional applicable methods to advance safe water quality standards for the Nigerian population is realizable by partnership with non-governmental organizations.
- I ALLWAYS like to end my presentation with a quote. This is a quote by Kofi Annan, former UN Secretary General, which states that “We shall not finally defeat AIDS, tuberculosis, malaria, or any of the other infectious diseases that plague the developing world until we have also won the battle for safe drinking water, sanitation, and basic health care. TO EXIT, MY APPRECIATION goes TO Dr j, my professors, the staffs and all my peers for realizing this moment. THANK YOU