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1. NURSİMA TEKİN
FINAL
PROJECT
Understanding the Brain: The Neurobiology of
Everyday Life
BROCA'S APHASİA

2. This is Nalan
Nalan had a traffic accident that changed her life about 1
year ago. As a result of this accident, he had problems with
his speech ability. This major change pushed Nalan to learn
brand new alphabets. Nalan quickly learned sign language in
4 months. Now Nalan is a teacher and teaches sign language.
Let's take a closer look at Nalan's difficult process.

3. HOW IS IT STARTED?
One year ago, Nalan, who went on vacation with her family to Germany, had a terrible
accident with her car. That night, a drunk man crashed into Nalan's car. Nalan, who
received a major blow to her brain as a result of this impact, was in a coma for about 1
month. After he came out of the coma, all his bodily functions were normal, but he could
no longer speak. Doctors said he has Nalanda broca's aphasia syndrome. This is how
Nala's story began

4. poor or absent grammar
difficulty forming complete
sentences
difficulty articulating sounds
and words
difficulty repeating what has
been said by others
trouble with writing
sentences
difficulty reading
frustration
difficulty following
directions
Broca's aphasia is a non-fluent type. Broca's aphasia
results from damage to a part of the brain called
Broca's area, which is located in the frontal lobe,
usually on the left side. It's one of the parts of the
brain responsible for speech and for motor
movement.
BROCA'S APHASİA

5. Causes
Anything that causes the death of brain cells may
result in aphasia. Brain cells die when blood flow or
oxygen flow to a particular part of the brain is
stopped or diminished.
Causes include:
stroke
brain tumor
injury to the brain, such as from a severe
blow to the head or gunshot wound
infection in the brain
progressive neurological conditions, such
as Alzheimer’s disease

6. TREATMENT
Treatment
Broca’s aphasia may improve
even without treatment.
Working with a speech-
language pathologist, both in
person or online, can greatly
enhance progress. The more
practice someone has
speaking in a safe
environment, the more likely
they may be to continue
trying to improve. Finding a
support group, book club, or
another type of social setting
with other people going
through the same thing can
be very beneficial.

7. If you care about someone who has this condition, remember that they’re just as intelligent as before.
Be understanding, as they may feel frustration about their current situation. Try to have patience and to
include them in the life of your family or circle of friends. Keep them in the loop by including them
actively in conversations and by looking directly at them, rather than talking around them. Other tips for
communication include:
Keep your sentences simple and short, but don’t speak to them as if they’re a child.
Remember that their interests have not changed, only their ability to talk about them.
Ask lots of yes and no questions, or questions that require very simple answers.
Use gestures or props to get your point across.
Fold in simple interactions, such as sitting quietly in nature, where you can enjoy each other’s presence
without speaking too much.
If you have Broca’s aphasia, you can help to accelerate your own progress by having verbal interactions
with people you trust. There are other techniques you can use:
Try to control the noise level of the room you are in to eliminate any unnecessary distractions.
It may seem silly at first, but use a mirror, and try practicing a few phrases, such as, “How are you?” and
“What are you doing for the holidays?” before you attend events. This may help to build up your
confidence level.
Keep trying! Remember that improvement can continue for many years.
Go at your own pace; just make sure to keep going.

8. REFERENCES
https://www.healthline.com/health/brocas-aphasia#diagnosis
01
Ardila, A., Bernal, B., & Rosselli, M. (2016). Why Broca's area
damage does not result in classical Broca's aphasia. Frontiers
in human neuroscience, 10, 249.
02
03
04
Bastiaanse, R., & Van Zonneveld, R. (2004). Broca’s aphasia,
verbs and the mental lexicon. Brain and Language, 90(1-3),
198-202.
Understanding the Brain: The Neurobiology of Everyday Life
The University of Chicago