chapter 1

1. CONCEPTS INWORLD REGOINALGEOGRAPHY
- ELEMENTSOF REGIONALGEOGRAPHY BASICS -
Name: Muhammad Nurniqman Bin Suhaimi
No Matrix: 11DPI16f1013
Class: DPI 3A
Lecturer: Mohd Nurolhisyam Bin Hassan

2. Natural Environment
• Natural environment means all living and non-living things that are natural.
• The universal is natural , but often the term natural environment only means nature on Earth.
• This environment encompasses the interaction of all living species, climate, weather, and
natural resources that affect human survival and economic activity.

3. Human Geographies
• Human environment means interpreted comprehensively to include the natural and physical
environment and the relationship of people with that environment.
• The branch of geography dealing with how human activity affect or influenced by erath's
surface.
• Attends to human pattern of social interaction as well as spatial level interdepencies and how
they influenced or affect the earth's environment.

4. Political Geographies
• Political geography is concerned with the study of both the spatially uneven outcomes of
political processes and the ways in which political processes are themselves affected by
spatial structures.
• Political geography looks at a huge number of different elements in the relationship between
politics and places. Examples include :
1. how bounderies between countries, states or countries are made.
2. whether the size of a country affects how powerful it is.
3. how the way natural resources are distributed around the world affects trade and war.

5. Economic Geography
• Economic geography is the study of the location, distribution and spatial organization of
economic activities across the world. It represents a traditional sub-field of the discipline of
geography. However, many economists have also approached the field in ways more typical
of the discipline of economics.
• Types of world’s economic sector: Primary, Secondary, Tertiary and Quaternary.

6. Type of economic sector
i. Primary Sector
 The primary sector involves the extraction of raw materials from the Earth. This extraction
results in raw materials and basic foods, such as coal, wood, iron, and corn.
 The types of workers in this sector include farmers, coal miners and hunters.
ii. Secondary Sector
 Involves the transformation of raw materials into goods. This transformation results in wood
being made into furniture, steel being made into cars or textiles being made into clothes, as
examples.

7. iii. Tertiary Sector
 The tertiary sector of the economy (also known as the service sector or the service
industry)
 Service activities include transportation, retailing, maintenance.
iv. Quaternary Sector
 Based on knowledge applicable to some business activity that usually involves the
provision of service
 For example, services involving complex processing and handling of information :
education and research , engineering , IT specialist.