2. Global Picture
•About 35 million people infected with HIV
globally
•25 million are in Sub Saharan Africa.
•1.4 million Kenyans are living with HIV.
•Women who account for 57% of new HIV
infections in SSA.
10. Source of New HIV Infections in Generalized
Epidemic:
20%
25%
44%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50%
Swaziland, Lesotho, Uganda,
Malawi heterosexual unions
contribute the majority of new
infections
Married or cohabiting
couples
MSM, IDUs, sex
workers
Casual heterosexual
sex
11. High risk in young women: Kenya
• 65% of new infections among women occur before
age 35 years
• The same pattern holds true of South and East
African countries
14.7
16.4
40.1
10.6
7.3
13
5.2
32.1
34.1
20.5
6
00
5
10
20
15
25
30
40
35
15-24 25-34 35-44
Age group
45-54 50-59 60-64
Kenya AIDS Indicator
Survey 2007
45
Males (N=37)
Females (N=69)
13. HIV prevalence among men aged 15-64 years by male
circumcision status, KAIS 2007
14. Marginalized populations
require prioritized HIV interventions
• HIV prevalence is high (Data from *SWOP-Kenya)
» 40% among MSM
» 28% among female sex workers
» And a minority correctly use condoms
• Social and policy environment keep these at risk populations
marginalized and reluctant to seek health services
– Sodomy in Kenya is illegal with a 14 year jail sentence
– Experience social condemnation, physical and sexual
abuse
*Sex workers project (SWOP), University of Nairobi
15. 16
0
47
84
53
20
40
60
KAIS 2007 KAIS 2012
Aware of HIV
infection
Unaware of HIV
infection
Awareness of HIV positive status
among persons living with HIV
Preliminary Report for Kenya AIDS indicator survey,
2012
80
100
16. ART Coverage, adults, KAIS
Use of ART by eligible persons,
KAIS 2007
Use of ART by eligible persons,
KAIS 2012
Aware of
HIV
status/
on
ART 63%
Aware of HIV status/
not on ART 9%
Unaware of
HIV
status/ not
on ART
28%
Aware of HIV
status/on ART
29%
Aware of HIV status /
Not on ART
Unaware of HIV status/
not on ART
63%
*Eligibility for ART defined as CD4≤350 cells/µL, having ever been on ART or currently being treated for
tuberculosis.
17. Group Activity
• HIV and other Communicable diseases
• HIV and Gender
• HIV and Information technology
• HIV Support, care and treatment
18. 18
ABSTAIN from sexual intercourse
AVOID unprotected sex
ADVOCATE for positive behavior change
BE FAITHFUL to one faithful & uninfected partner
BREAK the silence-talk about AIDS
BASIC hygiene should always be observed
CORRECT AND CONSISTENT use of condoms
COUNSELING for infected persons
COUNSELING of uninfected persons and their families
DISCUSS HIV and AIDS
DE-STIGMATISE HIV and AIDS
Prevention of HIV and AIDSPrevention of HIV and AIDS
19. VMMC – Voluntary Male Medical Circumcision
eMTCT – Elimination of Mother-to-child
transmission
TasP – Antiretroviral Treatment as Prevention of
HIV & TB
PEP – Post Exposure Prophylaxis
PreEP – Pre Exposure Prophylaxis
New Prevention technology
