cattle body temperature measurement using iot

1. Cattle Body
Temperature Measurement
Using IOT

2. U n d e r t h e G u i d a n c e o f
Dr. Shamanth .V
Assistant Professor
School of Mechanical Engineering, REVA University
Name of the Student SRN
Nithish . S R19ME082
Rohith . R R19ME099
Prem Kumar .R R19ME093
Nishanth . G R19ME201

3. FLOW OF CONTENTS
1. Abstract
2. Introduction
3. Literature survey
4. Problem identification
5. Objectives
6. Methodology
7. Conclusion

4. ABSTRACT
1. Now a day’s human cannot imagine their life without technology. Surrounding us diverse
technologies are helping people to live their lifestyles with more luxury. The era has modified and
developed many projects such as Advanced Cattle health Monitoring System using Arduino and
IOT. In the Wireless Sensor Based cattle health monitoring system, critical parameters affecting
cattle health which includes body temperature, respiration, humidity, heartbeat, and rumination are
continuously monitored. In this framework, Arduino UNO microcontroller is utilized to sense the
various activities of animals like body temperature, respiration, humidity, heartbeat, and rumination.
ESP8266 Wi-Fi module is used as transceiver. The thing speak app is used to display the graph.
2. Index Terms - Arduino UNO, Sensors, IOT, ESP8266 Wi-Fi module

5. INTRODUCTION
• The rectal temperature measurements are one of the main infection pointers in domestic animals. The
method itself, be that as it may, is tedious and requires direct contact with creatures. Conversely, infra-
red based thermometry speaks to a non-intrusive, contactless technique of measuring the surface
temperature of animal’s body, which can be utilized as a pointer of centre for internal heat level in
steers. Utilizing the traditional rectal temperature is a typical technique utilized by veterinarians and
ranchers; be that as it may, there are impediments to this strategy. Examinations demonstrated that both
the procedure utilized while managing a computerized thermometry and the various thermometry type
can influence.
• The estimated values different advancements have been created to constantly record internal heat level
in steers. Infra-red based thermometry is utilized to quantify heat radiation from the outside of a subject
and makes an interpretation of the radiation into a point-explicit surface temperature. Infra-red
thermometry has been utilized lately as a non- obtrusive technique in numerous creature species just as
in people. The strategy is a valuable apparatus in anticipating increments in neighborhood or
foundational body temperature, which can fill in as an instrument to survey pressure in dairy bovines
and sport ponies' crt ponies and to foresee cow oestrus

6. HOW TO FIND TEMPERATURE IN
CATTLE ?
• The temperature of limits gives off an impression of being more impacted by the surrounding
temperature than the eye temperature.
• The foot temperatures in cows significantly rely upon surrounding temperature], though eye
temperatures are not essentially influenced. In the wake of considering factors, for example,
daylight, dampness, surface soil and climate conditions, the aftereffects of past contemplate
demonstrate that Infra-red thermometry states the potential apparatus for the early acknowledgment
of temperature increments and in this manner of infections
• The most extreme temperature of the whole head or body region can be utilized as a delegate
temperature for the region of eye or the rear of the ear, individually.
• This would be beneficial for future programmed checking frameworks since it is simpler to
characterize a fixed region than to discover. Nonetheless, the target of the present study was to
decide if it was adequate to characterize just a single bigger zone of the whole creature and to utilize
the most extreme temperature of this region.

7. LITERATURE SURVEY
Bioin publications [1].
• In 2012, system was invented to monitor the health of cattle using a wireless sensor mote. It used in-
network processing algorithm to monitor the data.
Kimet al. 2012 [2].
• The livestock disease forecasting system (Kimet al. 2012) is an integrated management system that
collects data on the activity and body temperatures of each livestock using acceleration sensors and
thermal imaging cameras.
• The system compares the collected information with control data according to livestock disease
collected by challenge test.
• This forecasting system can identify livestock diseases before it spreads in order to minimize
associated damages. However, it is difficult to apply to individual animals such as cattle, because it
employs general sensors to collect the biometric data of livestock.
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8. Bos indicus (Deoni) cows Sathiyabarathi 2012 [3]
• There are three common underlying diseases of cattle, and the cause of diseases is usually reflected in
body temperature. First, bovine mastitis has a negative effect on milk. production and quality, which
will cause significant economic problems.
• To detect the core body temperature of animals, commonly, the use of thermometers employs
thermistors. A thermistor is a semiconductor made of metal oxide. The resistance of this
semiconductor varies with temperature sensitive.
De Rensis Clinical implications and hormone treatments for the dairy cows 2015 [4]
• Third, heat stress can be defined as physiological stress experienced as a result of excessive heat.
Cattle that suffer heat stress obviously are affected in terms of milk production and fertility suggested
that the best method to assess heat stress is to measure rectal temperature greater than 39◦C and
respiration rates greater than 60 beat/min.
• Although confirmation and early diagnosis of diseases requires clinical criteria, the diagnosis of
various diseases still needs body temperature or physiological parameter.

9. 9
Lowe, G.L . A non-invasive method of measuring temperature rate in cattle 2019 [5]
• IR in cattle to detect injuries on legs or other body parts. The eye temperature measured with the IRT
can be used for detecting an acute response of stress or pain of cattle.
• To IRT not only provides the body temperature of the cattle but also can be used for other detections.
Lowe et al. validated the use of IRT to measure the respiration rate as an alternative method. From the
thermal image, temperature changes at the nostrils during inhalation and exhalation
De Rensis Clinical implications and hormone treatments for the dairy cows 2015 [6]
• Third, heat stress can be defined as physiological stress experienced as a result of excessive heat.
Cattle that suffer heat stress obviously are affected in terms of milk production and fertility suggested
that the best method to assess heat stress is to measure rectal temperature greater than 39◦C and
respiration rates greater than 60 beat/min.
• Although confirmation and early diagnosis of diseases requires clinical criteria, the diagnosis of
various diseases still needs body temperature or physiological parameter.

10. International Journal of Advanced Research in Electrical,Electronics and Instrumentation
Engineering 2016 [7]
• IR Gartner research defines that IOT i.e., Internet of Things is the system of sensible object that
enclose embedded tool to interact and sense the objects or the outside atmosphere .
• IOT i.e. Internet of Things determine which substances are efficiently communicate with other
substances. Hospitals can observe, store and adjust pacemakers extended distance and analyses the
patient details. This paper deals with the cattle diary which measure body temperature, respiration,
humidity, heartbeat and rumination and values are stored in web server.
Suseendran, G., & Balaganesh, D. (2021). Smart cattle health monitoring system
using IoT sensors. [8]
• Animal health monitoring (AHM) packaging is an IoT device that administers the misuse of
medicine by ensuring pharmaceutical compliance. The Animal Health Monitoring (AHM)
gateway consists of multiple health surveillance sensors/devices and interfaces of wireless
standards
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11. PROBLEM IDENTIFICATION
• Improving productivity of farm animals is one of the major challenges. The average annual milk
yield of Indian cattle is 1172 kg which is only about 50% of the global average.
• The Frequent outbreaks of diseases like Food and Mouth Diseases, Black Quarter infection,
Influenza etc. continue to affect Livestock health and lowers the productivity.
• For earlier year, dairy farm and farmers used the special technique for detection of animal health
related diseases and it require the continuous or daily to daily base observation which again require
the excessive labor if we consider the dairy farm cattle's health monitoring. sometime such
technique gives the wrong result which was different from the actual health status of cattle. This
can cause the harmful effect on the cattle health .so there must be the proposed automatic health
monitoring system which keep the record health parameter fast and accurate so that proper
treatment use.
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12. HOW TO SOLVE THIS PROBLEM
• Innovative infrared photo diode thermometers get rid of
the problems that come with measuring temperature, such
as invasive, less invasive, stressful methods.
• It could be used for long-term monitoring of core body
temperature, which is shown to be safe as it provides
better precision for inferring the core body temperature of
cows.
• The remote server gets the cows' temperatures through
Bluetooth and sends them to a central location so that the
cows' health can be checked on all the time.

13. PROPOSED SYSTEM
• Sensors base technology use for biomedical application, size is the one of the important constraint.
• Sensor Technology
The sensors are used for automatic measurement of various health factors. .These sensors are connected to the
Arduino uno(controller).
In sensor technology, sensors are used to sense the body temperature of the cattle. LM35 is used as the body
temperature sensor. The normal body temperature of the cattle is 38.5-39.5 degree Celsius. If the temperature of
the cattle is less than the normal temperature the cattle may suffer from diseases like milk fever, indigestion and
poisoning. If the temperature of the cattle is more than the normal temperature the cattle may suffer from
diseases like anthrax , influenza, foot and mouth diseases etc.

14. METHODOLOGY
• The Architecture of E-Cattles health monitoring system using IOT consists of three significant
units that are namely:
1. Data Gaining Unit.
Data gaining unit consist of different types of biomedical sensors like body temperature sensor,
blood pressure sensor , humidity sensor, heartbeat rate detection sensor which Is interfacing with
microcontroller. The data gaining units obtain data and makes it accessible for the data administering
and data interact unit (cloud, server and web page).
2. Data Interact Unit.
The sensors are used for simple and general automatic measurement of numerous health factors.
Such type of health sensors will be mounted on the cattle body which continuously observe the body
issues of the cattle like temperature , heartbeat rate etc. and deliver output in the type of electrical
signal. These signal are then compared to a standard limit of normal values set as the starting point in
data administering unit.

15. METHODOLOGY
3. Administering Unit
If administering unit are observed major
changes or abnormal changes in particular cattle,
then they can contact to nearer animal care doctor
or if some causes doctor will not be available in
nearer hospital, then using IOT administering unit
controlling person can send the health graph to the
doctor. So, by observing this graphs doctor can
talk about the animal health information and
proper treatment which to be apply on cattle in
[ absence of doctor during emergency.

16. OBJECTIVE
• Animal productivity and reproduction are harmed when they are exposed to high temperatures.
• Exposure to high temperatures reduces the growth potential of cattle.
• With temperature measurements that don't hurt or bother the animals, they can be kept an eye on.
• An infrared photodiode thermometer was strongly correlated with a clinical thermometer in the tail
base (TB) region.
• Monitor the health and vitality of livestock in real-time, enabling farmers to quickly treat animals
and prevent the spread of disease.
• To monitor grazing patterns and nutritional changes.
• Track grazing animals.
• Gather and analyze historical data to identify trends in cattle health.
• Optimizing breeding practices.
• Cloud-based integration and dashboard solutions to provide real-time information as well as historic
data to vets, nutritionists etc.

17. CONCLUSION
This research has been undertaken in order to establish specific sensor technologies as a
significant means to monitor animal health and to ensure animal well-being in the fast-changing
conditions of automated
farms. Due to the high demand and supply of dairy products, dairy cattle are in a constant
demand for high yield, leading to the need of continuously monitoring of their health to ensure
their fitness as it directly affects the health of the consumers. Moreover, the overall economy in
the dairy farming industry depends on the herds’ health. Several cattle diseases have been studied
in-depth and analysis of the symptoms associated with these conditions. These symptoms were
then mapped to the type of sensors that would be able to measure the said behavior.