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Data Interpretation
Nimisha Nandan
Ph.D Scholar
Central University of Kerala
Data Interpretation
Understanding ,organising, and drawing appropriate solutions from he
given data
Numerical data can be presented in one or more of he following was
• Line chart
• Venn diagram
• Bar chart
• Pie chart
• Tabular graph
• Caselets
Sample Size
The number of
individual samples measured or
observations used in a survey or
experiment.
Probability Sampling
A probability sampling method is
any method of sampling that utilizes
some form of random selection.
The key benefit of probability sampling methods is that
the sample chosen is representative of the population.
Simple random sampling
A simple random sample is meant
to be an unbiased representation of
a group.
Systematic sampling
Systematic sampling is a type of
probability sampling method in which
sample members from a larger population
are selected according to a random starting
point but with a fixed, periodic interval.
Stratified Sampling
Stratified sampling is a type of sampling
method in which the total population is
divided into smaller groups or strata to
complete the sampling process. The
strata is formed based on some common
characteristics in the population data.
Cluster Sampling
Cluster sampling is a sampling plan
used when mutually homogeneous yet
internally heterogeneous groupings
are evident in a statistical population.
Non probability sampling
Non-probability sampling is
a sampling technique where
the samples are gathered in a
process that does not give all the
individuals in the population equal
chances of being selected.
Convenience sampling
Convenience sampling is a type of non-
probability sampling that involves the
sample being drawn from that part of the
population that is close to hand.
Judgemental sampling
Judgment sample, or Expert sample,
is a type of random sample that is
selected based on the opinion of an
expert.
Quota sampling
Quota sampling is a method for
selecting survey participants that
is a non-probabilistic version of
stratified sampling.
Snowball
sampling is where
research
participants recruit
other participants
for a test or study.
Sampling Error
Error in a statistical
analysis arising from the
unrepresentativeness of
the sample taken.
Data Interpretation Techniques
Data Interpretation Techniques
Data Interpretation Techniques
Data Interpretation Techniques

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Data Interpretation Techniques