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Portugal - India project
1. GLOBAL COUNTRY STUDY REPORT ON
“A STUDY OF PORTUGAL & SIKKIM, & ITS
COMPARISION WITH INDIA – WITH REFERENCE TO
AGRICULTURE SECTOR”
Particula
rs
Names Enrolment
Number
1 NIDIN CHRISTOPHER 167890562018
2 DOBARIYA JIGNASHA
HITESHBHAI
167890562006
3 NAIR SHRUTI SHANKARAN 167890562017
4 ANSA PAULOSE 167890562002
5 ALLWIN AG VARGHESE 167890562001
Christ institution
of management,
Rajkot, Gujarat .
MBA Students
3. Portugal was one of the first European nations
to be unified into a single country. It gained
independence from Spain with the accession
of King Alfonse I in 1143. The country is
located in southwestern Europe.
PortugalMap
KingAlfonse1
Portugal has 1500 UNESCO world heritage sites.
4. ■ Flag Population : 10.32 million
84% - Christians
8% - Atheist
8% others
Share borders with
Spain(north & east)
Atlantic occean
800km long costal
40 ports
Best site for surfing
5. Capital : Lisbon
Vasco Da Gama:
Founded India in 1498
Bridge with 17.2km
long
University of
Coimbra
Portuguese were the first to invade
India in 1505 and the last to leave
India in 1961
Portuguese brought chili
first to India.
6. Football:
Guinness record of
highest football fan
Cristiano Ronaldo
Earth Quake
Tsunami
Wide spread fire
• All Saints Day
• 2.75 lakh deaths
• 85% damage
1755
9. Contribution of industries in Portugal's GDP
Portugal GDP Last Previous Highest Lowest Unit
GDP Growth Rate 0.3 1 3.3 -2.6 percent
GDPAnnual Growth Rate 2.9 2.8 5 -4.5 percent
GDP 204.56 199.08 262.01 3.19 USD Billion
GDP Constant Prices 44443.2 44291.2 45757.9 33671.1 EUR Million
Gross Fixed Capital
Formation
7467.5 7387.8 11235.5 6328.9 EUR Million
GDP per capita 22347.03 21967.6 22829.85 4506.05 USD
GDP per capita PPP 27006.87 26548.33 27590.37 20166.93 USD
GDP From Agriculture 805.4 805.7 916.1 782.3 EUR Million
GDP From Construction 1587.8 1633.3 3452 1460.3 EUR Million
GDP From Manufacturing 5446.5 5387.2 5587 4093.8 EUR Million
GDP From Services 8491.3 8378.5 8491.3 5326.5 EUR Million
GDP From Transport 3029.5 3003.9 3261.2 1865.1 EUR Million
GDP From Utilities 1166.1 1160 1315 777.8 EUR Million
Gross National Product 45951.05 46514.29 47334.72 28400 EUR Million
10.
11. Total Exports (2016) $55,676,835,792
Total Imports (2016) $67,631,779,712
Trade Balance (2016) $11,954,943,920
12. ImportExport
Top 10 Countries Top 10 products
Spain Motor Vehicles & Parts
France Electrical Machinery
Germany Industrial Machinery
United Kingdom Oil & Mineral Fuels
United States Plastics
Netherlands Apparel: Knit
Italy Footwear
Angola Furniture
Belgium Paper
Morocco Iron & Steel Articles
Top 10 Countries Top 10 products
Spain Motor Vehicles & Parts
Germany Oil & Mineral Fuels
France Industrial Machinery
Italy Electrical Machinery
Netherlands Plastics
United Kingdom Pharmaceuticals
China Iron & Steel
Belgium Seafood
Russia Precision Instruments
Brazil Organic Chemicals
13. ABOUT AGRICULTURE INDUSTRY IN THE PORTUGAL
■ OVERVIEW OF AGRICULTURE INDUSTRY
Portugal covers an area of 92212 km² of which 39% is forest and 47% is agricultural land.
Portugal has a total population is 10 million of which 34% lives in rural areas.
Portugal has a very diverse agriculture due to different soil, dominated by small farm structures, climate and
landscape characteristics
AGRICULTURE PRODUCTS:-
Cheeses , Organic product , Pork, wines , Bread, Olive oil, Fish,
Herbs, Spices, Drinks, Pastries and Desserts, Tea, Coffee
15. JUSTIFICATION FOR AGRICULTURE INDUSTRY
■ Trading relations between India and Portugal(1947-1950)
■ The import and export of agriculture items is very high between india and Portugal
■ It is the place of tourist
■ High consumption of Food items
■ The importance of agriculture in the Portuguese economy is higher
■ Portugal initiated a path of sustained economic growth and impressive changes in the
structure of production and employment(12.1%)
■ Over 58 % of the rural households depend on agriculture as their principal means of
livelihood.
■ Agriculture, along with fisheries and forestry(5.5%), is one of the largest contributors to
the Gross Domestic Product (GDP).
■ Gross Value Added (GVA) during 2016-17 17.2%.
17. S – Social Aspects
■ Population is 10.32 million
■ Literacy rate is 95.7%
■ One member of family
migrate to another country
for income arising.
■ Population is 1.324 billion
■ Literacy rate is 74.04%
■ The Indian family has been
a dominant institution in the
life of the individual and in
the life of community
18. T – Technological Aspects
■ Facing new challenges to
meet growing demand for
food, to be internationally
competitive and to produce
agricultural products of high
quality.
■ Introduction of high-yielding
variety of seeds and
fertilizers
■ Budget 2016 government
raises agriculture spending to
Rs 36000 crore
19. E – Economical Aspects
■ People in Portugal spend more
than 25% of their total
expenditure on food
■ GDP of agriculture is 2.4% in
Portugal
■ In 2016 the share of agriculture
in employment was 6.91% of
the wrokforce
■ India imported 2.7 million tonnes
of wheat in 2017
■ Agriculture is principle source of
livelihood for more than 58% of
the population of this country
■ Sector share in the GDP was 17.4
in 2015-16
■ Share of agriculture in employment
was 48.9% of the workforce
20. E – Environmental Aspects
■ It has 37 cubic km of
inexhaustible water
■ 53% of water is utilized to help
cultivating and 40% is for
mechanical action
■ Mediterranean type of climate
■ 4-9% of climate change has
impact on agriculture each year
■ As agriculture contributes 15%
to India’s GDP due to change in
climate 1.5% loss is caused in
GDP
■ India has tropical monsoon type
of climate
21. P - Political Aspects
■ Political stability
■ In 1994 agriculture reform
undertaken and liberalization of
rice exports being one of most
significant reform
■ Political stability
■ Most of the government
support for agriculture until the
mid-1960 was given to the
Latifundia area of southern
Portugal, principally through
high wheat prices
22. L - Legal Aspects
■ The department of agriculture and co-
operation has implemented various
development schemes in agriculture sector
for poverty elevation among famers and
improvement of the production and price
of various agriculture product
■ The central government promulgated in
May 1957 a fertilizers (control) order
under clause 111 of the essential
commodities act 1955
■ This law envisaged the statutory control of
the price of three fertilizers, namely
ammonium sulphate, urea and calcium
ammonium nitrate
■ As Portugal is an old trading partner of
UK so it does not have larger challenges
demanding to develop tread to UK
company
■ A company exporting to Portugal should
consider the method of payment when
conveying contract
23. E - Ethical Aspects
■ India has been ranked 79th out of
176 countries in the recently released
corruption perception index for the
year 2016
■ Appropriate government has the
right to frame the rules and trade
union are formed to promote and
protect the interest of the workers
■ Portugal has been ranked 29th out of
176 countries in the recently released
corruption perception index for the
year 2016
■ Portuguese desire to do business
with those they can trust.
■ It is thus appropriate to have a
mutual contact and to build up a
certain degree of trustworthiness
before start switching with the
Portuguese.
24. D - Demographic Aspects
■ Literacy rate of India is 74.04%. Male
literacy is 82.14% and female literacy is
65.46%
■ Population growth rate of India in
2016(est.) is 1.19%
■ Net migration rate is 0 migrants/ 1000
population in 2016(est.)
■ With a population of 1.27 billion India is
the world's second most populous
country.
■ It is the seventh largest country in the
world with an area of 3.288 million sq
■ In 2017 population rank Portugal is on
88th rank
■ Literacy rate of Portugal is 95.7%. Male
literacy is 97.1% and female literacy is
94.4% in 2015 (est.)
■ Population growth rate of Portugal in
2016( est.) is 0.07%
■ Net migration rate is 2.6 migrants/1000
population in 2016(est.)
26. ■ Sikkim is a state in northeast India,
■ Bordered by Bhutan, Tibet and Nepal.
■ Part of the Himalayas, the area has a
dramatic landscape that includes India’s
highest mountain, 8,586m
Kangchenjunga.
■ Sikkim is also home to glaciers, alpine
meadows and thousands of varieties of
wildflowers.
27. ■ The contribution in GDP for the year 2016 is
as follows:
• AGRICULTURE- 8%
• INDUSTRY- 59%
• SERVICE- 33%
8%
59%
33%
GDP
1 2 3
Population 648000
Language
Nepali, Hindi, dialects, Tibetan, Bhutia and
Lepcha
Area 7096 km2
Natural resources
Rivers, Forest, national parks and
sanctuaries
28. The major industries which flourish in
the economy of Sikkim are as follows:
• Liquor Industry
• Tea Industry
• Spices Industry
• Agriculture
• Tourism Industry
30. Strength
■ Portugal is the largest producer of cork
and wine.
■ Portugal's climatic and topographic
conditions allow for an extremely large
number of crops including olives, figs,
citrus, mushrooms, sunflower, tomatoes,
rice, mushrooms, cork, and olives
■ Horticultural and fruit product of
Portuguese origin are in great demand in
domestic and export markets.
■ Among the largest companies agricultural
and agribusiness sector of Portugal there
are some example like Grupo RAR (owner
of vitacress), Frulact, Delta.
■ Portugal produces wide variety of cheese
there are certified cheeses producing
region and there cheese are famous
worldwide.
■ Portugal has a strong cultural base and
they know how to take advantage of it.
Weakness
■ Since 2000 agricultural holdings in
Portugal decreased by 26.6%
■ People working in agricultural sector
has dropped by one third (from roughly
1 million to 0.7 million). However, this
number still represents 13.5 % of the
economically active population of
Portugal.
■ From agriculture they shifter their
concentration to service and tourism
sector.
■ Portugal doesn’t have apt climate for
plantation of certain crops.
■ They are low in service rates
31. Opportunity
■ Technological and functional
enhancement are been done.
■ They are now going crops based on
customers’ needs, trends, world
market needs.
■ Young and skilled people are selected
in agricultural industry.
■ Portugal is looking for new entrances
and new market worldwide.
■ In Portugal there cotton industry is
still untapped so they can expand their
market and come up with more
industries in a agricultural sector and
also attract investors from other
countries.
■ Government is giving special quota for
certain plantations, subsidy, tax
Threats
■ Difficulties in credit access and the
cost of access applied to it.
■ Risk of disruption of agricultural
sector
■ As there agricultural holdings are
decreasing so due to that they are
using same land for various
cultivation which cause less in
productivity.
■ International competition with
higher value added ranges.
■ More cultural oriented farming.
33. Strength
■ Sikkim is one of the few states in India
that receives regular rainfall.
■ Nearly 81% of the area of Sikkim comes
under the administration of its forest
department
■ Sikkim is home to around 5,000 species
of flowering plants, 515 rare orchids, 60
primula species, 36 rhododendron
species, 11 oak varieties, 23 bamboo
varieties, 16 conifer species, 362 types of
ferns and ferns allies, 8 tree ferns, and
over 900 medicinal plants. A variant of
the Poinsettia, locally known as
"Christmas Flower", can be found in
abundance in the mountainous state.
■ Favorable and various agro climatic
condition
■ Flexible and structured industry
Weakness
■ Insufficient knowledge of agriculture
industry.
■ Less Technological advancement
compared competitive countries.
■ Service rate found is less.
■ Undefined market strategy
■ Due to snowfall there are various
problems while farming.
34. Opportunity
■ Many more tourists can be
attracted to see the rare art
of cultivation.
■ Joining together
agriculture and tourism.
■ Contract farming.
■ Creating awareness among
farmers of government
policies and subsidies.
Threats
■ There is no proper
prediction of climatic
condition.
■ As it is always cold there
so only crops of that kind
can grown.
■ Competition from nearby
countries like china.
35. BILATERALTRADE
Export/import/Growth (2014-15)% (2015-16)%
Exports 49.36 44.60
Growth % over previous 4.41 9.63
% share in total exports by India 15.94 17.02
Imports 49.21 43.53
Growth % over previous 1.49 11.54
% share in total imports by India 10.98 11.44
Total Bilateral Trade 98.57 88.13
Growth in percentage over 2.97 10.59
36. MOU’s signed between India and Portugal
■ Protocol amending the Double Taxation Avoidance Agreement.
■ MoU on Nano Technology.
■ MoU on Public Administration & Governance Reforms.
■ MoU on Cultural Cooperation.
■ MoU on Youth & Sports.
■ MoU between Portugal India Business Hub & Indian Chamber of Commerce.
■ MoU on Cooperation in the fields of Higher Education and Scientific Research.
■ MoU on Biotechnology.
■ MoU on Collaborative Research.
■ MoU between Portugal India Business Hub & AICEP.
37. Findings
2016-17 2017-18
India exports
to Portugal
4,49,969.60 73,916.54
India's total 185,233,966.26 31,201,530.29
%share 0.2429 0.2369
2016-17 2017-18
India import
from
Portugal
94,641.03 23,380.78
India's total 257,742,165.85
48,935,479.0
7
%share 0.0367 0.0478
India exports to
Portugal
India import
from Portugal
38. ■ From the above findings we have Selected Agriculture as our Sector in
this report. Some of its reasons are:
– Agriculture contributes 15 per cent to India's GDP, climate change
presumably causes about 1.5 per cent loss in GDP.
– The growth rate of Agricultural gross Domestic product Sikkim was
12.17% during the financial year 2013-14.
– The GDP from agriculture of Portugal is more than 805 Euro dollars.
■ So we can say that there is a great scope of trade of agricultural product
between the Portugal and Sikkim.
