The slides I used for my SQL fundamentals class in Aiivon INnovation Hub, Wuse 2 Abuja on March 9th 2020.

1. SQL Fundamentals Class
9th March 2020
© 2020 Mustapha M Garba

2. Day 1
Learning Objectives
● Acquire a basic understanding
of relational databases
● Work hands on with
PostgreSQL on database
fundamentals
● Learn how these skills can be
used to obtain actionable
insights

3. What is SQL?
Definition
Structured Query
Language (SQL) is a
language used to
manage structured data
in a relational database
system. SQL is a
standard language of the
ISO.
Reasons For Usage
It allows us to quickly
and efficiently store and
relate data without
needing to concern
ourselves with deeper
infrastructural concerns.
SQL Extensions
Basically nobody uses
plain SQL in the modern
day; common SQL
extension sets include T-
SQL (or MS-SQL), Oracle,
MySQL, PostgreSQL, and
MariaDB

4. 1970s
SEQUEL is developed
at IBM Laboratories
1979
Relational Software
release the first
commercial RDBMS,
Oracle.
1986
ISO and ANSI adopt
SQL as a standard
database language
definition
2001
The Rise of Distributed
SQL Systems
2020
???

5. Installation

6. Category Space of SQL Commands
Data Declaration
Language
Used to define the
database schema
● CREATE
● DROP
● ALTER
● RENAME
● TRUNCATE
● COMMENT
Data Manipulation &
Query Language
Used to manipulate and
query relations
● SELECT
● INSERT
● UPDATE
● DELETE
Transactional
Control Language
Deal with ‘transactions’
within the database
● COMMIT
● ROLLBACK

7. WHAT IS A
RELATIONAL
DATABASE?
And, pertinently, what is a
database schema?
A schema is a
description of the
entities in a
database and the
relationship
between them.
max growth
A relational
database is a
collective of data
organized by
tables, columns
and records

8. SIMPLE DATA MODEL
● DATABASE (SCHEMA)
● TABLE (RELATION)
● FIELD
FIELD
TABLE
SCHEMA

9. Database
Creation
The following command set will create a database in a Postgres server:
● CREATE SCHEMA databasename;
● OWNER = rolename;
● CREATE TABLE tablename (
Column1 columntype,
Column2 columntype,
…
) ;

10. Practice
With SQL
Statements