IMPLANT

1. AHMAD SAFFWAN IBERAHIM | MA ORTOPEDIK HKL
Trauma Implants
Orthopedic trauma refers to severe injury to the musculoskeletal system caused by an
external force.
Every day, a variety of external and internal factors influence our body's physical and
physiological systems. The main factors affecting this system are an unhealthy lifestyle,
poor nutrition, bad habits, as well as our job and profession. The musculoskeletal system
is also one of the body's vulnerable systems easily damaged by various factors.
Orthopedic trauma is the term used for this damage. In a general definition, orthopedic
trauma refers to damage to the body's musculoskeletal system, including bon es, joints,
and even soft tissues, due to an external force such as an accident or sudden fall. These
injuries can be severe enough to be life-changing or mild enough to be treated with rest
alone. Depending on the severity of the injury, orthopedic surgeons choose a range of
treatments. Surgery, joint replacement, and the use of trauma implants are the surgeon's
last option.
Common Reasons for Orthopedic Trauma
Aside from accidents, too much stress on one part of the skeletal system can result in
problems for the person. Athletes who experience injuries over the short or long term are
an excellent example of this. In addition, everyday wear, and tear, as well as some
degenerative bone diseases like osteoarthritis, can cause damage to bones and joints in
the elderly. But common causes of orthopedic trauma include:
 Sudden falling.
 Injuries during sports, especially football or basketball.
 Car or motorcycle accident.
 Natural disasters.
 Physical violence.

2. AHMAD SAFFWAN IBERAHIM | MA ORTOPEDIK HKL
Orthopedic Trauma Categories
Fractures and other types of bone and joint damage can be severe. And it can be mild at first, but it can
develop into more severe problems over time if not diagnosed early. But in general, injuries occur in the
following ways: breaks, fractures, dislocations, Impingement, hernia, and sprains. Orthopedic surgeons
have classified acute orthopedic trauma into several types to determine the best treatment options.
Here are some common acute orthopedic injuries:
Meniscus Tear - This is one of the most common injuries in professional athletes as well as the elderly.
The meniscus is a soft cushion-like piece of cartilage in the knee that stabilizes and protects the knee
bone from wear and tear. Knee sprains can cause meniscus tears.
Sprained Ankle - Ankle sprains are injuries to the hard tissue bands or ligaments that surround the
bones of the foot. This injury commonly happens when the ankle twists or turns wrongly.
Labral Tear - The labrum is a tissue like the meniscus of the knee (almost a combination of ligament
and cartilage tissue) attached around the edge of the glenoid cavity. Occasionally, during intense
activity, the labrum becomes entrapped between the head of the humerus and the edge of the glenoid
cavity, causing the labrum to tear.
Plantar Fasciitis - The plantar fascia is a long, thick connective tissue located just under the sole. This
ligament pulls from the heel to the bottom of the toe, causing the sole to arch—the destruction and
rupture of this tissue results in intense pain.
ACL Tear - The anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) is one of the four primary ligaments of the knee. It is
placed inside the joint and connects the femur to the tibia. The most prevalent mechanism for an ACL
rupture is the rotation of the knee with significant contraction of the quadriceps muscle when the foot is
completely on the ground.

3. AHMAD SAFFWAN IBERAHIM | MA ORTOPEDIK HKL
Rotator Cuff Tear - A rotator cuff is a group of shoulder muscles that stabilize the shoulder joint and
rotate the arm in different directions. Stretching and rupture of the rotator cuff muscles usually occur in
athletes over 40 who engage in handball, swimming, weightlifting, and baseball.
Tennis Elbow - Tennis elbow is caused by inflammation of the muscular tendons outside the forearm,
which causes movement of the wrists and fingers. This problem is the most common cause of elbow
pain that is felt outside the elbow. The reason for this naming is the high prevalence of this condition
among tennis players.
Compression Fracture - These are fractures that are caused by severe external shocks such as accidents
or falls. Fractures of the hand, foot, pelvis, and hip bones are well-known types of compression
fractures.
Treatments of Orthopedic Trauma - Orthopedic injuries are usually not life-threatening but can
completely change everyday life. Therefore, seeing an orthopedic doctor and getting a diagnosis and
treatment for these disorders as soon as possible can be highly beneficial to the patient. If the injury is
minor, the doctor will prescribe medication and physiotherapy. However, surgery is recommended if
the trauma is severe, such as a fracture or tear of a bone or joint. Orthopedic surgeons in orthopedic
surgeries use unique implants and prostheses for different cases. Here we will introduce special trauma
implants.
Types of Trauma Implants

4. AHMAD SAFFWAN IBERAHIM | MA ORTOPEDIK HKL
Plates - Plates are highly significant in compression fractures. The plates bring the two sides of the
broken bone closer together, resulting in a better and faster welding. In addition, some plates, such as
DCP, exert less pressure on the bone surface, decreasing injury to the pericytes that house the blood
veins in the bone. As a result, the blood flow to the damaged bone is restored, resulting in better repair.
Available plates include:
 Anatomical plates
 Osteotomy plates
 LCP plates
 Round hole plates
 DHS/ DSC plates
Screws - Screws are often used to fix the plates to the fracture site. When tightening the screw on the
plate, the screw head slides in this part and forces the plate to move along the bone, creating a dynamic
force on the broken pieces. There are several types of trauma screws that you can purchase at your
surgeon's discretion.
Drill bits - Drills are cutting tools used to create holes in the surface of the bone or other parts to
insert implants and screws. Drill bits are available in various sizes and shapes. They can be used to drill
a variety of holes in various materials.
Bone Staple - A bone staple is a type of fastening device that consists of two or more entry points
into the bone that are linked together. These implants hold fractured bones or artificial joints together.
Interlocking Nail System - These are metallic implants used for the repair of traumatic long bone
fractures. Today, these implants are widely used in the orthopedic world, and the surgical outcomes that
result from their placement are very satisfactory. There are different types of implants such as:
 Cannulated femoral nail
 Cannulated tibia nail
 Proximal femoral nail
 Titanium elastic nail
 Femoral/tibia end cap
External Fixation - External fixation is a surgical technique that immobilizes bones to allow a
fracture to heal correctly. In this approach, pins or screws are inserted into the bone on each side of the
fracture. The different products of this method are:
 Rod
 Schanz Screw

5. AHMAD SAFFWAN IBERAHIM | MA ORTOPEDIK HKL
 Universal clamp/ Stainless Steel
 Joint Clamp/ Stainless Steel
 Mini Clamp/ Stainless Steel
 Universal Clamp/ Aluminum
 Mini Clamp/ Aluminum
 Humerus/ Radius/Wrist External Fixation System
Steinman pins - These pins are usually made from implant grade stainless steel and used for skeletal
traction of femoral fractures. These implants are used primarily in elderly patients with weak bones
because this method reduces implant displacement and infection of pin sites.
Synthetic Bone Graft - Sometimes the severity of a bone injury or defect is so severe that doctors
have no choice but to perform a bone graft. Grafts can be taken from a person's own bones (pelvis, legs,
or ribs) or a donor, or they can be completely artificial.
 Powder
 Granule
 Block
 Stick
 Cylinder
 Wedge