Subject: data sheet

1. bject: data sheet

2. Out line:
1. General information
2. Case
3. Difinition and causes
4. Signs and symptom
5. Diagnostic
6. Medical management
7. Nursing management

3. General information
• Name :Fekrat Ahmad
• Femal
• 55year
• wight:55kg
• Hight:150cm

4. Hernia
• A hernia occurs when an internal part of the bod pushes through a weakness in the muscle or surrounding
tissue wall.
• A hernia usually develops between your chest and hips. In many cases, it causes no or very few symptoms,
although you may notice a swelling or lump in your tummy (abdomen) or groin.
• The lump can often be pushed back in or disappears when you lie down. Coughing or straining may make the lump
appear.

5. Difinition and causes
• Difinition : it is the abnormal protrusion of aviscuss outside it’s cavity
1. Aviscuss is any large interior organ in any of great body cavity
• Causes:
1. Weakening or defect in the muscle
2. Increase intra abdominal pressure

6. It’s classification according the location
1. Inguinal
2. Umbilical
3. Incesio al (ventral)
4. -hiatal-hernia
• According the severity :
1. Reducible
2. Irreducible
3. Strangulated

7. • Other types of hernia
1. incisional hernias – where tissue pokes through a surgical wound in your tummy that has not fully healed
2. epigastric hernias – where fatty tissue pokes through your tummy, between your belly button and the lower part
of your breastbone
3. muscle hernias
4. diaphragmatic hernias – where organs in your tummy move into your chest through an opening in the
diaphragm; this can also affect babies if their diaphragm does not develop properly in the womb

8. • How common are hernias?
1. 75 to 80% are inguinal or femoral.
2. 2% are incisional or ventral.
3. 3 to 10% are umbilical, affecting 10 to 20% of newborns; most close by
4. 1 to 3% are other types.

9. Signs and symptoms
• Chest pain
• Abdominal pain
• Nausea and vomiting
• Fever
• Shortness of breath
• Inability to defecate or pass gas
• A feeling of burning or pain at the site of the bulge

10. Diagnostic :
• X-ray studies
• Barium swallow
• ultrasound-scan
• Fluoroscopy

11. • Surgery for a hernia
1. open surgery – where a cut is made to allow the surgeon to push the lump back into the tummy
2. Laparoscopy surgery

12. • Risk factors for the development of a hernia include
• Smoking
• Chronic_obstructive_pulmonary_disease
• Obesity
• Pregnancy
• Peritoneal_dialysis
• Collagen_vascular_disease
• Appendectomy

13. Medical management
• Management for an axial hernia includes frequent ,small feedings
• The patient is advised not to recline for 1hours after eating ,to prevent
reflux or movement of the hernia
• Elevate the head of the bed on 4-to8-inch
• Surgery is indicated in about 15% of patient
• People with paraesophageal hernias my require emergency surgery to
correct torsion (twisting)of the stomach or other body organ

14. Nursing management
1. Administer pain –relieving medication
2. Advice patient to avoiding lifting heavy objects
3. Encourage patient to lose weight
4. Observe patient for abdominal pain in the region of hernia and
swelling

15. term and long term
goal
Subject Data:
Abdominal pain
Constipation retake
obstruction of in
testinal flow by
protuion of organ
throug the
abdominal
Glient mantanis
regular bowel
pattern with
absence or hard
dry bloody stools
Assess the cause
duration of
conustipion
To identify the
cause 8severity and
provide
interventions
accerdingly
Client constipation
was replied as
evidenced by
regular bowel
pattern and passing
stool with hout
discomfort
Flatulense
Indigestion
Monitor the bowel
sounds provide test
feeds
To identify the
client’s tolerances
to food

16. Assessment Nursing Diagnosis Planning Inerventions Rationale Evaluation
Subjective Data:
May sugatako as
verbalised by the pt
I’m pared skin
lrtegrlty retated to
response
secondary to.
Inlection
Wound is less than
5mm in diameter
Assessed skin
noted Color turgort
and observed
changes
Establishes
comparative
baseline providing
opportunity for
timely intervention
Several wounds
have dried up
Objective Data:
Wound is 5mm in
dianetel
Absence of redness
of erythema
Demons trated
good skin hygien
wash thorougly and
pat drycarefuly
Maintaining clean
dry skin provides
batter to infective
patting skin dry
instead of reduces
risk
Minimized
erythema