Topic Outline: What is Strabismus? Types of Strabismus Signs and Symptoms Causes of Strabismus Statistics in the World Medication and Treatment Eye Health Care What is Strabismus? Strabismus (crossed eyes) is a condition in which the eyes do not line up with one another. In other words, one eye is turned in a direction that is different from the other eye. Under normal conditions, the six muscles that control eye movement work together and point both eyes at the same direction. New strabismus that develops in an adult can result from many diverse conditions including thyroid eye disease, stroke or tumors. Sometimes, aging has caused a change in the soft tissue surrounding the eye that results in strabismus in the elderly, or there is no identifiable cause. Types of Strabismus Accommodative esotropia Intermittent exotropia Signs and Symptoms Eyes that don't look in the same direction at the same time. (If your child's eyes are only slightly misaligned, you may not notice.) Eyes that don't move together. Squinting or closing one eye in bright sunlight. Tilting or turning the head to look at an object. Bumping into things. (Strabismus limits depth perception.) Causes of Strabismus Most strabismus results from an abnormality of the neuromuscular control of eye movement. Our understanding of these control centers in the brain is still evolving. Less commonly, there is a problem with the actual eye muscle. Strabismus is often inherited, with about 30 percent of children with strabismus having a family member with a similar problem. Other conditions associated with strabismus include: Uncorrected refractive errors Poor vision in one eye Cerebral palsy Down syndrome (20-60% of these patients are affected) Hydrocephalus (a congenital disease that results in a buildup of fluid in the brain) Brain tumors Stroke (the leading cause of strabismus in adults) Head injuries, which can damage the area of the brain responsible for control of eye movement, the nerves that control eye movement, and the eye muscles Neurological (nervous system) problems Graves' disease (overproduction of thyroid hormone)

1. STRABISMUS

2. Topic Outline:
1.What is Strabismus?
2.Types of Strabismus
3.Signs and Symptoms
4.Causes of Strabismus
5.Statistics in the World
6.Medication and Treatment
7.Eye Health Care

3. HAVE YOU EVER ENCOUNTERED OR SEEN PEOPLE WITH THIS EYE
CONDITION?

4. What is Strabismus?
Strabismus (crossed eyes) is a condition in
which the eyes do not line up with one
another. In other words, one eye is turned in a
direction that is different from the other eye.
Under normal conditions, the six muscles that
control eye movement work together and point
both eyes at the same direction.

5. New strabismus that develops in an adult can
result from many diverse conditions including
thyroid eye disease, stroke or tumors.
Sometimes, aging has caused a change in the
soft tissue surrounding the eye that results in
strabismus in the elderly, or there is no identifiable
cause.

6. Types of Strabismus
 Accommodative esotropia
 Intermittent exotropia

7. Signs and Symptoms
 Eyes that don't look in the same direction at the same
time. (If your child's eyes are only slightly misaligned,
you may not notice.)
 Eyes that don't move together.
 Squinting or closing one eye in bright sunlight.
 Tilting or turning the head to look at an object.
 Bumping into things. (Strabismus limits depth
perception.)

8. Causes of Strabismus
Most strabismus results from an abnormality of the
neuromuscular control of eye movement. Our
understanding of these control centers in the brain is still
evolving. Less commonly, there is a problem with the
actual eye muscle. Strabismus is often inherited, with
about 30 percent of children with strabismus having a
family member with a similar problem.

9. Other conditions associated with strabismus include:
 Uncorrected refractive errors
 Poor vision in one eye
 Cerebral palsy
 Down syndrome (20-60% of these patients are affected)
 Hydrocephalus (a congenital disease that results in a
buildup of fluid in the brain)
 Brain tumors

10.  Stroke (the leading cause of strabismus in adults)
 Head injuries, which can damage the area of the brain
responsible for control of eye movement, the nerves
that control eye movement, and the eye muscles
 Neurological (nervous system) problems
 Graves' disease (overproduction of thyroid hormone)

11. Statistics of Strabismus in the world
Strabismus is one of the most common eye conditions
in children, affecting between 2 and 4 percent of the
population.
https://www.childrenshospital.org/conditions/
strabismus-and-amblyopia

12. Medication and Treatment
The most common treatments for strabismus are:
 Glasses. Wearing glasses can sometimes correct mild
strabismus.
 A temporary eye patch over the stronger eye if your child
has amblyopia. This can make the weak eye stronger,
which may help align the eyes. Your child may have to
wear the patch some or all of the time for a few weeks
or months.

13.  Surgery on the eye muscles. This is often the only way
to improve vision and better align the eyes. It may
take more than one surgery, and your child may still
need to wear glasses.

14. Other treatments may include medicines and eye
exercises.
Treatment for strabismus should begin as soon as
possible. In general, the younger the child is when
treatment begins, the better the chances are of
correcting the problem.
It's also important for your child to get follow-up exams.