الكتاب الاسود

1. ‫א‬ ‫‪ª‬א‬ ‫3102‬

3. ‫ا‬ ‫ا‬ ‫س‬ ‫ع‬ ‫ا‬ ‫....................................................................................‬ ‫ا‬ ‫9‬ ‫.............................‬ ‫31‬ ‫ّ ا ول : ا آ‬ ‫- ا‬ ‫ّ‬ ‫اّ‬ ‫لا ر‬ ‫..........................................................................‬ ‫أ‬ ‫و‬ ‫لا‬ ‫31‬ ‫.......................................................‬ ‫52‬ ‫...............................................................‬ ‫62‬ ‫‪............................................................... ATCE‬‬ ‫33‬ ‫ا رج .........................................................‬ ‫93‬ ‫أو‬ ‫ا‬ ‫د ....................................................................‬ ‫04‬ ‫د‬ ‫آ‬ ‫" ..................................................‬ ‫34‬ ‫............................................................‬ ‫84‬ ‫ّ ل ا ر‬ ‫ّف ا آ ا ّ‬ ‫....................................................‬ ‫35‬ ‫وا‬ ‫" .................‬ ‫96‬ ‫.................................................................‬ ‫37‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ا‬ ‫و‬ ‫آ‬ ‫ل"‬ ‫ا ورات ا ر‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ّ اّ‬ ‫ا‬ ‫:‬ ‫را‬ ‫ا‬ ‫وا‬ ‫ا‬ ‫:‬ ‫ا‬ ‫اءة ر‬ ‫ا‬ ‫2( أ‬ ‫ن‬ ‫ن‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ت اّ‬ ‫و‬ ‫وا‬ ‫ت وا ات وا‬ ‫م"‬ ‫ّ‬ ‫:1( ه ن‬ ‫ن ا ا ن وا و ن ا ّ م ا‬ ‫5( ه ى‬ ‫د 4(‬ ‫نا‬ ‫3(‬ ‫ا‬ ‫9(‬ ‫ر 8( ر ا‬ ‫7( ر ا‬ ‫6(‬ ‫ح‬ ‫ا 21(‬ ‫ا اه 11(‬ ‫01( ا‬ ‫ا‬ ‫3‬

4. ‫ر 41( ّ اد ا ّات 51(‬ ‫31( ا‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ا‬ ‫81(‬ ‫حا‬ ‫ي رك 71(‬ ‫61(‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ا‬ ‫اد 12(‬ ‫ي 02( ا‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ا‬ ‫91(‬ ‫42( ا‬ ‫32( ا ذ‬ ‫ا‬ ‫22(‬ ‫ا‬ ‫وي 72( رؤوف‬ ‫ّ ا‬ ‫ي 62(‬ ‫52( ا دي ا‬ ‫وي 03( ّ ا دي‬ ‫حا‬ ‫ا ي 92(‬ ‫رو 82(‬ ‫ا ري 33( آ ل‬ ‫ة 23(‬ ‫13( ا‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ّاد 73(‬ ‫ّ ت 63(‬ ‫53(‬ ‫43( ّ ا‬ ‫93( ا زري ا ّاد 04(‬ ‫ا ّ 83( ا دي ا ّ‬ ‫ز 34( ّ‬ ‫24( ا‬ ‫ا ادي 14( ّ‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ا 64( آ ل‬ ‫وب 54( رؤوف‬ ‫رة 44( ر ا‬ ‫ة 94( ا‬ ‫ا‬ ‫84(‬ ‫وي 74( ر ا‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ة‬ ‫25(‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ا‬ ‫15(‬ ‫ا ّ‬ ‫ري 05(‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ا ّه ر 55( ّوز‬ ‫45( ا‬ ‫ا دق‬ ‫35(‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ا ّاي 95(‬ ‫رة 85(‬ ‫75( ا ّ‬ ‫65(‬ ‫26( ا‬ ‫زآ ي 16( زه ا‬ ‫06(‬ ‫ا ر‬ ‫56( آ ل ا ا‬ ‫ا ا‬ ‫46(‬ ‫36( ّ‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ن‬ ‫ا ا 86(‬ ‫76( ّ ا‬ ‫ا‬ ‫66( ر ا‬ ‫27( ّ‬ ‫ا‬ ‫وي 07( إ ب ا وش 17(‬ ‫ا‬ ‫96(‬ ‫ل ا ّ‬ ‫37(‬ ‫ا‬ ‫57(‬ ‫47( ا‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ّ ـ ا ة‬ ‫ا ّ دي 87(‬ ‫ح 77( ـ‬ ‫د‬ ‫ا ري 67(‬ ‫ّ ش‬ ‫18(‬ ‫حا‬ ‫ا ـ ي 08(‬ ‫97( ّ‬ ‫ا ــ ي‬ ‫ر 48(‬ ‫اّ‬ ‫38(‬ ‫د‬ ‫28(‬ ‫88(‬ ‫78( ر‬ ‫ت 68( ن‬ ‫ّ ر ء‬ ‫58(‬ ‫..................‬ ‫09( ّ ر د‬ ‫98(‬ ‫ا‬ ‫و‬ ‫ع‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ن‬ ‫57‬ ‫6991‬ ‫ا و ا ون‬ ‫وإ‬ ‫و‬ ‫ا ّ م ...................................................................‬ ‫811‬ ‫ت و ق‬ ‫"وا ا ام‬ ‫ع‬ ‫ت 5002 ...........................................‬ ‫321‬ ‫ون‬ ‫ل‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ا‬ ‫4‬

5. ‫ا‬ ‫نا‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ّ ا ّا‬ ‫ا‬ ‫: ا‬ ‫وا‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ء -‬ ‫ا‬ ‫)وآ‬ ‫م ا ّ‬ ‫: ا‬ ‫ّ ا‬ ‫ إذا ا ّ ب - ا ذا‬‫12" - ا ذا ا‬ ‫7" و"‬ ‫"‬ ‫"(‬ ‫"‪ "La Presse‬و"ا‬ ‫‬‫ ا ذا ت ا‬‫ا‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ا ن ............................‬ ‫و ن وا‬ ‫ت ا‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ادات وا ه ت‬ ‫...........................................................‬ ‫ّ ا ّ دس : ا‬ ‫421‬ ‫941‬ ‫591‬ ‫ّ ..................................................‬ ‫ما ص‬ ‫302‬ ‫..........................................................................‬ ‫302‬ ‫............................................................................‬ ‫312‬ ‫ا ذا ت ا‬ ‫............................................................‬ ‫512‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ّ .............................................................‬ ‫712‬ ‫اب .............................................................‬ ‫022‬ ‫رة 41‬ ‫م ....‬ ‫ا‬ ‫با م‬ ‫522‬ ‫ا‬ ‫تا‬ ‫..............................................................‬ ‫522‬ ‫ا‬ ‫...........................................................................‬ ‫722‬ ‫ا‬ ‫( ...................‬ ‫432‬ ‫.......................................................................‬ ‫532‬ ‫•‬ ‫ا‬ ‫..............................................................‬ ‫932‬ ‫• ا‬ ‫.........................................................................‬ ‫042‬ ‫• ا‬ ‫............................................................‬ ‫142‬ ‫ز ......................................................................‬ ‫342‬ ‫ت‬ ‫وا إ ا اف ا‬ ‫وا ّ ب ا‬ ‫..................................................‬ ‫542‬ ‫.....‬ ‫642‬ ‫ا ّ‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ّا ّ‬ ‫1102 و‬ ‫ا‬ ‫:ا‬ ‫اآ‬ ‫وا‬ ‫با‬ ‫وا‬ ‫ا‬ ‫م وا‬ ‫• ا‬ ‫أ‬ ‫ا‬ ‫با م‬ ‫• ا‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ا ّ‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ا م‬ ‫ا‬ ‫وا ّ‬ ‫)ا‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ا‬ ‫:ا‬ ‫5‬ ‫اء وا‬ ‫اء ا ّ‬

6. ‫:ا ّتا‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ّاّ‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ّاّ‬ ‫:‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ّا‬ ‫نو‬ ‫قا‬ ‫ّ ع‬ ‫ا‬ ‫: ا ا‬ ‫...........................................................................‬ ‫162‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ّ ا دي‬ ‫وا‬ ‫ا‬ ‫م‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ة" و‬ ‫ات "ا‬ ‫: ق ا ّد‬ ‫دي .............................................................‬ ‫762‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ّا‬ ‫...........................‬ ‫572‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ّاّ‬ ‫ّا‬ ‫دة‬ ‫:اّ ّ ا ّ‬ ‫:ا‬ ‫ا ّآ ر "ا‬ ‫نا ّ‬ ‫..........................................‬ ‫ّ تا ّ‬ ‫م وا‬ ‫ا‬ ‫.........................‬ ‫742‬ ‫552‬ ‫ري ا ّ‬ ‫ر‬ ‫)آ‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ا ّأي ا‬ ‫(‬ ‫زو " ............................................‬ ‫و دا ....................................................‬ ‫آ وا ّ‬ ‫................................................................‬ ‫را ا‬ ‫" و ّ اّ م ّ‬ ‫"ا ب" ّ آ "ا ّ‬ ‫ّ‬ ‫ا آ .........................................................................‬ ‫أ‬ ‫ا‬ ‫أ‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ا‬ ‫آ آ ...................................................................‬ ‫..................................................................‬ ‫ا ّ‬ ‫................................................................‬ ‫ا‬ ‫آت–‬ ‫ي-‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ا ا م)‬ ‫ن‬ ‫ي ...( ..........................................‬ ‫ا‬ ‫–ا‬ ‫ر ......................................................................‬ ‫ا ري ...............................................................‬ ‫..................................................................‬ ‫آ‬ ‫................................................................‬ ‫ّه‬ ‫( ................................................‬ ‫)ا ّ‬ ‫...................................................................‬ ‫ا ر ......................................................‬ ‫حا‬ ‫.........................................................................‬ ‫ذ ّ ّ ............................................................‬ ‫.................................................................‬ ‫ّ ا‬ ‫6‬ ‫772‬ ‫582‬ ‫792‬ ‫992‬ ‫103‬ ‫203‬ ‫303‬ ‫503‬ ‫603‬ ‫903‬ ‫113‬ ‫413‬ ‫613‬ ‫813‬ ‫323‬ ‫423‬ ‫623‬ ‫723‬ ‫033‬

7. ‫ر ...............................................................‬ ‫م‬ ‫ري ا ري ..............................................................‬ ‫رك ................................................................‬ ‫ّ ا ة ..................................................................‬ ‫ا ّ ي .................................................................‬ ‫آ ل ا و ................................................................‬ ‫اوي ............................................................‬ ‫ا‬ ‫را‬ ‫ّ ا ...................................................................‬ ‫...................................................................‬ ‫رق ا‬ ‫...............................................................‬ ‫را‬ ‫...................................................................‬ ‫ا ر‬ ‫..................................................................‬ ‫..................................................................‬ ‫لا‬ ‫ا رو ........................................................‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ر ّ .................................................................‬ ‫ا ري ................................................................‬ ‫د ا ّوادي ................................................................‬ ‫ّ ...................................................‬ ‫ي‬ ‫ّ‬ ‫7‬ ‫133‬ ‫433‬ ‫533‬ ‫633‬ ‫933‬ ‫043‬ ‫143‬ ‫243‬ ‫343‬ ‫443‬ ‫543‬ ‫643‬ ‫743‬ ‫843‬ ‫943‬ ‫053‬ ‫153‬ ‫253‬

9. " .2011 2011 . " . . 9 " "

10. . . : " "- " " " " " " .ATCE ) " " " .(" " " " " " ( " " ) " 2004 ( 10 )

11. . – ) – – – (... – ( – ) – ATCE ... - ATCE : " " • " " . " " • . 2004 " " 2002 2014 • 2009 11

12. " " " " " " . • " " (ATCE ) . • . 12

13. : ‫א‬ú ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ (Agence Tunisienne de Communication Extérieure) ) ( . ATCE " " " ) .( : ATCE 13 "

14. (1 2006 STB ( ATCE ) 2 ... STAR CTN T.Télécom BH BNA (2 ATCE ATCE . ( ) (3 . : " Réalités" 15 10 "L’Economiste Maghrébin" " " "Le Temps" 12 (2007 14 3)

15. (4 ( ) . :( ) " • ATCE " 500 « L’épopée illustrée de la . Tunisie » 2010 • " 3000 " " " . 38.500 " " 2008 • 4 « Jeune Afrique » " La Tunisie d’aujourd’hui " 75 3000 ATCE 3000 ATCE . " ." • 200 ATCE " " " " Non Delanda Carthago : " " • " "Carthage ne sera pas détruite ATCE . 15

16. (5 ) – " " – – 2002 – ( ) – – 2005 (... ATCE " " . ATCE ." " :1 ATCE ( ) : (1 . 16

17. (2 . (3 50 . (4 . (5 . (6 . (7 " " : " " " ) " 2005 " « ANB » 1 " / " " / " " " " " " " " " / « ANN » .( « ART » « New TV » « « BBC « LCI » . 17 " (8

18. /"NBN" / " ") " (9 " ("Deutsche Welle" /"New Tv" /"ANB" ..." " " " " " " " (10 " " ... " " (11 . ATCE :2 : 18 (1 (" " " " " " " " " " " " : " " " " .(( ") " )" " " " ( )" ) " " " " " " ( " )" " (2 " ." (3 . "BBC World" "LCI" (4 18

19. " ) " " " ATCE .( (5 . (6 . (7 : ) ATCE (... (8 " " . : 24 "Christian Mollard" ATCE 2009 . 19 8

20. (9 . (10 Associated Presse UIP Reuters AFP . (11 . (12 " " . (13 ATCE . 20

21. " " " " " :1 " " " " " " " .Reuters " " : 2 "Le Monde" ATCE . ATCE . (14 . (15 . (16 ( " ) " " " 21 ) " "

22. " " " " (... (17 " " " " " ... " " " (18 . (19 ) .( " " " ." " " 22 (20

23. www.changement.com : : . (21 (22 . (23 ATCE . : " 8 " " "ANN" " 2006 ATCE ." " 18 ) " " " " .(" " (24 " PRP " – ( ) "Image 7" .(( ) " Arab Média " – ( : ) " AZ Consulting " – ( ATCE News " "ANN" "NBN" "Anb" 23 (25 ) )

24. (" " )" " " " "TV . : ) – (... (... – ) ( – ) ( – (... " – – ) " " " " " ) - . " – " – – – . – - . : " 2008 France 24 " " " " .Anb " 24 " "

25. ATCE ATCE . ( ) : • . • ) ) ) (... ( ) ( (2009 2005 ) 2001 – – 2004 1994 – – 2006 2002 1998 ) (... 2010 ... (2005 . )" • " • " .(2009 " • ." " 25 " "

26. : ATCE 50 100 200 320 150 290 . 800 . 800 3000 50 : 2009 26

27. ATCE UPI : (1 ." " (2 . . 39.935 50 ) (3 .2009 ( ATCE UIP (4 . (5 . . 13.770 . ( " ) ( ) ( ) (1 . . 12.980 " (2 . (1 . " . 19.583 " (2 . .2009 60 27 (3

28. ATCE (1 . " . 24.974 " ATCE ( (2 ) . . 72 (1 (2 . (3 . " . 41.397 (4 " ) ) " " .(" " " " .(" " (5 " " )" ) " (" 280 " (1 " .(" (2 . (3 . 48.220 . ( " (4 ." (5 " ." 28 " " )

29. ATCE . 9.126 (" " . ) 2009 44 ( ) – . 6.601 2009 ) 51 .ATCE " (" ) 36 . 3.883 2009 . ( 24 ) 2009 . 7.119 . (2011 . 10.352 « anb » . 320 . 48.434 14 . ( (1 2009 (2 29 ) ( )

30. ATCE " " " ") (" " " " " " " " " " ... " " " " " ." " " " (3 . " (4 ." (5 . 2009 (6 " " ) " " " " .(" " (7 . ATCE . 14.639 56 .2009 (1 (2 . . 9.790 (1 Transcription des ) 30 ( )

31. ATCE (conférences de presse .( ( (2 .( 3) . 47.000 . 14.573 . 13.860 . 12.941 . 11.805 . 11.647 . 10.780 . 10.780 . 9.680 . 9.593 . 9.458 . 9.411 . 9.240 . 9.020 . 8.470 . 8.400 . 8.360 . 8.360 . 8.310 31 )

32. ATCE . 8.250 . 8.235 . 7.920 . 8.092 . 7.719 . 7.590 . 7.480 . 7.285 . 7.119 . 7.087 . 7.087 . 7.040 ) . 7.040 (2010 963.384 . 106.616 32 2009

33. ( 2009 ) ATCE ( ) ) 8,474 1 ( ) 43 9,500 2 ( 9,047 ) 3 ( 737 " Image 7 " : AZ " – ( ) " PRP " – ( ) " Arab Média " – ( ) "Consulting ... ( ) 4 : 376 ) ( 1,818 ( ) . : 2009 33 5

34. . . - . .2009 7 - 29) 2009 64,607 6 (... 241,316 7 ... : : . ATCE " " . : ) " " " " " ( 34

35. (" Jeune Afrique " )" " " . - " " " " ) : " " " " " " " " " " .( ( ) . : " " " " 48 " " . 2006 " 20 " " ATCE - 2010 - " . (PDP) 35

36. " " "PDP" ATCE ( (" " ) " ") . " " - " " . : ) (1 Anb ( . (2 ATCE . " " " (3 " " . 36 "

37. ( ) 2006 (4 " 2006 BBC ATCE " . ."87/11/7" LCI )" " " " (5 ( Google Earth Wikipedia : : WIKIPEDIA . : GOOGLE - : : Keyhole • Markeup Language ( ) . " " : • . " " • .Dailymotion Youtube ) (6 ATCE " " .( " : 37 " *

38. . : 3 ATCE * . ATCE ) .(ATCE ANB : * - . . - . - ) ( . 38

39. : ATCE . : 2006 USA : " . . • • . • • .2005 . • . • 39 "

40. " " (2010 ) 3 " " 1 ATCE . 300 2 " " " " " ") (... " " : " " " " (1 2500 ANB 5000 . " . 45 150 " (2 2010 (3 "Gango Investments" ) " Marco Gannouna " 40

41. ATCE " " " (Les adresses IP) " ATCE ATCE .(" " –3 ") " " " " " " " (... " " –4 . " " " –5 " " 2010 " 17 ATCE " " ) 11/010 .( " " 41 2010 23

42. : " " ) " " ( ( )" " - ) " " ( .( ) " )" " - " .2005 ( " ATCE " " " " " ATCE . . 3 ATCE :( ") " " 2009 (" " " ) " " " . 42 "

43. : ATCE " " ATCE ( ) 7 1992 1993 Nicole Ladouceur & Luc Dupont La Tunisie une démocratie naissante L’Euro-Mediterraneita della Tunisia di Ben Ali Ben Ali, à l’enseigne des grands défis 1995 2002 Gateana pace ( ) : 1995 3 ) ( 1997 1999 Les défis de Ben Ali 2005 1997 1997 Tunisie, Le destin recouvré 1998 Un rêve plus loin- Carnets 1998 1998 tunisiens Salvatore Lombardo (Art-Sud Un printemps tunisien ) ( ) 2000 La revanche de Carthage 2007 Chroniques Tunisiennes 1999 Ben Ali et le modèle Tunisien 2002 Valentin Mbougueng 43 La Tunisie en Afrique

44. ( 2006 Instiutions et vie politique en ) Tunisie La Tunisie émergente une voie 2009 pour l’Afrique Ben Ali, l’éthique au service 1999 politique 1999 1999 ( 1999 ) 2001 : 2001 : 1999 2000 ( ) ) 2000 ( 2000 ( ) ) 2000 ( 2000 2000 ATCE La Tunisie à l’orée du nouveau millinaire Démocratie et Droits de l’Homme en Tunisie Marceau Bigéni 44

45. 2001 2001 René Blanchot & Marceau Bigéni La Tunisie de Ben Ali et le partenariat Euro-Mediterranéen John Marks & Mank Ford Tunisia : Stability and growth in the new millenium 2002 2004 2002 : 2002 2004 2002 2002 2003 ( ) Pour un développement solidaire, l’expérience de la Tunisie Vincenzo Paracasi L’approccio tunisino alla solidarita 2003 2003 La Tunisie de Ben Ali, les défis de l’émergence Yves Brissette Luc Dupont La Tunisie, exemple de pays éclairé Tunisia, a journey through a country that works 2000 2003 Georgie Anne Geyer 2004 Tunisie, un pays qui avance 45

46. . 2003 Z.A. Ben Ali, les grands changements 2003 ( 2004 ) Ben Ali, l’Homme des promesses tenues 2004 2004 : 2005 ( ) (" 2005 " ) " ) (" ) ( " " ) 2005 " " ( 2006 ( ) 2006 2007 L’épopée illustrée de la Tunisie Le miracle tunisien : Les réalisations et les réformes du Président Z.A. Ben Ali Sergey Filatov ( ) 46

47. ( 2007 2007 ( ) ) : ) 2007 ( " : " : 2008 ( ) De la dérive au sursaut : La Tunisie de Bourguiba à Ben Ali 2008 2008 Laura Lathan Ben Ali à l’enseigne des grands défis 2009 Robert Khayat Z.A.B.Ali, bâtisseur de la Tunisie moderne 2008 François Becet Tunisie, porte ouverte sur la modernité 2007 Antoine Sfeïr Tunisie, terre de paradoxes 2009 Andrew Borowiec ( ) 47 ( )

48. ATCE ATCE " " " " " " ." " : ATCE (1 (2 (3 (4 (5 (6 (7 (8 (9 (10 (11 (12 (13 48

49. ( ) (14 (15 (16 (17 (18 (19 (20 (21 (22 (23 (24 (25 (26 (27 (28 (29 (30 (31 (32 (33 (34 (35 (36 (37 (38 (39 (40 49

50. (41 (42 (43 (44 (45 (46 ATCE . : " " " " " " " ANN . " 2007 ) 2009 (ATCE " " – – ) – – .( 50 –

51. ATCE 2009 – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – (PSL) – ( – 51 – – – – (RCD) – (PUP) ) ) – ( – – – – – – (MDS)

52. ATCE 2009 – – – – – – – – ( – – – – – ) – – – – ( – ) – ) – – 52 – ( – – – ( ( – ) )

53. : ‫א‬ú ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ú ‫א‬ " " . ATCE . ATCE . %60 53

54. %40 ATCE . Tunis Air – – ) ATCE .(... ATCE . : –I : 54

55. (1 2010 . 676 ( . 468 Le Qoutidien . 676 ( . 676 ) La Presse ) Le Renouveau ( ) Le Temps . 676 ( ) . 572 . 676 ( ) . 520 . 468 . 364 . 65 Tunis Hebdo . 65 Tunisia News . 104 . 104 . 43 . 146 . 113 . 195 . 48 . 104 . 41 . 156 . 52 . 83 55

56. 2010 . 52 L’Observateur . 52 L’Expression . 52 . 32 . 32 . 32 . 32 . 32 . 28 L’Economiste Maghrebin . 7 Tourisme Info . 8 La Gazette Touristique . 24 . 6 La Gazette du Sud . 24 Manager . 26 Nuance Magazine . 60 Nos Enfants . 7 Profession Tourisme . 24 Sciences Plus . 9 Tunivision . 15 . 12 . 12 . 9 . 6 . 12 56

57. 2010 . 12 . 24 . 18 . 48 . 30 Livret Santé . 18 . 18 Femme de Tunisie . 100 ( . 36 ( ) Univers sport ) Planet Magazine . 9 . 15 . 30 . 12 . 9 The Tunisian Digest . 30 . 6 . 2 . 14 : "Le Renouveau" " " ( ( " " 57 )

58. "Le Temps" . " " " " " " " " " " " " . ( : ATCE . 950 ( ) . 1250 . 625 ( ( ) . 625 . 1250 " ) ( ) ( ) " ( .(PDP) " STB CTN " ( ) Tunis Air ) ( ( " Planet Magazine .( ) 58 "

59. ( (" " ) . : (2 : 2006 : ATCE 604.000 46.000 56.000 116.000 " 121.000 " " " 59.000 55.000 63.000 60.000 60.000 1.240.000 : ( ) " " " .ATCE 20.000 59 " (

60. " 2010 %90 " ( . : (3 : 2006 : ATCE 1.571.000 7 39.000 21 654.000 800.000 (2007 ) 2.264.000 : " 2010 %100 %75 "21 " " " " ." 7 : " – II : .ATCE .1 .2 . 60

61. .3 . : .1 . .2 .ATCE .3 . ATCE ATCE " " Tunis Air . : ATCE Arabies, Arabies Trends, Editions : Arabies .( ) 120.000 ... , Autres temps : Afrique-Asie ) Jeune Afrique 2005 ( ( . 323.300 . 18.800 ) Afrique Magazine 61

62. 19.500 J.A 285.000 200.000 Tunis Air A.M . (" 104.000 ") " Réalités" " " ) 52.000 156.000 .( : (" " ) " " 159.000 Tunis Air 65.000) 15.000 .00080 .( (2009 43) "Arabies" " " "Trends" .(" ) 400 " Arabies " ( ) 1 " " ." 236 62 Afrique " " Magazine ( ) 2

63. 240 " Afrique Asie " ( ) . 670 " Jeune Afrique " ( ) . 119 30 + . . 3 : "La Tunisie : Pourquoi ça marche ? " . . " 4 IC " " Publications African Business – ) New African – The 5 ( Middle East ( ) ) 2009 " " – – " " – " . 110 –" – (... 63 –" –" –" " " "–" "–" "–" (" ) " " " 6

64. 500 " – 2009 ) " . 400 – – – " " ) "Monday Morning" 7 "La Revue du Liban" ( ) 7 – – (... 15 ) (ATCE . 50 38 . 35 . 33 . " " " " " . – " (... 240 8 9 " ( ) " (" ) 10 –" 30 ) – 2009 " . 110 " (... 64 " ( " ) 11

65. 22 2009 . 20 " " ( " ) 12 ." 177) – . 66 .(2009 partenariat " "Maghreb Europe 13 12 37 Challenge " ATCE . 50 "Hebdo ( . (2010 ) ATCE " (MBC 600 300 ( " "ANB TV" ) ) "ANN TV" ( ) 65 . 2,525 14 )

66. 300 150 100 ( ) "New TV " ) )" ( ) "NBN" 48 . " ( 75 . " ( 28 ( " "Radio Soleil" ) Radio France " "Maghreb ( ) 83 24 ( . 33) . " Radio Montréal" 150 400 . Radio Tounes " "Bledi "Arabies" 670 Jeune Afrique 400 240 236 . 180 200 + . Afrique Asie 3,745 Afrique Magazine 240 110 " " " " 66

67. 110 . " " IC Publications 68 II Dialogo 66 Partenariat Europe Maghreb 50 Middle East Online 60 . 119 Tunisie Plus 50 Challenge Hebdo 50 20 00216 Magazine 5 10 10 10 10 15 20 10 15 10 10 10 2500 10 10 35 67

68. 5 10 5 10 5 10 5 5 5 30 10 5 15 20 10 35 20 30 10 25 20 10 20 12.8 60 Prestige ( ) Oxford Business Group 6,353 9,500 , .2010 68

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143. ATCE (" " " ANB 143 " )

144. NBN New TV ARTE – Middle East Online ANN ANN ANB 144

145. ANB Middle East Middle East Anver Versi Hommes d’Affaires Hommes d’Affaires Stephan Day Jewish Telegraph Paul Harris House of Lords Tom Mac Nally Fr2 Gérard Klein Le Figaro Magazine Joseph Mace-Scaron Fr2 Françoise Laborde Le Figaro Magazine Bruno Seznec Paris Match Jean-Marie Bourget TV5 Fréderic Mitterand Valeurs Actuelles Gérard Gachet Arabies Le Figaro Michel Schiffres Le Figaro Alain Gérard Slama 145

146. LCI Jean Claude Dassier Radio France Patrice Gelinet Fr3 Christian Malard Nouvel Afrique Asie Trends Julien Hawary Arabies Radio Orient Faouzi Chalak TV5 Amobé Mvegué Fr2 TME Les Cahiers de l’Orient Antoine Sfeir Michel Kik RFI Zohra Sotty La dépêche du Midi Jean Jacques Rouch Art Sud Salvadore Lambardo Dernières nouvelles d’Alsace Gérard Cardone France Télévision Gérard Sabagh Agence Act Média Télé Matin William Lemergie AFP L’Alsace François Becet Le Figaro Magazine Thierry Déransart Partenariat Europe-Maghreb Huges Wagner Le Nouvel Observateur Josette Alia 146

147. Marianne & L’Observateur Le Point Claude Imbert Radion Classique Gérard Bonos Le Parisien Dominique de Motvalon Bernard de la M6 Villardière Nouvel Afrique Asie Simon Malley PME-KMO Alain Deladrière Femmes d’Aujourd’hui Christelle Gilquin Canal Z Raphael Piret Trends tendances Jean-François Sacré Regards revue Juive de Belgique Denis Baumerder The Washington Times Andrew Borowiec USA Georgie Ann Geyer Lucien Meysels La Razon Pedro Canales Tramite Parlementario Luis Suarez Gonzales 147

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150. 2001 " 2004 " " " 2009 1999 1994 1989 " " RCD " " 2001 2004 " " " " . " " : 150

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156. Erich ALAUZEN Pourquoi je suis fier de vivre en Tunisie? ) 27 2001 ( 14 7 2001 . : 7 2001 – – – – – ) – 23 2001 17 2001 – ( ) ( – – – – – – – 12 2001 – – – – – ) –( 156 La Presse

157. – – – – – – – –( – –( ) ) ) ( – – – – 24 2001 – – ( ( – ) 27 2001 ) ( ) ( ) 2001 2001 " " ( ) 2004 157 2001

158. ) ( ( ) – ) ( ) ... ( 2001 ( Ben Ali ou la quête de l’excellence ) ) (INN ( ) 2004 2001 24 2001 Le Renouveau 24 2001 24 2001 Jacob Petrus VAESSEN La Tunisie entre de bonnes mains ( 24 2001 ) 24 2001 ( ) 158 26 2001 La Presse

159. 26 2001 Pour la consécration des valeurs du changement 26 2001 Le Renouveau 11 2001 Le Renouveau 31 2001 Le Renouveau ) 25 2001 Le Renouveau ) 28 2001 Le Renouveau 31 2001 Le Renouveau 12 2001 Le Renouveau Ben Ali, le choix de l’avenir 7 2001 Le Renouveau Le cœur et la raison 27 2001 Le Renouveau L’appel du cœur à l’âme 4 2001 Le Renouveau Ben Ali, une vision équilibrée 7 2001 Le Renouveau L’œuvre à parfaire ( ( ) ) Un appel du cœur ( La légitimité du bon sens ( Pour que l’élan ne soit pas brisé ( Une volonté politique générée par les ambitions d’un peuple ) ) (INP Ben Ali l’appel de la raison ( ) (ISHMN ) 159

160. ( ( ( ) 26 2001 ) 21 2001 ) 11 2001 ) ( ( ( 31 2001 ) 25 2001 ) 30 2001 / 28 2001 ( 29 2001 ) ( 29 2001 ) 14 2001 ) ( ( ) 160 07 2001 1 2001

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163. ( 6 2001 ) 22 2001 " " 21 2001 30 2001 2004 ( ( ) 28 2001 ) + + 6 2001 + 11 4 2001 Le sens d’un choix La Constitution : Expression suprême de la volonté d’un peuple 28 2001 ) ( 163 Réalités 17 11 2001 Réalités

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165. Le temps des bâtisseurs La force de la Tunisie Pourquoi sommesnous pour Ben Ali ? ) (Communicateur) ( ) Le sens d’un hommage La Presse 26 2001 La Presse 14 2001 Le Quotidien 27 2001 ( 27 2001 Le Quotidien 27 2001 2004 16 2001 16 2001 9 2001 28 2001 ... ( ) 23 2001 1 2001 165

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186. " " " " (37 . (38 . (39 . : Valentin Mbougeng (40 "La Tunisie émergente une voie pour l’Afrique" (41 "France 24" A animé une conférence de presse et publié des tribunes Président du club Suisse de la Presse Genève Ont toujours adopté une attitude positive à l’égard de la Tunisie La Gazette du " Guy Mettan (42 (43 " Maroc Challenge " " Hebdo 35 (44 (45 . 186

187. (46 La Fourmi (47 Laico (48 (49 (50 (51 Range Tour CTKD . (52 (53 Bizerta Ressort (54 Travel Ways (55 Songo Tataouine (56 Tunisie Voyages et (57 Hannibal Tour Skanes Thalassa Village (58 (59 Diplomat (60 Voyage 2000 (61 Coralis (62 Oasis (63 (64 Gafsa Palace (65 (66 (67 187

188. Venerria (68 (69 Marilia (70 (71 " " " " (72 Avant-garde (74 (73 (75 (76 SNDP . . (77 STIR . . (78 (79 (80 (81 (82 (83 Meublatex (84 (85 Media-diffusion (86 Electro Ben Ayed (87 250 (88 SOTETEL (89 (90 188

189. SOTUDIS (91 SFBT (92 (93 Ambassadeurs (94 (95 CAMU (96 SARRA CARD (97 " WAP SMS (98 " ATCE (99 (100 (101 ) ( STB (102 .. (103 189

190. (104 (105 (106 (107 (108 Le Renouveau " " (109 (110 (111 SNIP 190

191. (112 . 20 " " " (113 " (114 (115 (116 (117 (118 (119 (120 " " (121 (122 . (123 . . (124 (125 (126 191

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194. (161 (162 (163 TAP (164 TAP (165 " " (166 (167 (168 Afrique Magazine (169 Julien Hawari (170 Arabies Gaetana Pace (171 (172 " " " (173 " (174 (175 194

195. : ‫א‬ú ‫א‬ ‫מא‬ "21 " "7 ‫א‬ " " " "La Presse" . " :( " ) (1 .( ) " " " . 195 "

196. : " " " (1 .2006 (1 .2008 (2 ) 2005 .( " " .2002 " .2006 ." (2 (3 " " (3 " (4 (5 .2007 . (6 (7 . .UGTT (8 ) – – ( ... " " (9 .2005 " " . 196 " " (10 2005

197. : (1 " " " " 48 . (2 . (3 ) .( : : " " " " . ) " " : ( 2009 2009 28 8 197

198. .. .2009 : " " ." " – . (2 21 7 . : 21 7 . 198

199. " .(" " " " " ") " " " ." " " " " " " . " " " ) !! " " " " .( . : ATCE 199

200. ) " " " " " ". " " ". " " " " ... " .( ( : (1 ." " ) (2 ( " " . . (3 ) (4 " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " (..." 200 " "

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202. :" " "La Presse" 2008 ( 26 " La Presse " " " !! . 202

203. : ‫א‬ú ‫א‬ ‫מא‬ ‫א‬ : (1 " . 2003 " " : 13 « Tuni-Media » .( )" " " . : . " " ) 5 2006 - 5 .( 10 2007 203 -

204. " " . - 2007 2008 .2007 - STEG ERTT . : 2010 - 20 • . ) « AVIP » ( . • 28 3 204

205. ( 940 ) 6 ) .( " " • .( 460) SMS • ." " . • "!! " . - 2008 "Cactus" ) " " ( . " ." 2010 ( . 2) 2009 60 ." 205 "

206. : " (" " ") (" . " " . 206 ")

207. :" " 2008 " " ..2008" " " 27 " . 2008 2008 12 . 2009 " : " " 4 24 2009 10 " . 22 !! " " 207

208. " " " " 2009 22 24 " 2009 22 23 " 18 2009 " 2009 2010 29 . " !! " 2009 ." " : " ... 1987 ." " 7 " " ATCE " " " " " " .ATCE 2010 !! 208

209. : : ( : ) (1 .( . (2 ) (3 (... (4 ( ) .(20 (21 ) %30 : " ) " " " . : 209 (

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211. " " " " ) .( " " – 2006 – 2005) (2007 6 2009 2008 2009 300 28 2008 !! " " 28 . (" ") (" ") " 211 "

212. " " " " )" " (" " " " ... (De jure) " " " (De facto) " " " . :1 " " ) – – (... : . –1 " 2004 " 1225 –2 Nilesat .( ) SMS :2 " ATCE . 212 "

213. :3 " " ) " " " 2011 " (" 23 " . :4 " " " " (" " " " .!! " :" .2009 " : - " %50 " " . ." " 23 Quinta Communications Mediaset " ) " " " - 213

214. ATCE : " " (ATCE) " " (1 " (1 " . 5 . (2 " (2 " " " . ) . (3 .(CNSS) ( (4 ." " (5 " " ) " " 1991 1997 ) .(2003 (6 Star Academy » 100 « Maghreb 5 214

215. (ATCE) " " 225 .( ( 5 / . 1.1) (7 " " 3 . 2) . : (2 « Mosaïque » " " 2003 7 : (1 . " " (2 . (3 . (4 . 215

216. " " : " " . :" " : " (1 .2007 " " 13 " (2 . " (3 ." "FM " : (1 10 .2010 " 27 2010 " (2 .(Tunisia Broadcasting) : "Express FM" : (1 21 .2010 " " " " (2 . 216

217. : (1 . (2 " " " " ") (... " " " " " . (3 " " . (3 :( ( )" " ": ") . :( )" ) " ( . 217 ": "

218. :( ) " : " . :( ) : . ." " " ) " : :( 2008 (Convention de pige) = (... CNSS – . " :( ) " ) : . :( ) " 218 : "

219. " " (.. :( " – ) ) Tunis Hebdo : " !! : ) (... . : " Tunisie/ Terrorisme et opportunisme" "La Gazette du Maroc" 22 503 2007 " " 25 ) (" " 219 " "

220. "Le Quotidien" " "Le Temps" " " ." " " : (4 . ) "Le Renouveau" " " ( . : 2007 2009 " " . 220 " "

221. : ) .( ) 221

222. .(" ( " ) " " ) " 2009 .(" " " " " . " " : " " " 2003 " " " " " " " " " " ." " " " " 222 "

223. " " " !! (" "–" "–" ") . " " " " . : " PDP " . 2007 PDP " " " " . 223

224. (2007 ) " " 419 . .( " " ) : ATCE . ( ) : . ) (... 224

225. ‫א ‪ú‬א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫:‬ ‫א‬ ‫מ‬ ‫41‬ ‫א‬ ‫1102‬ ‫א‬ ‫:‬ ‫41‬ ‫1102 :‬ ‫41‬ ‫9891‬ ‫1102‬ ‫"‬ ‫"‬ ‫)‬ ‫/‬ ‫/‬ ‫...(‬ ‫‪ATCE‬‬ ‫(‬ ‫)‬ ‫"‬ ‫"‬ ‫.‬ ‫522‬

226. : –1 14 " 2008 " – – : ) – – – (... . –2 10 2003 . ( ) " " ) " – – – (... 226 "

227. " " ( – 2003 " " ) ) (... 2006 2011 14 . : : : " " 227 " "

228. " " 2001 .2004 " " 2008 2008 12 13 . . : : 228 (

229. (1 " " ) 31 .( 7" 30 " 15 " " 17 " " " " 30 " (2 . (3 . : " ( " " ." " " " " " " . 229 "

230. " " ." :" " " " " ) " " ( . . . " " " " 230

231. . (2008 3) " " " " (2009 " 3) " " " " " " " ) ( : 2009 15 ) .( : (1 . 231

232. (2 . (3 . (4 . (5 . (6 . ATCE : 2009 " 2 " ." " ) " " " . .2009 4 . (7 UGTT : " ) " ATCE " UGTT 232 "

233. " ."2009 (" " 28 " ." . ( : 2009 " " 2008 13 . : " " 2009 (1 100 . . (2 150 (3 – – ) (... 233

234. " " " " " " ) .( : . ) : ( . : (1 : (2 . " " ( ) (ATCE ) .( " " " ) " " 234 " " " " "

235. " " . : ( 1991 1994 ATCE ... . : " " 1991 . " " " " " " " . 235 " " "

236. . . . : ( : ) " " " " " " (2005 " 5) (2005 26) ( ." ) " ." ( 236

237. ( ) .2004 " : 28) (2005 "... " " " " ... " " " (2007 ... 5) " " . ) ( 18 : " " )" (12 ": 2005 27 ." " 237 " " ": "

238. " ": " ": " 1997 " : 2001 " " " " " " : " " " " . " " " " ." " " " " " " " " . " " " " " " " ... " " " " : " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " 238 " " " " " "

239. " " " " ." " ( ATCE . : ) " ( – ) – " 2005 . . : " " . 9 10) (2005 29) (2005 . : 2005 " " !! . 239 4 (2005 6)

240. ( . : . . . 25) (2002 ." " " 2005 " (2005 2) . " " 1994 . 240

241. 2004 9) (1994 ": 75 ." " 70 Côte d’Azur " ( " " ) « Le Figaro » . " " 2007 . : ( ) " " " ( " . 241

242. : :1 . 2004 ... " " (2004 " 4) (2004 19) (2004 ) 3) (2004 ( 22) " " " ": ( ) " : ) .(1987 7 : " " " ." 242

243. :2 " " 2005 28 " " ": " "... : " ( " . : :1 RCD (1999 ) " " " .( " : 2004 " ." " " " " . " 2004 243 3) ": "

244. :2 :( – ) 2004 : %96 . %4 : . %11 %78 %89 RCD . %69 %98.3 .%1.7 ( ) : 2011 14 . : . (1 (2 . 244

245. (3 . (4 . : 245

246. : : " " " " . : ) (1 (... ) ( ) (2 (... . (3 . (4 (5 . . (6 : . . . .( ) 246

247. ‫א ‪ú‬א‬ ‫א‬ ‫:‬ ‫א‬ ‫‪ª‬א‬ ‫.‬ ‫"‬ ‫.‬ ‫"‬ ‫"‬ ‫"‬ ‫)‬ ‫...(‬ ‫:‬ ‫1(‬ ‫.‬ ‫2(‬ ‫(‬ ‫)‬ ‫"‬ ‫)‬ ‫.‬ ‫742‬ ‫"‬

248. ( . 13 " " ) .( 13 . " " " " ) " " " (" – " " " " ATCE " ) 248 "

249. " " ( . : : (1 – : – – ... ... : (2 37 8 . (3 . . (4 : 249 (5

250. 1959 " " . . ) 25 ( . ) (... . 32 . : (1 250

251. (2 . (3 " " . . 13 . :1 : 251

252. " " – 7 " " " " "Femmes" "FM " " " " "1 " " :2 " "Le Journal" – " " ") "La Presse" " " " .( 20 )" :3 " 2008 " 17 " " 252

253. " " " " .2004 1999 " " 2009 2004 1999 ) " ( " ) .( ." " 253

255. : ‫א‬ú ‫א‬ ‫א‬ª ‫א‬ú : (" " )" " : ) ( ( ) UGTT ) UGTT .( . UGTT : ) (2006 . :" ) " 2007 ( 20 " 255 : "

256. ) .( " " 2004 " " " " " " UGTT . " " ) UGTT ( " " " " .( ) : UGTT ." " : 2008 " UGTT " UGTT " " . 256

257. " " " " " " ) . ( : : " " UGTT " " ."2009 (" " " ) 28 " ." " " : : 2005 ( ) " " . 257

258. (1 : (2005 28) " " " " UGTT . " " " " " " . (2 : (2005 30) " " " " )" " " " .( ( ) " " " " . " " 258

259. " " " " " " " " ... " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " ... " " " " " " " " " " : UGTT " " (" ) UGTT . " " " : " 2009 UGTT / " " ) " " / / " .( " " UGTT . 259 "

261. ‫א ‪ú‬א‬ ‫א א‬ ‫:‬ ‫א‬ ‫:‬ ‫¯א‬ ‫6002‬ ‫"‬ ‫"‬ ‫31‬ ‫"‬ ‫6002‬ ‫"‬ ‫.‬ ‫.‬ ‫.‬ ‫"‬ ‫"‬ ‫"‬ ‫162‬ ‫"‬

262. " " . " " ( ) " " 108 " " : . . . ." " " " " " " " " " " " LTDH " " " " " " ) .( " " 3 262

263. " " . " . " " . 263 "

264. : 2006 " 13 " LTDH : (... ) (1 " ." " " " " ( ) " (2 . " (2006 / " " ) ") (3 " (... " " " " " " " . (4 " LTDH " . " " " " : 264 (5

265. . " " (6 . " " " " " (7 " " " ) (... " " (8 . : ... .( ) . 265

266. : (" " ) " " (1 "Freedom House – .( " " " ) (2 ( ) . " " . LTDH . 266

267. : " ‫א‬ú ‫א‬ ‫ "א‬ª‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫¯א‬ ‫א‬ ‫מא‬ :" " : " " . ATCE " " . : " " " " " " ATCE . 267

268. " 2006 " " . " " " 2000 . : " " - . - . . - 268

269. " " " " " " ." " " " " " " " ... : " " " " ATCE 2010 " " " " " " " " " " " ATCE . 269 "

270. ATCE : " " : :I (1 . " " " " " " " ." " (2 " " " " " (UGTT) " " " " . " " " " " (3 " . " " " " (4 . (5 . (6 " " .ATCE 270

271. : AP : II AFP (1 ATCE DPA Reuters . (2 . " " ) (3 . (" " : 27 : 2010 France 24 ( TV – ) ( " " ) ATCE ATCE 1 .2010 271

272. : : 1996 – ) – – – – .(... 2002 " " " " " " " " " ATCE " : (1 – ) – – – – – – – (... – – (2 . 272

273. (3 . . (4 " )" " (5 .(" (6 .( ATCE ) . 273

275. ‫א ‪ú‬א‬ ‫א‬ ‫:‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫1(‬ ‫א‬ ‫:‬ ‫0102‬ ‫)‬ ‫06‬ ‫(.‬ ‫"‬ ‫"‬ ‫.‬ ‫2(‬ ‫:‬ ‫.‬ ‫...(‬ ‫)‬ ‫572‬ ‫:‬

276. . . ) (... " /" "/" " "/" ") .("PDP" / "POCT" ) . (... . . ) (... 276

277. : ‫א‬ú ‫א‬ ‫מ א‬ ( ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ) ) (ATCE " " ) ( 2004 ( ) ) ( .(... ) RCD . (... ) : (1 ... 277

278. ... (2 ( ) ) ( ATCE " " " " " " " " " " " ) . 278 "

279. .( " Le Renouveau " " " " " " " . ATCE (1 . ) " " " " (" " " 279 " "L’Audace"

280. " " " (" " " ) ) " " .( : .(" " " " " " )" " ) " " " .(" .(" " )" " " " ) " " .(" La " "A l’encre de vivre" ) " " .("Presse .(" " –" " " " )" ) " " .(" .(" " .(" " " .(" " " " " " " " )" " " )" " )" 280 " "

281. .(" .(" " " " " )" " " " " )" " ) " " .(" .(" " )" )" .("Le Temps" .(" " " " . ("Le Renouveau " )" " )" " )" ". .(" ) " MDS " " .( ) " " .(" .(" " " )" " " " " . 281 "

282. : ( ) : . " . " . :" " " " " " :( )" " " 2009 " ." " :1 " " ) :2 :( 1999 ( ) ( ) " " . " " !! " " " 282 "

283. Ø Ħ ? ‫ א‬ª ?

285. ) LTDH (1994 1989 ACHR CNLT Congrès pour la 2011 ) République 14 .(2001 24 2000 . . ATCE . 285

286. – 1989 (LTDH) 1994 .1994 4 1994 1994 5 LTDH ( ) ) 30 ( ) .( 286 5

287. .1994 11 (PDP ) 20 1994 . ) ( . (Retour à l’envoyeur) 287

288. ) ( . . Reuters – La Croix Diario 16 . El Pais 1994 24 ( « BBC » ) 5 .1994 .1994 288 1994

289. . 1994 24 ATCE . 1994 « Réalités » La Presse : . . 1994 1994 . 289 13

290. . 1996 19 . . (1999 5 ) 1999 ( ) 1999 7 . CNLT 1999 CNLT 290 5

291. . ( . ) 1999 – 23 .1999 ) .( 2000 2000 4 . 2000 Reuters 4 .( ) ) 291 22

292. (2000 42 . . . : « Le Président Clinton, ne devrait pas soutenir un régime qui est l’antithèse des valeurs que nous partageons tous » 2000 . ) ( . Human Rights Watch 28 2000 2000 .2000 292 2 30 25

293. ATCE . 2000 27 2000 18 2000 30 . (CNLT) . 8) 4 10 ( . 2001 . ) 293 7

294. .(2001 8 2001 2001 24 30 . : • . • • . . 2000 12 5 ( ) Jacques Chirac . 2001 30 . 294

295. 2001 8 2006 7 2008 16 . 2001 12 Alain Renon ( ) . . . . . 2010 ( ) 295

296. (Persona non grata) . . 10 . 296 2010

297. . 1989 . 1991 . – ) – 297

298. (... ) (... : ) .( 298

299. : 2011 14 . ( ) ( ) 6 2007 ) 2007 ( 3 . : 2009 31 . 299

300. . . : : 2002 24 . : . ) .( . 1998 . 300

301. : ATCE 2002 31 2003 ( ATCE . ( ) . 1987 . 301

302. : . . . ) .( . . . 302

303. : (1 . (2 . . . (3 (4 . Middle East On-line 2008 . 303

304. 1991 1991 .1987 16 ATCE 2008 2008 15 ( ) . . : ) .( 304

305. 2002 Télé-Liberté 7 L’Audace . 2003 .Mecca Cola ATCE Michel Boyon (CSA) 2007 CSA 2007 (Med-Fm) 2 Med- Radio Soleil .Fm .ATCE . 305

306. ‫م‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ن‬ . : : : : . ( (1 (2 2001 ) AOL ( ) MOR ( ( ) .( ( ) ) 4 1998 . 306 )

307. : 2010 14 2003 . . . .2010 ) (3 (2004 2007 9 1992 . ) (1993 (4 1992 2008 ( ) . . 307

308. : ) .( : (5 20 1986 . 1988 . 1998 .( . 308 )

309. ( ) : (1 . (2 . (3 . 23 2006 : .2006 25 (4 309

310. ) .( . (5 : !! 310

311. LTDH ( ) 1999 – 1994 MDS . ) I :( 1996 18 Philippe 11 Chansay Wilmotte . 5 1996 1996 .( ) 1996 . 1997 17 . 1997 . 311

312. ATCE II : . • . • : (1 : !! : ! . (2 . 1997 Salvatore Lombardo 11 (3 ATCE Art-Sud 1998 . (4 1997 Abe Nathan .!! : 312

313. (5 . : 1996 . 1999 5 ( ) ) .( 1999 200 29 2 .( 313 ) 1999

314. ( ) : 3 1997 29 22 ) . : ATCE . LTDH . LTDH . .(SNCFT) . 314

315. : . 10 5 . : . : (4 ) 2000 20 (1 (2 315 :

316. : . : 2008 ATCE ) ( . ) .( : (ATCE ) (1 . (2 2007 ) .ATCE 12 316

317. ( : ATCE . : 18 18 : 18 . 317

318. ( ) ( La Croix ) : 2000 4 2000 : 3 42 2000 . : ( ) . 3 2000 27 2000 28 . . 318

319. : 2000 2 84072 ) .( 2000 2 84073 ) .( 2000 3 . 2000 3 . 2000 7 : (Hélène Flautre Desir Harlen) (Robert Menard) (Daniel Cohn-Bendit) Le Figaro Le Monde .(France 2 ) Libération France Soir Le Parisien 319

320. : . : . Le Figaro – Libération – Le Parisien – Le Monde – France- ATCE Soir – La Croix ) . (... : Nicolas Beau Le Canard enchainé LTDH Le dissident dessonant : . 9 Le Figaro .2000 Grenoble 10 . . ) 320 . ATCE 2000 .(

321. ( ) . (Robert Menard ) . : * 3 . : 2010 2010 6 2010 19 : 538 321

322. . . 322

323. ( ) 2007 ( . 323 )

324. 18 . 2009 2009 24 . : • . • . . 324

325. 1990 2004 ( ) ( ) . 325

326. (L’Audace ) : 1984 L’Audace . . ( ) . 326

327. POCT PDP ) 75 (... . 2005 : (1 ) .( (2 – : ) / / ( / . 327

328. : 2) .(2005 : ) IFEX CNLT LTDH ( – ) (... : – (1 . : *(+) . ( . 328 ) (2005 (2005 29) 3)

329. (2005 3) (2005 . 3) : . Attachement à la primauté de la loi et à l’impartialité de la justice Le Renouveau (2005 . 3) + : (*) (2 : Femmes contre la violence, Women against violence. Qui essaie de blanchir Mohamed Abbou, l’avocat qui a brutalisé sa consoeur. (3 . : 2007 22 !! 329

330. ( ) Marianne « Le mort vivant réapparait » .( 330 )

331. ) ( 2001 . ) ) (... ( .( ) : 2000 14 Jean François Poirier « Aloès » « Aloès » . ( ) ) 2009 ( ATCE . 331

332. . : : (1 Fondation Hambourgeoise pour les persécutés politiques Pen Club Deutschland Pen International • • (2 ) Graz .( Bad Boll .2009 : 14 ) 24 23 .(2010 332

333. : ) ( Martina Robert Menard Vincent Geisser ) Daniel Mermet Astred Frohloff Baurle (... Helène Flautre Nicole Pignon-Peguy Antoine Madelin . ) 2002 .( . 2007 ) 2003 ( . 333

334. ( ) 2001 . 24 Aix-en-Provence 2000 1997 . . 334

335. ) ( .(Myope 335 )

336. ( ) ( ) . 1998 . :( ) ( ) ( 1995 ATCE La Presse ) Le Temps Réalités . Le Renouveau 336 )

337. ( ) ( ) . MDS 1987 7 ) . . : 1996 . 1997 337

338. ( . ) 338

339. 15 Evreux . 2001 ) .( 339

340. 62 ( ) .( ... 340 )

341. 2003 ( ) . .ATCE 341 15

342. ) ( : 1 . 2 . . 3 ) 4 . 342 (

343. 2008 ATCE Nilesat Nilesat : Eutelsat ( ) Noorsat (1 (2 (3 Nilesat . (4 . .ATCE (5 343

344. ( ) 2007 : .( ) 344

345. : . . 345

346. 2000 19 . 1994 . 346 5

347. ) ( 29 « ANB » 2009 . . ) (... . ) 18 2009 .( 347

348. : . 1991 (1 . (2 (3 . (4 . 1997 . 348

349. : . (1 . (2 349

350. ( ) : 2008 (1 30 : . . . 18 . . 2008 (2 16 . 350

351. .1993 La Presse 1991 2004 , ) .(« PDP » . 351

352. 2008 (Ecole Louis Pasteur de Tunis) : (1 : : : 1 2 . 352

353. . 3 . ) ( 4 . Le Quotidien . « Entre la médiocrité et : l’excellence » 5 .« Le Monde » : ) (2008 4 353 6

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