Monthly Economic Monitoring of Ukraine No 231, April 2024
ESE-1.docx
1. Slogan on Conserving Natural Resources
1. R3 – Reduce, Reuse and Recycle.
2. Conserve Paper – Save The Planet!
3. Tree planting is the most reliable solution to pollution.
4. Save the Earth, save our environment.
5. Don’t be cruel, preserve your fuel.
6. Earth is the only habitable planet; save it.
7. Unite to make planet Earth pollution-free.
8. Pollution is our silent enemy; end it silently.
9. Prevent environmental health hazards.
10. Air pollution is the leading originator of several respiratory diseases.
2. Slogan for Plantation of Trees
1. Plant trees for a better world.
2. For a better world.
3. Tree plantation for life.
4. It’s time to protect mother nature.
5. Go green, plant trees.
6. Let the new generation prosper.
7. Plant trees to save lives.
8. Don’t cut trees instead plant some.
9. Plant more to make this planet better.
10. Plant in plenty.
A trip to visit different varieties of plants.
3. From the trip to visit different varieties of plants,I have learnt many new things,which
I mentioned down as a short essay.
Trees are the most significant plants, and they are full of leaves during the summers.
Plants are the beauty of the earth. As humans, we depend on plants for food and
various other things like gum, rubber, and paper for our consumption. Through
photosynthesis, plants can make their own food. Plants cannot run away from animals
to protect themselves but have specific safety mechanisms. Sharp spines and allergic
reactions triggered by leaves are common ways to defend against prey in nature. Plants
provide various benefits for people. They can purify the air and help keep us healthy.
Some plants can even provide medicine or food when needed. Plants provide a variety
of vegetables, fruits, oxygen, and other things and assist in controlling carbon dioxide
in the atmosphere. Botany is the study of plants and their species and features. Plants
are important because they provide habitats for animals and aquatic species and make
other valuable things like rubber, resin, vegetable oils, and natural dyes. Fossil fuels
like coal and petroleum are also by-products of plants used in automobiles.
Drive for Segregation of waste:
4. Through drive for segregation of waste,I have gain knowledge about the
process of segregation of waste. I have written a short essay about segregation
of waste.
Waste segregation separates different types of waste so that it can be recycled
or disposed of more effectively. By segregating waste, we can reduce the
amount of waste that goes to landfill and recycle more materials.
There are many types of waste, and each type should be segregated into its bin.
The most common types of waste are general, recyclable, and hazardous
General waste is any waste that cannot be recycled. This includes food waste,
packaging, and other household items. Recyclable waste includes paper,
plastic, metal, and glass. Hazardous waste includes chemicals, batteries,
and electronic waste.
5. Waste segregation is important because it helps to reduce the amount of waste
that goes to landfill. It also makes recycling more effective, as different
materials can be recycled more easily when separated.
The importance of waste segregation cannot be overstated. By segregating
waste, we can ensure that recyclable and non-recyclable materials are disposed
of properly. This protects our environment and helps to reduce the amount of
waste that ends up in landfills.
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8. Sustainability
Sustainability is ability to maintain or support a process over time.
Sustainability is often broken into three core concepts: economic,
environmental, and social.
Many businesses and governments have committed to sustainable goals,
such as reducing their environmental footprints and conserving resources.
Some investors are actively embracing sustainability investments, known
as "green investments."
Skeptics have accused some companies of "greenwashing," the practice of
misleading the public to make a business seem more environmentally
friendly
Accordingly, sustainable policies emphasize the future effect of any given
policy or business practice on humans, ecosystems, and the wider
economy. The concept often corresponds to the belief that without major
changes to the way the planet is run, it will suffer irreparable damage
9. Lecture from an expert on green chemistry.
Green chemistry in India*
M. Kidwai
Department of Chemistry, University of Delhi, Delhi 110007,
India Abstract: Our environment, which is endowed by nature, needs to be protected from everincreasing chemical pollution. The challenge for
the institution and industries is to come together and pursue development in the field of greener chemistry by reducing or eliminating the use and
generation of hazardous substances. We have organized a national and international symposium for promoting green chemistry in India, which
has provided the platform for interaction of concepts among the leading scientists. The main idea behind this to activate work toward green
chemistry for which involvement of academic, industrial, and governmental and non-governmental bodies is needed collectively, which will help
the designing and development of environment-friendly chemistry practices in India. INTRODUCTION India, second largest producer of
pesticides and ranked 12th in pharmaceutical production, is fast emerging among the top 5 players in selected petrochemicals. These facts, in
turn, have led to an increased stress on our delicate environmental balance, thus India needs to pursue green chemistry along with progressive
chemistry more exhaustively and extensively. Due to large-scale production of pesticides, pharmaceuticals, petrochemicals, and other consumer
durables, there is a great potential for green chemistry research in India to refine the existing technologies and also to find more environmentally
benign alternatives. To increase the research in this field, we need to publicize the needs, effects, and practice of green chemistry. Currently,
green chemistry research in India is confined mainly to areas of greener synthetic strategies, catalyst development, usage of biocatalysis, usage
of nonconventional technologies, and analytical techniques. GREEN STRATEGIES In developing green synthetic strategies, Indian scientists
are mainly concentrating on avoiding environmentally noncompatible reagents, solid-phase syntheses, modification of synthetic routes to
decrease the number of steps and increase overall yield, usage of newer catalysts and simplification of classical procedures of reaction. However,
what is required is a combined approach for a greener synthesis. Catalyst and reagent chemistry is one of the most important aspects of eco-
friendly chemistry. Reagent chemists in India are working toward development of more benign and selective reagents that require ambient
conditions. The elimination of hazardous solvents is one of the prime concerns among them. Enzymes have emerged as biotechnological tools,
which can offer solutions to the major problems of the chemical industry in India. Over the years, chemists in India are engaged in enhancement
of an application base of enzymes to develop new alternative sweeteners such as high fructose corn *Lecture presented at the IUPAC
CHEMRAWN XIV Conference on Green Chemistry: Toward Environmentally Benign Processes and Products, Boulder, Colorado, USA, 9–13
June 2001.
10. There is a great need to develop newer enzymes that can work at ambient conditions and to determine their optimum
activity by in-depth study. An interdisciplinary approach and healthy partnership between research institutions and industry
can very effectively evolve solutions to problems faced like the increase in the cost of chemical fertilizers and consequent
risk of degradation of soil fertility by excessive use of chemical fertilizers, the role of biofertilizers is becoming significant.
India has been using rhizobium for leguminous crops and blue-green algae for rice cultivation, but the consumption levels
have been low. Keeping in view the vast Indian biodiversity, there is need to explore the same without damaging the fragile
ecological balance. In India, although there is growing awareness about the ill effects of pollution, promotion of continual
introduction of environmentally friendly products and methodologies in the chemical industry needs to be furthered. Usage
of nonconventional technologies is highly popular in India. First in this list is the usage of microwaves, which is also the
field of my research work [1]. Further, the microwave chemists are turning their attention toward microwave-assisted dry-
media reactions in order to minimize solvent usage, an added advantage to already established microwave chemistry. In
addition to microwave-assisted reactions, ultrasonic and photochemical reactions are also used as nonconventional reaction
technology. Analytical chemistry has been at the center of the green chemistry movement. Advances in analytical chemistry
are key to environmental protection. In India, the focus for analytical chemistry is mainly on extraction technologies such as
solid phase, ultrasound and microwave, supercritical fluid extraction, and automated soxhlet extraction. Monitoring and
analysis of heavy metals and pesticides is very important for an agroeconomy-based country like India, and chief
governmental institutes like the Indian Agricultural Research Institute (IARI) and the Defense Research and Development
Organisation (DRDO) are working extensively in this field. Further removing of these elements from industrial and
agrochemical usage is of prime importance for these institutes.
NONACADEMIC INITIATIVES
Industry in India still needs to make significant improvement from the environmental point of view. Most of the industrial
R&D is mainly concerned with cost effectiveness rather than eco-effective methods. Although there has been some
collaborative work between academia and industries, still there is ample opportunity for increased collaboration. There is
immediate need for technology transfer from academic labs to industrial plants for meaningful application of green research.
The best examples are the applications of enzymes in various industries ranging from drugs to leather. The textile industry is
one of the highly revenue generating industries in India, and they are now switching over to microbial decolorization and
degradation. There is an increasing need of exploring biodiversity for natural dyes and developing eco-friendly
methodology for synthetic dyes. All these require more funding in the R&D of respective fields and greater interaction and
11. coordination between industry, academia, and government. Government can do a lot of good for the cause of green
chemistry by increasing public awareness and by bringing and enforcing strict environmental legislations. One of the recent
and controversial examples of government initiative is the conversion of diesel vehicles to compressed natural gas (CNG) in
order to reduce pollution in the capital city Delhi. Relocation of industries into industrial areas away from residential parks
is another bold step taken by the Delhi government. Further, the government is also concentrating on new projects such as
fuel pellets from municipal waste, aspirated H-cylinder engines for light commercial vehicles (LCVs), meeting India 2000
emission norms, battery-powered cars for pollution-free driving, hydrogen energy and energy towers for new environment-
friendly fuel, development of traditional herbal drugs as adaptogens and immunomodulators. The government should also
increase funding to encourage research in green chemistry. By introducing green chemistry education at all levels, the
government can build a solid foundation toward green chemistry in India.
INDIAN CHAPTER
The recently constituted Green Chemistry Chapter of India has already started working to popularize green chemistry in
India. As a part of environmental movement, a National Symposium on Green Chemistry was organized by the Department
of Chemistry, University of Delhi in January 1999 to bring together all who are practicing green chemistry in India for the
first time. For green chemistry education, a refresher course was organized for college teachers by the Centre for
Professional Development in Higher Education in University of Delhi. Inspired by the overwhelming response of
participants in these events, recently an IUPAC International Symposium on Green Chemistry was organized by the
Department of Chemistry, University of Delhi, which proved to be an excellent event for scientists’ world over to interact on
the one common platform. The Green Chemistry Chapter of India was constituted recently to expand its domain. Some
future activities under the banner of the Green Chemistry Chapter of India have been planned. Top on the priority list is to
spread the awareness of green chemistry among researchers and young students by means of workshops, conferences,
scholarships, and awards. Simultaneously, there is a need to encourage industries to collaborate with academia and
government for effective practice of green chemistry. Another aim of the Green Chemistry Chapter of India is to encourage
global partnership for effective environmental management.
CONCLUSIONS
In conclusion, the practicing of green chemistry in India is a necessity rather than an option, as this is now a high time to
protect our caring environment from further damage. The future of green India is in the hands of young researchers and
students, as the practice of green chemistry is a moral responsibility for them.
12. Cleanliness drive:
The students, faculties and staff members celebrated the Swachhta Pakhwada commencing from
1st
of August 2020 to 10th
of August 2020 respectively. Under this event, all the members of the
school took up great responsibilities to clean their college premises as well as the nearby
localities.
The students and faculty were segregated into various groups who took up charge to clean
various parts of the college. Halls, auditoriums and classrooms were swept and dusted. The
gardens and playgrounds were cleaned. Many new saplings were also planted by the members.
The program was further carried out as a wide array of seminars, debates, conferences were
organised which was witnessed by many college students. Live interactions with research
scientists focussing on trending topics such as the Greenhouse effect, Global Warming, the El-
Nino effect and many others ignited vigorous passion and energy among the young audience.
Arrangements for refreshment were also provided for the nourishment of the participants. The
program was concluded with a short cultural program in which small skits and dances were
performed to signify the significance of cleanliness.
13. DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING
PRESENTED BY:
NAME :M.S.GOWSHIK RAM
REGISTER NUMBER :73152213030
PROGRAMME&COURSE NAME : B.E.COMPUTER SCIENCE AND
ENGINEERING
YEAR/SEMESTER : 1ST
/2
SUBJECT : ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND
ENGINEERING
SUBJECT CODE :20MC052
K.S.R.COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING