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1. A plasmid is composed of: *
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DNA
RNA
Protein
Sugars
Which of the following is a component
that is not part of eukaryotic cells? *
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Nucleus
Mitochondria
Peptidoglycan (cell wall of bacteria)
Cell membrane
DNA
On average, which of the following is
the largest? *
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Eukaryotic cell
Archaeal cell
Bacterial cell
A virus
Which of the following is a term used to
describe infection and replication of
bacteria in blood? *
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Bacteremia (the presence of bacteria in
blood)
Septicemia (the presence and replication of
bacteria in blood)
Viremia (the presence of viruses in the
blood)
Toxemia (release of bacterial toxins into the
blood)
Gram Negative and Gram Positive
bacteria stain differently when
performing a Gram Stain because they
differ in the structure of their
______________. *
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Cell wall
Nucleus
Flagella
Endospores
Microorganisms present on surface of
skin and mucous membrane are killed
by a chemical named as *
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Antiseptic
Herbicide
Fungicide
Pesticide
A genus of major pathogens named as
streptococcus consist of both anaerobic
and *
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Facultative organism
Aerobic
Gram-positive bacteria
Gram-negative bacteria
Correct answer
Facultative organism

2. Prevent parasites from contaminating
food by: *
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Ensuring food handlers wash their hands
properly
Avoid cross-contamination
Cook food to the correct temperature
All of the above
Who discovered Mycobacterium
tuberculosis? *
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Koch
Jenner
Pasteur
Virchow
Antibodies were discivered by: *
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Edelman
Porter
Edelman and Porter
Edelman and Hess
The theory of immunity was proposed
by: *
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Koch
Ehrlich
Hess
Hansen
Correct answer
Ehrlich
Who isolated E. coli for the first time? *
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Escherich
Robert Koch
Jenner
Pasteur
The best defense against foodborne
viruses is to: *
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Examine food carefully for spores
Use good personal hygiene
Freeze all meat during storage
Blanch all vegetables before preparation
Mould can grow: *
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Only on high-protein foods
Only on high-sugar foods, such as jellies and
honey
On almost any food
On any foods that do not have a hard skin,
casing, or shell
The two most important factors to
control the growth of bacteria are: *
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Oxygen and acidity
Moisture and oxygen
Acidity and moisture
Temperature and time
Which type of microorganism exists in
two different forms: the vegetative state
and the sporestate? *

3. 1/1
Viruses
Bacteria
Fungi
parasites
Which of the following food is not made
by fermentation? *
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beer
bread
cheese
orange juice
Correct answer
beer
According to Pasteur statements which
one of the following is true *
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Living organisms discriminate between
stereoisomers
Fermentation is a aerobic process
Living organisms doesn’t discriminate
between stereoisomers
Both a and b
Pseudomonas aeruginosa was first
named *
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Schroeter and Gessard
Robert Koch
Louis Pasteur
Edward Jenner
Staphylococcus aureus was isolated
by *
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Rosenbach
Pasteur
Passet
Ogston
Correct answer
Pasteur
B.anthracis was isolated by *
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Pasteur
Koch
Leewenhok
None of these
Streptococcus pneumoniae was
isolated by *
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Koch
Jenner
Leewenhock
Pasteur
E.coli was first isolated by *
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Pasteur
Escherich
Shiga
Koch

4. The magnefication power of electron
microscope developed by Knell and
Ruska is *
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10,000x
12,000x
15,000x
20,000x
Source of light in fluorescence
microscopy is from *
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Mercury lamp
Sunlight
Both a and b
None of these
Electron Microscope was discovered
by *
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Fritz
Janssen and Hans
Knoll and Ruska
None of these
Compound Microscope was discovered
by *
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Lewenhoek
Pasteur
optician Hans Jansen
None of these
Modern concepts of chemotherapy was
proposed by *
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Ehrlich
Metchnikoff
Lister
None of these
The inventor of Microscope is *
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Galileo
Antony von
Pasteur
Koch
Correct answer
Pasteur
Antiseptic methods were first
introduced by *
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Lord Lister
Iwanowski
Beijernick
Jenner
The stalked particles on the cristae of
mitochondria are called *
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Glyoxysomes
Peroxisomes
Oxysomes
Spherosomes

5. The main feature of prokaryotic
organism is *
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Absence of locomotion
Absence of nuclear envelope
Absence of nuclear material
Absence of protein synthesis
Father of Medical Microbiology is *
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Pasteur
Koch
Jenner
A.L.Hock
Correct answer
Pasteur
Lysol is a *
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Sterilent
Disinfectant
Antiseptic
Antifungal
Electron microscope studies does not
help in identifying the section of
bacterial spore *
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Core
Spore cortex
Capsule
All of these
In autoclave, the principle involved is *
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Dry heat
Moist heat
Steam under pressur
Both b and c
By pasteurization *
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All the microorganisms can be removed
Only pathogenic forms can be removed
Only non-pathogenic forms can be removed
All of these are correct
Isolation is *
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Purification of culture
Introduction of inoculum
Separation of a single colony
To grow microorganisms on surfaces
The technique used to avoid all
microorganisms is accomplished by *
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Sterlization
Disinfection
Surgical sterilization
Disinfection Sterilization
Which of the following is ionizing
radiation? *
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U.V.rays
IR
γ-rays
None of these

6. Correct answer
γ-rays
Which of the following microorganisms
lack mitochondria? *
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Fungi
Bacteria
Parasites
Protists
Which bacteria are difficult to Gram
stain? *
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Gram positive
Gram negative
Acid fast
Walldeficient
Correct answer
Walldeficient
Frank buys milk each Saturday morning
from his neighbor's cow Bessie. What
method should be used for controlling
microbial growth? *
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Irradiation
Pasteurization
Filtration
Autoclaving
What is the mode of action for the
antimicrobial function of detergents? *
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a. Disrupting cells membranes
b. Inhibiting nucleic acid synthesis
c. Inhibiting protein synthesis
d. Methylating DNA
Correct answer
a. Disrupting cells membranes
Bactericides reduce microbial growth
by: *
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a. Deactivating viruses
b. Inhibiting viral replication
c. Killing bacteria
d. Destroying fungi
Virucides reduce microbial growth by: *
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a. Deactivating viruses
b. Inhibiting viral replication
c. Killing bacteria
d. Destroying fungi
This substance, which acts by
denaturing proteins, is commonly used
to disinfect skin. *
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a. Alcohol
b. Heavy metal
c. Formaldehyde
d. Dye
Which of the following is routinely used
to disinfect utensils in restaurants? *

7. 0/1
a. Pasteurization
b. Sterilization
c. Sanitization
d. Filtration
Correct answer
c. Sanitization
Which of the following lowers pH and is
consequently used to preserve food? *
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a. Alcohols
b. Acids
c. Oxidizing agents
d. Halogens
A microbiologist’s child drops a beloved
toy into a pile of cow dung. If she had
every resource at her disposal, which
method could she use to destroy all the
microorganisms and viruses on her
child’s toy? *
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a. Sterilization
b. Ultraviolet light
c. Pasteurization
d. Alcohol disinfection
Which of the following is used to ensure
antibiotics are sterile? *
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a. Ultraviolet light
b. Pasteurization
c. Moist heat
d. Filtration
Alkylating agents act against microbes
through which mechanism? *
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a. Raising pH
b. Denature proteins
c. Disrupt nucleic acids
d. All of the above
Endospores can be most effectively
destroyed through which of the
following methods? *
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a. Irradiation
b. Autoclave (moist heat)
c. Pasteurization
d. Filtration
Which method is commonly used in lab
animal rooms to limit the number of
microorganisms present in the air? *
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a. Filtration
b. Ultraviolet light
c. Moist heat
d. Very low temperatures
Alcoholis an effective antimicrobial
agent because it does which of the
following? *
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a. Denatures proteins
b. Disrupts nucleic acids
c. Dissolves membranes

8. d. Both A and C are correct
A drug that inhibits mitosis, such as
griseofulvin, would be more effective
against *
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grampositive bacteria.
gramnegative bacteria.
fungi
wallless bacteria.
mycobacteria
Most of the available antimicrobial
agents are effective against *
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virus
bacteria
fungi
protozoa
all of the above
Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs)
frequently work by *
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inhibiting protein synthesis.
disrupting the plasma membrane.
complementary base pairing with DNA.
inhibiting cellwall synthesis.