9. 1. It lies in the mid brain dorsal to cerebral
peduncles.
2. It is divided into parsreticulata and pars
compacta
3. Pars compacta: dopamine.
4. Pars reticulata fibers: Glutamine
10. SUBTHALAMIC NUCLEUS
Lies below the thalamus
Lies above the substantia
nigra
Is closely connected to
parts of the Globus
Pallidus
11. SUBTHALAMIC NUCLEUS
Receives afferents from GPe , cerebral cortex,
substantia nigra compacta and pedunculopontine
nucleus
Projects to the GPi, SNr, and striatum
Glutamatergic (excitatory)
13. 1. Both the nucleus accumbens and the olfactory
tubercle .
2. Ventral pallidum occupies area beneath the
anterior commissure referred to as substantia
innominata.
3. The globus pallidus extends in a rostral and ventral
direction toward the surface of the brain in the
region of the olfactory tubercle.
14. 1. Broad regions of cerebral cortex
2. Centromedian – parafascicular nuclear
complex
3. Substantia nigra
4. Smaller mesencephalic nuclei
5. Portions of lateral amygdala
15. 1. CORTICO STRIATE FIBERS:
a. primary motor area: putamen.
b. Premotor area: caudate and putamen
c. Prefrontal cortex : caudate
24. 1. From the GPi
2. Sweeps under the internal capsule.
3. Forel’s field H.
25. 1. Gpi to subthalamic nuclei and
zona incerta
2.Form Forel’s field of H2.
3. Penetrates the internal capsule.
26. 1. Ansa lenticularis and lenticuris fasciculus .
2.Supplies ventral anterior and ventral lateral area
3. Supply supplementary motor area
4.Premotor area
27. 3. Pallido tegmental To pedunculo pontine
nucleus
4. Pallido subthalamic, to subthalamic
nucleus
31. Blood supply of basal ganglia
Perforating branches of circle of Willis
Lenticulostriate arteries from MCA
Anterior choroidal artery
Perforating branches of circle of Willis
Lenticulostriate arteries from MCA
Anterior choroidal artery
36. Cytoarchitecture
Main neurotransmitter in basal
ganglia is GABA
95% of neurons in neostriatum are
medium spiny neurons (rodent)
Contain GABA
Principal neurons: project to
globus pallidus and SNpr
Subpopulations are
distinguished by peptides,
neurotransmitter receptors and
connections
Receive bulk of afferent input
Several populations of interneurons
aspiny
ACh, GABA/parvalbumin,
GABA/calretinin;
GABA/NPY/NADPH/Somatosta
tin