ERP SYSTEM BASED

1. Table of Contents
Transport Industry:...........................................................................................................................3
Renewable Energy Storage.............................................................................................................5
Food and Beverage .........................................................................................................................7
Transportation..................................................................................................................................8
Renewable and Energy Storage ...........................................................................................................9
Food and Beverage...........................................................................................................................10
Renewable Energy Storage................................................................................................................11
Food and Beverage...........................................................................................................................12

2. Question #1
For each of the following areas, list and explain how at least three major trends
occurring since 2015 have radically changed them. In each case, elaborate with
examples how the advances impacted the industries (a) Transportation (b)
Renewal Energy Storage (c) Food & Beverage. How has COVID-19 impacted them.
From last few years, digital transformation has gain resilience and acceleration. We
humans are looking forward for more innovations in various digital transformation areas
with intelligent technology and which will not only impact frontline workers but also how
workers move in this hybrid work.
In this, we will talk about three major trends impacting Transportation, renewable energy
storage and food and beverage. Also explaining how covid 19 impacted them.
Trend 1

3. Robotics And Automation
Robotics and Automation are the uses of control systems and information technology so
that it can handle industrial manufacturing process and also replacing manual work
done by labor and improving the efficiency, speed, quality and performance. Software
Automation is something humans do it using computer programs. In Industrial
automation it controls physical processes with machine to automate industrial
manufacturing process. Robotics is an area of engineering which uses multiple
disciplines to design and use robots. Automation and robotics are same, as they use
robots for physicals tasks such as car assembly line. Automation affects not only the
number of workers in factories but also the type of work that is done.
Transport Industry:
So, in today’s world, smart automated vehicles are coming up with high technology,
equipped with lasers and GPS, capable of driving and flying themselves.
Automation has been applied in various ways in transportation industry. Application in
which it is used are airline reservation systems, automatic pilots in aircraft, locomotives
and mass transit system.
If we talk about automation in airlines, through automation they use computerized
systems to monitor status of flights, availability of seats in every flight instantly,
commercial flights are equipped with automatic pilot. These systems guide
an airplane over a determined route by detecting changes in aircraft’s orientation and
similar instruments and by providing appropriate control signals to the plane’s steering
mechanism. Automatic navigation systems and instrument landing systems operate by
using radio signals from ground that provide the aircraft with course directions for

4. guidance. When an airplane is within the traffic pattern for ground control, its human
pilot normally assumes control.
Self-driving cars are the ones we see on the news and social media most often.
For example, the top automotive companies are Tesla, Daimler, General Motors and
Ford. With robots taking the wheel, humans will be able to sit back and relax and spend
their time communicating and enjoying an experience.
Between 2010 and 2016, there were advanced driver assistance technology , such as
rearview video cameras, automatic emergency brakes and lane-centering assistance.
Since 2016, self-driving cars have moved toward partial autonomy, with features that
help drivers stay in their lane, speed control, accident less driving etc.
Covid 19 pandemic caused a lot of social, economic and environmental problems.
Transportation industry experienced a greater downfall and unemployment. workers in
the transportation sector were 20.6% more likely to be unemployed because of the
pandemic than workers in non-transportation industries. Globally aviation jobs fell by 43
percent. In US commercial flights to 73 percent. Truck cargo fell by 9 percent. Railway
transportation was another sector which was affected by COVID-19, especially in Asia
and Europe. The vehicle usage declined in the U.S. Demand for taxis in China

5. decreased by more than 85% during the lockdown period. In New York City Bike Share
and the Metro Transit Authority dropped by 90% and bike sharing use dropped by 71%.
From the COVID-19 pandemic, employers are turning to greater use of automation,
including robots rather than bringing back workers. The trend of automation and
robotics affected every sector such as manufacturing, transport etc.
Airports have been using robots to spray disinfecting chemicals on their facilities.
The toll collection, which was done by person, was switched to a cashless electronic
system. Even in Covid, Self-driving vehicles were used to transport utilities to different
hospitals, autonomous vehicles were being used to provide pick-up and drop facilities
for tourists to the airports and hotels. In public transportation, the robots helped in
checking the temperature of the travelers by measuring the body temperature of the
travelers. So basically, Automation and robotics is a trend that has impacted a lot in
Transport industry. During covid 19, it has gained a lot of rises.
Renewable Energy Storage
In renewable energy market, robotics helps in unleashing the use of software, to
implement tasks which were first done my human workers. In Renewable Energy
Market, robotic is being used or being implemented by various applications to save
time, increase productivity and optimize performance. Renewable energy can be
described as an energy that is renewable and is constantly being recycled. The most
common sources of renewable energy include sunlight, water, wind, geothermal heat,
and other various types of biomasses. Robotics in Renewable Sector along
with automation can have a positive and big impact. Solar, Wind, Hydroelectric markets
are the most popular markets that are used in generating and storing clean energy. The

6. solar energy generation process, as
well as solar panel manufacturing, can
be easily automated, and thus there
use of robots for large production.
Since there is dust in solar cell or solar
panel, where it’s dangerous for
humans , robots are used to remove dust or to maintain the panels so that it does not
affect the efficiency of power generation and in energy storage.
Robots are capable of fabricating parts in hydroelectric turbines. hydroelectric turbines
are too large to be manually welded, robots can easily help in welding of wickets so that
its does not affect the storage and power generation.
During Covid 19, The pandemic had a bad situation in energy poverty, The lockdowns
have led to higher energy spending, along with decrease in markets and lower incomes.
However, the changing environment can provide excellent opportunities for renewable
energy generation, energy storage, and power transmission. According to the
international energy agency, energy demand is predicted to decrease by 3.8% globally
in the first quarter of 2020 because of the COVID-19 pandemic. Energy storage
technologies are also one of the major elements for energy systems. These
technologies through lot of automation and robotics, provide quality energy to the
consumer by ensuring the continuity of the supply of energy. LIB is the most common
energy storage choice, accounting for nearly 90% of the global grid battery storage
industry and has high energy density and are lighter than other battery alternatives.

7. Food and Beverage
Food and beverage manufacturers are using automation and robotics to cope with labor
shortages. From production to delivery, it's a complex process that needs to be smooth
to keep up with customer demands.
Labor shortages continue to be widespread in this sector. Many workers are needed for
packaging, so robotic automation is an excellent option to address the shortage of labor.
In this industry, robots have
created new opportunities for
automation. Robots helps in
packaging of products, moving of
products, help in sanitation. Due
to automation the speed of the
process has increased with
accuracy. Robots and robotic automation increase the speed of operations can be
performed. During the COVID-19 pandemic, food and beverage manufacturing plants
were forced to temporarily close due to covid 19 and to stop the spread of virus among
employees . The pandemic has shown the industry all the crisis and situations and main
is labor shortages. Therefore, these tasks have now become the focus of automation
and robotics. Automation and robotics is being used in food and beverage
manufacturing to increase productivity, maintain worker safety and ensure quality food
production. Nowadays, food and beverage industry use robotics and automation to
transport raw materials, reducing man handling. Manufacturers use computer software
vision to monitor and optimize the amount of product produced in their facilities.

8. Automated tools for that measure things like temperature control, are crucial to so that it
fits in to food safety rules.
Trend 2
Digitalization
Transportation
While transport services require physical delivery, digitalization is transforming the
sector along the transport supply chain:
• Vehicle design.
• Infrastructure: road, bridges, tunnels, rail, ports, terminals.
• Transport operation
• Maintenance and repair of transport equipment or material
Digital platforms become a new business model, which enable new ideas of transport
services to increase services. If we talk about how Digitalization changed transport
industry, one thinks of Ola and Uber.
The popular ride sharing service Uber has affected the transport industry by offering
lower prices, faster and more quality service. This app wholly based on data and
algorithms as it is a big digital transformation in transport industry. This app offers cab
and online payment methods so that bookings are quite easier and faster. People
travelling will get an approx. estimate for their trip. The impact of covid 19 on Ola and
uber have lost revenue and were suspended for 1.5 months in lockdown 1. Many Uber
riders also cancelled their rides because they thought that they might get affected.

9. Renewable and Energy Storage
Digitalization is helping improve the safety, productivity, and sustainability of renewable
energy storage systems around the world. companies like Totus Power (India) and
FreeWire Technologies (USA) are producing second life electric car batteries to provide
backup storage at a
lower cost per kilowatt
for electric vehicles so
that if they are
travelling for a long
distance so there
should be a charging
station after a particular mile. Smart Grids can play an important role in optimizing
energy costs, enabling renewable energy storage and generation, improvement for
electric vehicles and improving energy availability.
The COVID-19 pandemic has stopped
several RE related programs and
projects despite the unbelievable
progress in past. The impact of the
pandemic on manufacturing facilities
related to RE as well as supply chains
were also stalked. A graph shows how
RE got affected.

10. Food and Beverage
Main principle of digital transformation is to replace old and manual processes with fully
advanced technology. ERP platforms are designed for food and beverage companies
so they can use smart sensors, scales, meters and thermometers to automatically
conduct the readings that may help them to monitor product quality and process
efficiency. Through ERP we can check expiry date. Overall equipment effectiveness
that is OEE can help in knowing what is holding back your process flow or what is
affecting your result. Food & beverage manufacturers have started their digital
transformation journeys with an operation (including supply chain and distribution) and
customer-point of view. Between the impact of COVID-19 on customer
demands food safety, food and beverage companies are moving swiftly to
implement their digital transformation. Covid 19 forced the world to shift to
contactless delivery, many restaurants adopted digital ordering and online payment,
which gave them a rise to their economy.
Trend 3
Mobility-as-a-Service (MaaS)
MaaS can help city make the most of complex urban transport systems. People living in
cities have more mobile options. In travel modes such as walking, biking, public transit
and taxi, a new private sector-led technology-enabled services like ride sharing, car-
sharing, bike-sharing, and scooter-sharing is completely diverging urban transport.
MaaS is a interface where users can plan, book, and pay for a wide range of mobility
services to meet any needs, so as we talking about transportation so through MaaS
people can book tickets prior to date and done with payment also and reduces the

11. additional cost. MaaS transforms the physical transportation system into a commodity,
and thus takes advantage of the internet of things (IoT), i.e., it communicates real-time
information regarding the transportation. EV sharing services can be connected to other
eco-friendly modes of mobility, such as public transport, walking and cycling.
With the Covid-19 pandemic, observations tell us that there was wholesale reduction in
the use of such modes, due to large number of people were staying home. full lockdown
declines mobility by almost 25% after a week, while releasing restrictions boosts
mobility by about 18%.
Renewable Energy Storage
The primary cause of the increase in energy consumption demand is due to the
increased sales of Electric Vehicle. Energy generated by RES would supply two-third of
final energy demand. To achieve the clean energy transition electricity generated from
renewable sources needs to become the main “fuel” for societies and even the most
energy intensive industries. Mobility refers to the interaction of electric vehicles, which
have increasingly autonomous driving capabilities with the surrounding infrastructure
including energy systems. As an effective low-carbon strategy, electric mobility
improves urban air quality by reducing local pollutants including particle matter, nitrogen
oxide, and Sulphur. Gains and opportunities leveraged by electric mobility. A 5%
increase in trips made by e-bikes and other electric micro mobility options, replacing car
trips, would reduce CO2 emissions from the urban transport sector by 7% by 2030. This
represents more than 134 million cars off the road. This analysis does not only apply to
passenger trips, but also to urban deliveries that have a growing carbon footprint in

12. many cities. Electric bicycles have proven results in reducing GHG emissions. Emission
reduction potentials of electric bicycles dioxide, reduces fossil fuel consumption.
Food and Beverage
During the first wave of COVID-19, lockdown restrictions limited people's movements
and food purchasing. Food store businesses were not limited by the restrictions and
people had to purchase food because it was necessary for daily living. Households
focused on fewer retailers those who guaranteed physical delivery of goods at home.
There is strong interconnection between mobility and food availability during covid.
People in lockdown ordered food online sitting at home as there movements were
restricted. So, there was a significant use of mobility during lockdown.