1. L U N G D I S E A S E
K I T T Y O ’ C O N N O R
2. Lung
Disease in
Ireland
Respiratory disease is the most commonly reported long—term
illness in young adults.
Respiratory disease is the most common reason to visit a G.P. and
the third most common reason for acute admission to hospital.
Respiratory disease accounts for one in five deaths in Ireland.
Death from respiratory disease are twice of the EU average.
Lung cancer is the biggest cancer killer in Ireland.
(Inhale Report, 2018)
3. Lung
Diseases
Asthma – Inflammation &
constriction of bronchi.
Bronchitis- Inflammation of
bronchi.
Pneunomia- infection- lungs fill
with fluid.
Emphysema – Destruction of
alveoli.
4. Lung Disease
continued
COPD – Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease - chronic
bronchitis and emphysema together - airways narrowed.
Cystic Fibrosis- Genetic disease. Lungs and intestines
gets clogged with mucus. Leads to infections.
Lung cancer- Uncontrolled growth of cells in lungs.
Sarcoidosis- Nodules on lungs. Unknown cause
Alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency – Genetic disease. causes
emphysema in nonsmokers.
5. Let’s take a
closer look at
lung disease
Asthma
Lung Cancer
Cystic Fibrosis
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
6. Asthma
Asthma is a narrowing of the bronchioles
due to some irritant (dust mite, pollen,
cold virus) and so the sufferer finds it
difficult to inhale enough oxygen.
Removing the offending agent can
prevent it and treatment is by use of
inhalers that dilate the tubes again.
8. Asthma - prevention
and treatment
IDENTIFYTRIGGERS
AVOIDOR REMOVE
USE SPECIFIC DRUGTREATMENTS
BRONCHODILATORS
STEROIDS
9. LungCancer
Is a disease of uncontrolled cell
growth in tissues of the lung or
carcinoma of the lungs.
It is one of the commonest forms
of cancer
10. LungCancer-Causes
Cigarette smoking is the leading cause of lung cancer.
The more cigarettes you smoke per day and the earlier you started smoking, the
greater your risk for lung cancer.
Asbestos
Exposure to cancer-causing chemicals such as uranium, beryllium, vinyl chloride,
nickel chromates, coal products, mustard gas, chloromethyl ethers, gasoline, and
diesel exhaust
11. LungCancer continued
Family history
of lung cancer
High levels of
air pollution
High levels of
arsenic in
drinking water
Radiation
therapy to the
lungs
Radon gas
12. LungCancer
Symptoms
Early lung cancer may not cause any
symptoms.
• Symptoms depend on the type of
cancer you have, but may include:
• Chest pain
• Cough that doesn't go away
• Coughing up blood
• Fatigue
15. Cystic Fibrosis
-CF
Genetic condition that primarily affects the
lungs and the digestive organs.
This causes the body to produce unusually
thick, sticky mucus.
Lungs, intestines and pancreas become
clogged with thick mucus.
Ireland has a high rates of CF with 1 in 18
individual carrying one defective CF gene.
16. Cystic Fibrosis facts
About 34 new cases of cystic fibrosis in Ireland are
diagnosed each year.
CF is now on the new born screening test.
Around 60% of the CF patient population in Ireland is aged
18 or older.
The predicted median age of survival for a person with CF
in Ireland is 45.
18. Treatments
No cure for CF
Medications
Antibiotics to prevent and treat chest infections
Medicines to make the mucus in the lungs thinner and easier to cough up .
Medicine to help reduce the levels of mucus in the body.
Bronchodilators to widen the airways and make breathing easier
It's also important that people with cystic fibrosis are up-to-date with all routine vaccinations and have
the flu jab each year once they're old enough.
19. Chronic
Obstructive
Pulmonary
Disease
Is a chronic inflammatory lung disease that causes obstructed airflow from
the lungs.
Emphysema and chronic bronchitis are the two most common conditions
that contribute to COPD.
Chronic bronchitis is inflammation of the lining of the bronchial tubes,
which carry air to and from the alveoli of the lungs.
Emphysema is a condition in which the alveoli are destroyed as a result of
damaging exposure to cigarette smoke and other irritating gases and
particulate matter.
Genetic form of COPD Alpha-1 Antitrypsin Disease.
20. COPD
Symptoms
Shortness of breath,
especially during
physical activities
Wheezing Chest tightness
A chronic cough that
may produce mucus
(sputum) that may be
clear, white, yellow or
greenish
Frequent respiratory
infections
Lack of energy
Unintended weight loss
(in later stages)
Swelling in ankles, feet
or legs