This document discusses cohesive elements (text units) in language. It focuses on lexical cohesion, which connects portions of text through the repetition of words using different forms like synonyms, superordinates, and general terms. Lexical cohesion covers larger portions of text than referencing, ellipsis, or conjunctions. Specifically, the document examines repetition as a form of lexical cohesion, where the same lexical item is repeated or replaced by a synonym, superordinate, or general term. Examples of general terms for different referents like humans, animals, objects, and actions are also provided.

1. Instituto de Letras – UFF
Profa Kátia Modesto Valério
UNIDADE 4 - C
A Amarração do Texto
ESP ANTROPOLOGIA

2. Elos Coesivos (texto-unidade)
Mesma Palavra
Reiteração Pronominalização
Palavra Diferente
Relexicalização
Profa Kátia Modesto Valério - Instituto de Letras - UFF

3. COESÃO LEXICAL
A coesão lexical é estabelecida
pela estrutura do léxico.
Profa Kátia Modesto Valério - Instituto de Letras - UFF

4. ! Enquanto a referência (uso de pronomes), a elipse e a
conjunção costumam unir orações próximas umas das
outras no texto, a coesão lexical abrange porções muito
maiores do texto.
! Nos ocuparemos aqui das diversas formas de reiteração.
Profa Kátia Modesto Valério - Instituto de Letras - UFF

5. Reiteração
Reiteração é uma forma de coesão lexical que envolve a
repetição de um item lexical em um extremo de uma escala
até o uso de um termo geral no outro extremo dessa escala.
Entre os dois extremos estão o uso de sinônimos e termos
superordenados (o nome para a classe a qual o referente
pertence).
Profa Kátia Modesto Valério - Instituto de Letras - UFF

6. Reiteração
Repetição do mesmo Termo
Sinônimo superordenado Termo geral
item lexical
Pode conter
juízo de valor
menino garoto criança bobão
Profa Kátia Modesto Valério - Instituto de Letras - UFF

7. There’s a boy climbing that tree
The boy’s going to fall if he does not take care.
Repetition
The lad’s going to fall if he does not take care.
Synonym
http://www.picturesof.net/pages/
090530-024585-358053.html
The child’s going to fall if he does not take care.
Superordinate Word
The idiot’s going to fall if he does not take care.
General Word
Profa Kátia Modesto Valério - Instituto de Letras - UFF

8. Termos Gerais
Referente Termo Geral
humano people, person, man, woman, child, boy, girl
não-humano (animado) creature
inanimado concreto thing, object, stuff
inanimado abstrato business, affair, matter, subject, topic
ação move, course
lugar place
fato question, idea
Profa Kátia Modesto Valério - Instituto de Letras - UFF

9. http://firemisha.deviantart.com/art/keep-quiet-93797533
Termos Gerais
Profa Kátia Modesto Valério -
Instituto de Letras - UFF

10. Ordene do mais específico
para o mais geral:
There’s a boy climbing the old elm.
3 That old thing isn’t very safe.
http://www.elmheights.org/
2 That tree isn’t very safe.
1 That elm isn’t very safe.
Profa Kátia Modesto Valério - Instituto de Letras - UFF

11. Qual referente é reiterado? Como isso acontece?
http://jamaica-gleaner.com/gleaner/20110904/ent/ent3.html
Profa Kátia Modesto Valério - Instituto de Letras - UFF

12. Qual referente é reiterado? Como isso acontece?
“I now had two choices: resign,
http://www.durhamld.com/Profile.htm
or change the entire show to my
original, more innovative ideas.
I took the latter course,…”
Profa Kátia Modesto Valério - Instituto de Letras - UFF

13. Kids With Bush On 9/11 Saw Change Sweep Over Him
SARASOTA, Fla. September 7, 2011, 04:28 pm ET
The 16 children who shared modern America's darkest moment with President
George W. Bush are high school seniors now.
They remember going over an eight-paragraph story so it would be perfect
when they read it to the president on Sept. 11, 2001. They remember how
Bush's face suddenly clouded as his chief of staff, Andrew Card, bent down
http://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=140260802
and whispered to him that the U.S. had been attacked. They remember how
Bush pressed on with the reading as best he could before sharing the
devastating news with the nation.
"It was like a blank stare. Like he knew something was going on but he didn't
want to make it too bad for us to notice by looking different," said Lenard
Rivers, now a 17-year-old football player at Sarasota High.
What the students can't say for sure is how that moment changed them. They
were just second-graders. Their memories were only beginning.
Profa Kátia Modesto Valério - Instituto de Letras - UFF

14. http://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=140260802
Profa Kátia Modesto Valério - Instituto de Letras - UFF

15. Profa Kátia Modesto Valério - Instituto de Letras - UFF