1. Conjunctions (Conjunciones)
Las conjunciones son empleadas para enlazar entre sí las palabras y/o
oraciones. Hay dos tipos de conjunciones y la posición que tiene dentro de una
oración depende del tipo. Además, hay tres formas de conjunciones.
Las conjunciones más comunes son "and," "but" y "or".
• Ejemplos:
• She works at a bank and goes to university.
She works at a bank and goes to university. (Trabaja en un banco y va a
la universidad.)
• I like to swim in the ocean, but only if the water is warm.
I like to swim in the ocean, but only if the water is warm. (Me gusta nadar
en el océano, pero sólo si el agua es caliente.)
• We can study now or later.
We can study now or later. (Podemos estudiar ahora o más tarde.)
Types of Conjunctions (Los tipos de
conjunciones)
1. Conjunciones coordinantes: Este tipo de conjunción se utiliza cuando
queremos enlazar dos frases que tienen el mismo valor.
o Ejemplos:
o She likes to sing and dance
She likes to sing and dance. (Le gusta cantar y bailar.)
o I want to move to London so I am studying English.
I want to move to London so I am studying English. (Quiero
mudarme a Londres, por lo tanto estoy estudiando inglés.)
o They are moving to Barcelona, however they really like Madrid.
They are moving to Barcelona, however they really like Madrid.
(Se mudan a Barcelona sin embargo les gusta mucho Madrid.)
and, but, however, or, so, then, therefore, yet....
2. Posición: Siempre van entre las frases o palabras.
2. Conjunciones subordinantes: Se utiliza este tipo de conjunción
cuando una de las frases depende de la otra (frase subordinada). La
frase subordinada no tiene sentido sin la otra. La mayoria de
conjunciones son subordinantes.
o Ejemplos:
o I have been working at the bank since 2005.
I have been working at the bank since 2005. (Llevo trabajando en
el banco desde 2005.)
o She is studying English so that she can move to London.
She is studying English so that she can move to London. (Está
estudiando inglés para que pueda mudarse a Londres.)
o They went to the beach although it was raining.
They went to the beach although it was raining. (Fueron a la playa
aunque estaba lloviendo.)
although, as, after, before, if, since, so that, until, when...
Posición: En general van adelante de la frase subordenada.
Nota: Hay tres formas de conjunciones: simple (de una sola una palabra),
compleja (más de una palabra y generalmente seguido por "as" o "that") o
correlativa (rodean a un adjetivo o a un adverbio, tales como "if...then").
Coordinant Subordinant
Inglés Español
e e
after
después de X
after
although
aunque X
although
and
y X
and
as
como, cuando, mientras X
as
as as
tan...como X
as...as
as long as
siempre que, con tal de que X
as long as
3. as soon as
en cuanto, tan pronto... como X
as soon as
as well as
además de, así como, también X
as well as
because
porque X
because
before
antes de X
before
both and no sólo, sino también,
X
both...and tanto...como
but
pero, sino X
but
either or
o...o X
either...or
even if
aunque X
even if
even though
aunque X
even though
however
sin embargo X
however
if
si X
if
in case
en caso de que, por si X
in case
in order to
para, con objeto de X
in order to
moreover
además X
moreover
neither nor
ni...ni X
neither...nor
nevertheless
sin embargo, no obstante X
nevertheless
nor
ni X
nor
now that
ahora que X
now that
or
o X
or
once
una vez que X
once
since
desde que X
since
4. so
así que X
so
so that
para que X
so that
then
entonces X
then
therefore
por lo tanto, por consiguiente X
therefore
though
aunque X
though
unless
a menos que X
unless
until
hasta que X
until
when
cuando X
when
whereas
mientras que X
whereas
whether
si X
whether
whether or
si...o X
whether...or
yet
sin embargo, no obstante X
yet
EXAMPLES:
• He have been working at the hospital since 2011(El lleva
trabajando en el hospital desde el 2011)
• She likes to swim and dance.(A ella le gusta cantar y
bailar .)
• He works at a police station and goes to gimnasy.
(Trabaja en la estación de policía y va al gimnasio.)
• They went to the park although it was raining.(Fueron al
parque aunque estaba lloviendo.)
• You can scook now or later.(Puedes cocinar ahora o más
tarde.)
We can study now or later. (Podemos estudiar ahora o más tarde.)
5. Conjunctions (Conjunciones)
Lección gramática: Conjunctions
I looked but I didn't see him.
A and
B but
C or
D as
She speaks slowly and clearly.
A and
B but
C or
D both
She speaks fast, but I understand her.
A and
B but
C or
D as
What would you like, coffee or tea?
A and
B but
C or
D both
6. I have been living in Barcelona since 1999.
A as
B until
C for
D since
After it stopped raining, we went to the beach.
A After
B Since
C However
D Until
He went to the Alps on holiday this year, however he usually prefers the beach.
A therefore
B however
C so
D since
John is as not fase as you.
A both, and
B either, or
C as, as
D whether, or
Heather is moving to Florida because she got a new job.
A because
B for
C and
I am saving my money so that I can buy a new car.
