A brief overview of nursing education and the motivators/barriers to professional nursing

1. Significance of Nursing
Education
Katelynn Brown, RN-BC
Castleton University

2. The provision of health care services focusing on the
maintenance, promotion, and restoration of health.
(Black p.340)
What is Nursing?

3.  Caring
 Evidence-based practice
 Compassion
 Ethics
 Self-regulatory
 Autonomy
 Continuing education
Professional Qualities

4. Facilitators and Barriers
Facilitators
 Education
 Licensure
 American Nurses
Association
 Kelly’s Criteria
 Standards set by the
profession
Barriers
 Levels of education
 Diploma, ADN, BSN
 Internal Conflicts
 External Conflicts
 Gender
 Historical Influences

5. What are Kelly’s Criteria?
 Lucie Kelly, RN,
PhD, FAAN
 Career spent
exploring
professional
nursing
 Compiled eight
characteristics of
the profession
Kelly’s Criteria (Black p.55):
1. The services provided are vial to humanity and welfare of
society
2. There is a special body of knowledge that is continually
enlarged through research
3. The services involve intellectual activities, individual
responsibility is a strong feature
4. Practitioners are educated in institutions of higher
learning
5. Practitioners are relatively independent and control their
own policies and activities
6. Practitioners are motivated by service and consider their
work an important component of their lives
7. There is a code of ethics to guide the decisions and
conduct of practitioners
8. There is an organization that encourages and supports
high standards of practice

6.  Historical connections continue to have both positive
and negative influences
 Military and religion
 In the past nurses practices unquestioning obedience
to management and physicians (Black p.60)
 This counters the professional role of the nurse in today’s
world
Historical Influences

7.  Original curriculum created by Florence Nightingale
 Graduation from diploma, ADN, or BSN program
 Programs need to have accreditation
 Accreditation is voluntary review by ACEN or CCNE
 ANCC Certification and Continuing Education
promoted for all nursing
Education Requirements

8.  National Council Licensure Exam for Registered
Nurses (NCLEX-RN)
 To be taken after completion of ADN/BSN
 Each state responsible for license oversight and
management
 Licensure monitoring by individual state board of
nursing to ensure safety
 Continuing education requirements vary
Licensure

9.  More organizations are viewing BSN as entry level for
nursing
 Development of online RN to BSN programs
increasing
 Design and structure of programs is geared to
actively working RN’s
 Magnet Designation is large motivating factor
 ANA published statement that baccalaureate is the
entry level for professional nursing
Influences on Growth of
Baccalaureate Education

10. Competency, care, and ethics guided by several
important documents:
 Nursing: Scope and Standards of practice
 Code of Ethics for Nurses
 Nursing’s Social Policy Statement: The Essence of the
Profession
Established Standards

11.  The American Nurses Association is the official voice
of nursing (Black p.57)
 Primary advocate for nursing interests
 All RN’s are eligible to join
 Promotes development
 Influences legislation
Nursing Oversight
ANA

12.  Nurses continue to be portrayed as the stereotype
 Cast as the peripheral support
 Common portrayal of nurses is either as sexual, angel,
idiot or sadist (Peate 2016)
 Men are seen as the patient or if as a nurse they are
sexually stimulating to the audience
 Media plays a large part in how nurses are viewed
 Knowledge of nursing to the public is generally
through media
Media Role on Image

13. Media Stereotype
Clip
Click on
image to play

14.  Education- Nursing is the only profession to allow less than
bachelor’s level as entry requirements
 Gender- balance in gender in nursing is unlikely; the
profession is female dominated and has always been so
 Internal- varying levels of education has created conflict
amongst nurses
 External- conflict among physicians a nurses assume role
responsibilities with their education (Nurse Practitioners)
Professional Nursing Barriers

15.  Continue to incorporate science and technology into
nursing practice
 Advance education and promote learning
 Autonomy
 Remain ethically balanced
 Continue to promote supportive and healthy work
environment
 Nurses should empower other nurses
Where does Nursing go from here?

16.  Black, B. P. (2017). Professional nursing: concepts &
challenges (8th ed.). Maryland Heights, MO:
Elsevier/Saunders.
 Nursing Stereotypes in the Media. (n.d.). Retrieved
November 19, 2017, from https://www.youtube.com/
 Peate, I. (2016). Nursing against the odds. British Journal Of
Nursing, 25(7), 357.
 Professional Standards. (n.d.). Retrieved November 17,
2017, from http://www.nursingworld.org/nursingstandards
References