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Backyard and Wildlife Safety.pptx
- 1. Backyard & Wildlife Safety 1 PPT-113-01 Bureau of Workers’ Comp PA Training for Health & Safety (PATHS)
- 2. • To understand wildlife and how to cohabitate in that environment safely. • Be able to recognize and identify backyard wildlife to avoid and be better able to cohabitate with. PPT-113-01 2 Objectives
- 3. PPT-113-01 3 Wildlife 1. Spiders 2. Stinging pests 3. Skunks 4. Ground hogs 5. Deer 6. Bats 7. Rabbits 8. Squirrels 9. Fleas 10. Cats 11. Dogs 12. Snakes
- 4. Potential of injuries, disease & parasites to humans • Rabies • Fleas • Bites • Stings • Strains and sprains • Broken bones • Anaphylactic reactions PPT-113-01 4 What harm can they be?
- 5. PPT-113-01 5 Why do they like my yard? Food Shelter Safety • Bird feeders • Grass, grubs • Fruit bearing plants • Gardens • Trash • Sheds • Crawl spaces • Decks • From traditional predators
- 6. PPT-113-01 6 Rabies • A disease virus which enters through a bite from an infected animal and causes brain swelling • If not treated quickly results in convulsions, respiratory failure and DEATH in every person infected • Rarely infectious from saliva, aerosols, or guano.
- 7. PPT-113-01 7 Rabies: Signs & Symptoms • Itching or discomfort at bite site • Fever • Headache
- 8. PPT-113-01 8 Rabies: Incubation Period • 2 days to weeks = Acute phase • Incubation period between phases • 3 to 7 weeks (7 days to 10yrs)
- 9. PPT-113-01 9 Lyme Disease • Primary area Mid Atlantic, Northeast Regions including PA 12 states account for 95% of cases All 50 states reported cases (travel) • Spread through bite of infected ticks • Can attach to any part of body
- 10. PPT-113-01 10 • 3 feedings daily • If infected tick, transmission rate: 0% @ 24hrs 12% @ 48hrs 79% @ 72hrs 94% @ 96hrs Lyme Disease
- 11. PPT-113-01 11 Bites • Dogs • Cats • Spiders • Insects • Baby wild animals • Snakes • Others?
- 12. PPT-113-01 12 Poisonous Snakes of PA • Northern Copperhead • Eastern Massasauga • Timber Rattle Snake Yellow phase Black phase
- 13. PPT-113-01 13 Nonvenomous Snakes of PA • Eastern Hognose • Northern Black Racer • Eastern Ribbon • Eastern Smooth Earth • Eastern Garter
- 14. PPT-113-01 14 Nonvenomous Snakes of PA • Northern Ringneck • Eastern Worm • Shorthead Garter • Eastern Milk • Eastern Rat
- 15. PPT-113-01 15 Nonvenomous Snakes of PA • Kirtland’s Snake • Mountain Earth • Northern Brown • Northern Redbelly • Northern Water
- 16. PPT-113-01 16 Nonvenomous Snakes of PA • Queen • Rough Green • Smooth Green
- 17. • In PA all venomous snakes have slit-like pupils, similar to a cat’s eye. • Nonvenomous snakes have round pupils, like humans. PPT-113-01 17 Venomous vs Nonvenomous
- 18. • Only 1% carry rabies • There are over 1,100 bat species in the world—only rodents have a greater number of species. • Bats make up about 20% of all classified mammal species globally • Approximately 70% of bats eat insects. The rest are frugivores, or fruit eaters. PPT-113-01 18 Bats
- 19. PPT-113-01 19 Bats Bat in the house • Turn on lights • Remove children and pets from the area • Do not kill or damage head • Attempt to locate and capture the bat • If no contact with humans or pets it can be released • If unknown or known contact occurred take bat for testing • Same if you find a dead one in the house
- 20. PPT-113-01 20 How do I know if I have them? • Guano droppings – exterior of house where they enter or inside locations where they reside. • You see one or two at dusk or early morning flying around your house • You see a lot of bats (more then 3) flying around your house or property You have a colony and need a professional assistance immediately
- 21. PPT-113-01 21 Skunks • Omnivore • Odor is defense • Life span 1-4 years • Litter 2-8 • Habitat: fence line, shrubs, backyards under decks or sheds • Food source: vegetable matter, fruit, eggs, garbage, grubs….
- 22. PPT-113-01 22 How do I know if I have skunks? • Your dog inside lets you know • Cone shaped dig marks in soil • Sensor lights turn on randomly after dark • Damaged turf They will spread disease if contact/bite with feral cats
- 23. PPT-113-01 23 Getting Rid of Skunks • Trapping • Eliminating potential home • Eliminating food source • Fill or cover window wells • Compost piles • Treat yard for grubs
- 24. PPT-113-01 24 Spiders Symptoms minor to severe • Itching or rash • Pain radiating from bite area • Muscle pain or cramping • Red or purplish color or blister • Increased sweating • Trouble breathing
- 25. Symptoms minor to severe (continued) • Headache • Nausea / vomiting • Fever / chills • Anxiety or restlessness • High BP PPT-113-01 25 Spiders
- 26. PPT-113-01 26 Ankle Finders Shrews • Mice family • Shrub lines Ground hogs / whistle pigs • Middle of nowhere sets up one day
- 27. PPT-113-01 27 Groundhogs • Herbivore • Burrow entrance as big as basketball • Dirt entrance (dirt piled up) • Life span 1-5 yrs. • Young look for homes in July or August • Hibernator
- 28. PPT-113-01 28 Contact Information Health & Safety Training Specialists 1171 South Cameron Street, Room 324 Harrisburg, PA 17104-2501 (717) 772-1635 RA-LI-BWC-PATHS@pa.gov Like us on Facebook! - https://www.facebook.com/BWCPATHS
Editor's Notes
- Those of us living in suburban and rural environments must share our space with a variety of animals indigenous to the area. The wildlife in these locations was often there before the land was built upon. An understanding of these animals will do much to promote our safety whether working in or living in these areas.
- This program’s objectives deal with Understanding the wildlife and how to cohabitate in that environment safely. Recognizing and identifying backyard wildlife to avoid for us to better cohabitate with them.
- Some of the various wildlife are shown. Some may not be considered as being “wild” until we have taken into account the feral types; those that have reverted to their undomesticated type due to having lived for a period in the wilds. Such includes both dogs and cats.
- We must ask, “What harm can these animals do?” There is always the potential of injuries, disease & parasites to humans upon encounters with them. Rabies Fleas Bites Stings Strains and sprains Broken bones Anaphylactic reactions
- We have to ask what is it about your backyard that causes various animals to congregate or occupy that location. They possibly find: Food, Shelter and Safety are probable reasons. Food from bird feeders, gardens or trash provide the opportunity to obtain sustainence. Shelter can be found in small areas where they can hide. Safety is provided from traditional predators.
- One disease which can be carried and transmitted by animals is Rabies. A disease virus which enters through a bite from an infected animal and causes brain swelling If not treated quickly results in convulsions, respiratory failure and DEATH in every person infected Rarely infectious from saliva, aerosols, or guano.
- Signs and symptoms of Rabies include: Itching or discomfort at the bite site, Fever Headache
- Rabies has an incubation period: 2 days to weeks = Acute phase Incubation period between phases 3 to 7 weeks (7 days to 10yrs)
- Lyme Disease which is transmitted by ticks. Primary area which ticks which transmit Lyme is the Mid Atlantic and Northeast Regions including PA 12 states account for 95% of cases All 50 states reported cases (travel) Spread through bite of infected ticks The tick can attach to any part of body
- A tick can take 3 feedings daily If the black legged tick is infected with Lyme, the transmission rate could occur: 0% @ 24hrs 12% @ 48hrs 79% @ 72hrs 94% @ 96hrs Powassen virus was efficiently transmitted by nymphal ticks that fed for as few as 15 minutes. All exposed mice that were fed upon by infected ticks for at least 30 minutes became infected.
- Bites from animals can spread disease as well as produce tissue destruction. Dogs Cats Spiders Insects Baby wild animals Snakes
- Poisonous snakes also reside in PA. Northern Copperhead (Southeastern copperhead often called a water moccasin) Eastern Massasauga Timber Rattle Snake Yellow phase Black phase
- Nonvenomous snakes can dominate in areas. Eastern Hognose Northern Black Racer Eastern Ribbon Eastern Smooth Earth Eastern Garter
- Other nonvenomous snakes: Northern Ringneck Eastern Worm Shorthead Garter Eastern Milk Eastern Rat
- Additional nonvenomous snakes of PA Kirtland’s Snake Mountain Earth Northern Brown Northern Redbelly Northern Water
- Nonvenomous snakes: Queen Rough Green Smooth Green
- When determining if a snake is venomous or not, In PA all venomous snakes have slit-like pupils, similar to a cat’s eye. Nonvenomous snakes have round pupils, like humans.
- Bats Only 1% carry rabies There are over 1,100 bat species in the world—only rodents have a greater number of species. Bats make up about 20% of all classified mammal species globally Approximately 70% of bats eat insects. The rest are frugivores, or fruit eaters.
- Bat in the house? Turn on lights Remove children and pets from the area Do not kill or damage head Attempt to locate and capture the bat If no contact with humans or pets it can be released If unknown or known contact occurred take bat for testing Same if you find a dead one in the house
- Do I have bats? Guano droppings – exterior of house where they enter or inside locations where they reside. You see one or two at dusk or early morning flying around your house You see a lot of bats (more then 3) flying around your house or property You have a colony and need a professional assistance immediately
- Omnivore: feeding on both animal and vegetable. Odor is defense. Very often the will first growl or hiss to chase you. Spraying may be last resort. Life span 1-4 years Litter 2-8 Habitat: fence line, shrubs, backyards under decks or sheds Food source: vegetable matter, fruit, eggs, garbage, grubs….
- Other means to determine if you have skunks: Your dog inside lets you know Cone shaped dig marks in soil Sensor lights turn on randomly after dark Damaged turf They will spread disease if contact/bite with feral cats
- Various means for ridding your property of skunks. Trapping Eliminating potential home Eliminating food source Fill or cover window wells Compost piles Treat yard for grubs
- Spiders are a possibly problem to safety and health. Spider bite symptoms can be minor to severe. Visual clues include: Itching or rash Pain radiating from bite area Muscle pain or cramping Red or purplish color or blister Increased sweating Trouble breathing
- Symptoms of spider bites, minor to severe (continued) Headache Nausea / vomiting Fever / chills Anxiety or restlessness High BP
- “Ankle Finders” (due to being small or closer to the ground). Shrews Mice family Shrub lines Ground hogs / whistle pigs Usually their burrows are found in the middle of nowhere sets up one day
- Groundhogs are Herbivores (plant eaters) Burrow entrance is as big as a basketball Dirt entrance (dirt piled up) Life span 1-5 yrs. Young look for homes in July or August Hibernator