powerpoint presentation in Public Health and Community Medicine about "Infection Control In Healthcare Settings". It was made in January 2017.

1. Infection Control
InHealthcare Settings

2. Prepared by:
KareemFisal Alnakeeb
Linda Hamad
KawtherAhmed

3. Contents
Def & Goals
Chainof infection
Antibiotic Resistance Threats
Routes of transmission
HAI Progress Report
CDC’s Clinicaland Environmental Microbiology Laboratory
HAI Prevention Programs

4.  Infections that patients acquire during the course of receiving treatment for other
conditions within a healthcare setting
 not present or incubating at the time of admission
 Goals ofHAI intervention strategies :
• reducethe rate of HAI, especially Multi-drug resistant organisms ( MDRO )
• increase compliance with known prevention strategies.
Healthcare-Associated Infections(HAIs)
Source: http://www.who.int/gpsc/country_work/burden_hcai/en/

5. HAIs in U.S.hospitals

6. Chainof infection
Infectious
agent
Reservoirs
Portalof exit
Modeof
transmission
Portalof entry
Susceptiblehost

7. Antibiotic Resistance Threats
In the United States , 2013
 Sickens>2 million people/year
 Kills atleast23,000people/year
 Plus 15,000per yearfromC. difficile
 $20B/yearin healthcare costs
 Threatensmodern medicine :
 Lossofeffectiveantibiotictreatmentcouldmakeroutineinfectionsdeadly
 Patientswho receive specializedcarewill beathighest risk

8.  Urgent threats include :
 Carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE)
 Clostridium difficile
 Serious threats include :
 Drug-resistant Pseudomonas
 Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus ( MRSA )
Access CDC’s AR Report at http://www.cdc.gov/drugresistance/threat-report-2013/

9. Healthcare,infections,and antibioticresistance
have moved beyond hospitals

10. Routes of transmission
 Body fluids –tears, saliva, sputum (mucus coughed up), urine, feces, semen,vaginal
secretions, pus or otherwound drainage, blood
 Touching the infected person or their secretions
 Droplets – coughing, sneezing, laughing, spitting, talking
 Touching something contaminated by the infected person.

11.  50%decreasein CLABSIbetween2008and2014
 17%decreasein SSIsrelatedtothe10select procedurestrackedin thereportbetween 2008and2014
 Nochangein CAUTIbetween 2009and2014,
but5% decreasefrom2013to2014
 13%decreasein hospital-onsetMRSAbacteremiabetween 2011and2014
 8% decreasein hospital-onsetC. difficileinfectionsbetween 2011and2014
HAI Progress Report
Based on 2014 data; published March 2016

13.  LTACHs:
 9% decreasein CLABSIin LTACHsbetween 2013and2014
 11%decreasein CAUTI in LTACHsbetween 2013and2014
 IRFs:
 14%decreasein CAUTI in IRFsbetween 2013and2014
Source: http://www.cdc.gov/hai/surveillance/progress-report/

15. CDC’s Clinical and Environmental Microbiology Laboratory
 Servesasnationalandaninternationalreferencelaboratoryfortesting anddiagnosticcapacityof pathogens
causing HAIs andantibioticresistantinfections
 Developsandevaluatesmethodsto reliablydetectemerging antimicrobialresistance
 Conductsapplied researchonimproved detectionmethodsforHAIs
 Providesenvironmentalmicrobiologymethodsformeasuringcontaminationof healthcareenvironment
 Assistsin healthcare-associatedoutbreakinvestigations

16. HAI Prevention Programs
• Detect
• Prevent
• Respond

18. Handhygiene
 It isthesingle mostimportantmeasureforcontrolof nosocomialinfections
 ashandsarethe mostimportantvehicle oftransmissionof HCAI

19. Standardprecautions

20. personal protective equipment
( PPE )
Gown OR Apron glovesMask OR N95 Respirator Goggle OR Face Shield

21. BCG
Hepatitis B
Tetanus
Rubella
Varicella
Influenza