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Geocaching citb mb presenatation day 2
- 1. GEOCACHING Merit Badge Merit Badge Counselor – JB Murphy – “MURF”
- 3. SCOUTS BSA – GEOCACHING MERIT BADGE SLIDE SUB-TITLE GEOCACHING.COM • HELP CENTER – has everything you need to know
- 4. SCOUTS BSA – GEOCACHING MERIT BADGE CONT’D REQUIRMENTS REVIEW 3. Explain the following terms used in geocaching: waypoint, log, cache, accuracy, difficulty and terrain ratings, attributes, trackable. Choose five additional terms to explain to your counselor. SLIDE SUB-TITLE
- 5. SCOUTS BSA – GEOCACHING MERIT BADGE SLIDE SUB-TITLE GEOCACHING TERMINOLOGY • WAYPOINT is a set of coordinates associated with a geocache. There are 6 types of waypoints: • Physical Stages • Virtual Stages • Parking Stages • Reference Stages • Trailheads • Final Locations
- 6. SCOUTS BSA – GEOCACHING MERIT BADGE SLIDE SUB-TITLE GEOCACHING TERMINOLOGY • LOG - Log types for cache finds • Found It • Didn’t Find It • Write Note It is a good thing for the game and to be honest when you report a DNF
- 7. SCOUTS BSA – GEOCACHING MERIT BADGE SLIDE SUB-TITLE GEOCACHING TERMINOLOGY • CACHE references the hide or the hiding spot. Types of Caches • Traditional • Mystery or Puzzle • Multi-Cache • EarthCache • Letterbox Hybrid • Event Cache • Cache In Trash Out Event (CITO) • Mega-Event Cache • Gigi-Event Cache • Wherigo Cache • Geocaching HQ Geocache • GPS Adventures Maze Exhibit • Lab Caches • Geocaching HQ Celebration • Geocaching HQ Block Party • Community Celebrations Event • Virtual Cache • Webcam Cache • Project A.P.E. Cache • Locationless (Reverse) Cache
- 8. SCOUTS BSA – GEOCACHING MERIT BADGE SLIDE SUB-TITLE GEOCACHING TERMINOLOGY • Traditional • Mystery or Puzzle • Multi Cache • Earth Cache • Virtual • CITO
- 9. SCOUTS BSA – GEOCACHING MERIT BADGE SLIDE SUB-TITLE GEOCACHING TERMINOLOGY • ACCURACY is the quality or state of being correct or precise. • Accurate coordinates make the difference between a happy find and a frustrating DNF. They prevent geocachers from damaging the environment by searching at the wrong location. • Neither a GPS or smartphone will give you an exact position. At best, you'll get an accuracy of 10 to 15 feet (3 to 5 meters).
- 10. SCOUTS BSA – GEOCACHING MERIT BADGE SLIDE SUB-TITLE GEOCACHING TERMINOLOGY • ACCURACY DEGRAGATION - At best, you'll get an accuracy of 10 to 15 feet (3 to 5 meters). Things that affect accuracy: • Obstructions - can lead to an accuracy of error of 5 to 30 feet • Time - allow plenty of time for your GPS or smartphone to get an accurate reading. This can take 5 to 10 minutes, and sometimes longer. More satellites being received leads to better accuracy.
- 11. SCOUTS BSA – GEOCACHING MERIT BADGE SLIDE SUB-TITLE GEOCACHING TERMINOLOGY • DIFFICULTY and TERRAIN RATINGS Every geocache has a difficulty (D) rating and a terrain (T) rating on a 5-star scale. It is known as the D/T rating. Ratings vary from one community to the next. A 3-star terrain in Banff, Canada, is a different experience than a 3-star terrain in Amsterdam, Holland. Please rate your cache accurately based on standards in your area and guidance in the following table.
- 12. SLIDE SUB-TITLE
- 13. SCOUTS BSA – GEOCACHING MERIT BADGE SLIDE SUB-TITLE GEOCACHING TERMINOLOGY • ATTRIBUTES on the right side of a cache page give additional information at a quick glance. For example, they can indicate that the cache is dog-friendly or has a scenic view PERMISSIONS, CONDITIONS, SPECIAL, EQUIPMENT, HAZARDS and FACILITIES
- 14. SCOUTS BSA – GEOCACHING MERIT BADGE SLIDE SUB-TITLE GEOCACHING TERMINOLOGY • TRACKABLES Trackables are meant to travel, help them do that! • Only take a trackable if you are going geocaching in the next 2-3 weeks. Read the mission of the trackable and “Retrieve” the trackable if you can help advance it towards its goal.
- 15. SCOUTS BSA – GEOCACHING MERIT BADGE SLIDE SUB-TITLE OTHER TERMS
- 16. SCOUTS BSA – GEOCACHING MERIT BADGE CONT’D REQUIRMENTS REVIEW 4. Explain how the Global Positioning System (GPS) works. Then, using Scouting’s Teaching EDGE, demonstrate to your counselor the use of a GPS unit. Include marking and editing a waypoint, changing field functions, and changing the coordinate system in the unit. SLIDE SUB-TITLE
- 17. SCOUTS BSA – GEOCACHING MERIT BADGE SLIDE SUB-TITLE EDGE METHOD to HELP SOMEBODY ELSE LEARN A SKILL • Explain - First explain what you will be doing. Tell them the steps involved. Visual aids might be helpful for this step. Use questions to gauge their understanding • Demonstrate - Show them how to do the skill. Demonstrate the steps using the actual materials. Describe what you are doing. • Guide - Let them practice the skill. Guide and coach them as they try to do it themselves. This step will take the most time • Enable - Enable them by letting them do the skill themselves without any intervention.
- 18. SLIDE SUB-TITLE
- 19. SCOUTS BSA – GEOCACHING MERIT BADGE SLIDE SUB-TITLE GPS Accuracy: HDOP, PDOP, GDOP, Multipath & the Atmosphere • A well-designed GPS receiver can achieve a horizontal accuracy of 3 meters or better and vertical accuracy of 5 meters or better 95% of the time. Augmented GPS systems can provide sub-meter accuracy. But it’s still not perfect – Let’s discuss some issues.
- 20. SCOUTS BSA – GEOCACHING MERIT BADGE SLIDE SUB-TITLE GDOP/PDOP – Geometric/Position Dilution of Precision • GDOP (geometric dilution of precision) or PDOP (position dilution of precision) describes error caused by the relative position of the GPS satellites. Basically, the more signals a GPS receiver can “see” (spread apart versus close together), the more precise it can be. From the observer’s point of view, if the satellites are spread apart in the sky, then the GPS receiver has a good GDOP. But if the satellites are physically close together, then you have poor GDOP. This lowers the quality of your GPS positioning potentially by meters
- 21. SCOUTS BSA – GEOCACHING MERIT BADGE SLIDE SUB-TITLE GPS Accuracy: Multipath Effects • One possible error source in GPS calculations is the multipath effect. Multipath occurs when the GPS satellite signal bounces off of nearby structures like buildings and mountains. • In effect, your GPS receiver detects the same signal twice at different ranges. However, this error is a bit less concerning and could cause anywhere from 1 meter of position error.
- 22. SCOUTS BSA – GEOCACHING MERIT BADGE SLIDE SUB-TITLE GPS Accuracy: Atmosphere Refraction • The troposphere and ionosphere can change the speed of propagation of a GPS signal. Due to atmospheric conditions, the atmosphere refracts the satellite signals as they pass through on their way to the earth’s surface. • In order to fix this, a GPS can use two separate frequencies to minimize propagation speed error. Depending on conditions, this type of GPS error could offset position anywhere from 5 meters.
- 23. SCOUTS BSA – GEOCACHING MERIT BADGE SLIDE SUB-TITLE GPS Accuracy: Satellite Time and Location (Ephemeris) • The accuracy of a GPS satellite’s atomic clock is one nanosecond for each clock tick. That’s pretty impressive stuff. • Using trilateration of time signals in orbit, GPS receivers on the ground can obtain accurate positions. But due to the inaccuracy of satellite’s atomic clock being synchronized, this can offset a position measurement by 2 meters or so. • The ephemeris information contains details about that specific satellite’s location. But if you don’t know their exact location at a particular time, this can be a source of error.
- 24. SCOUTS BSA – GEOCACHING MERIT BADGE SLIDE SUB-TITLE GPS Accuracy: Selective Availability • Before May 2000, the United States government added time-varying obfuscated code to the Global Positioning System. Except for privileged groups like the US military and its allies, this intentionally degraded GPS accuracy. • This whole process of degrading a GPS signal is called selective availability. With selective availability enabled, signals added 50 meters of error horizontally and 100 meters vertically. All thing considered, this significantly reduced GPS accuracy. • At the time, differential GPS was able to correct. But after 2000, this source of GPS error no longer was much of a concern as the selective availability switch was turned off. GPS Smartphone is within 4.9 m (16ft.) with open sky
- 25. SCOUTS BSA – GEOCACHING MERIT BADGE SLIDE SUB-TITLE GPS Accuracy: GPS Differential Correction • GPS receivers improve accuracy using two receivers because ground-based receivers can take accurate measurements of the error. As long as the stationary GPS receiver detects the same satellite signals as your GPS receiver, it can send you correction data based on its precisely surveyed location. • This augmented system broadcasts the corrected error in real-time along with the GPS signal. As a matter of fact, this is the principal idea of a satellite-based augmentation system (SBAS) and can provide sub-meter GPS accuracy.
- 26. SCOUTS BSA – GEOCACHING MERIT BADGE SLIDE SUB-TITLE GPS Accuracy: What can we do about ensuring accuracy for our Geocaching waypoints? • Record accurate coordinates • Calculate average coordinates • Obstructions influence accuracy • Time influences accuracy
- 27. SCOUTS BSA – GEOCACHING MERIT BADGE CONT’D REQUIRMENTS REVIEW 4. Explain how the Global Positioning System (GPS) works. Then, using Scouting’s Teaching EDGE, demonstrate to your counselor the use of a GPS unit. Include marking and editing a waypoint, changing field functions, and changing the coordinate system in the unit. SLIDE SUB-TITLE
- 28. SCOUTS BSA – GEOCACHING MERIT BADGE SLIDE SUB-TITLE ADDING A WAYPOINT • Via the APP 1. Scroll down, tap Waypoints. 2. Tap the + symbol. 3. Enter the coordinates for your waypoint.
- 29. SCOUTS BSA – GEOCACHING MERIT BADGE SLIDE SUB-TITLE CREATING A WAYPOINT • Via a GPS You can save your current location as a waypoint. 1. Select Mark Waypoint. 2. If necessary, select a field to make changes to the waypoint. 3. Select Done.
- 30. SCOUTS BSA – GEOCACHING MERIT BADGE SLIDE SUB-TITLE CREATING A WAYPOINT • Via Geocaching.com You can save your current location as a waypoint. 1. Select Mark Waypoint. 2. If necessary, select a field to make changes to the waypoint. 3. Select Done.
Editor's Notes
- Physical stages A physical stage is a waypoint where the cache owner has placed an item, such as a container or a tag. A physical stage must be at least 528 feet (161 meters) away from the physical stages of other geocaches. Virtual stages A virtual stage is a waypoint where the cache owner has not placed an item. Geocachers gather information at virtual stages to help them find or complete the cache. A virtual stage can be within 528 feet (161 meters) of other geocaches. Parking areas, reference points, and trailheads These waypoints help geocachers park their cars, find trails, or enjoy points of interest nearby. They don’t help geocachers find or complete the cache. Final locations The final location is where geocachers find the logbook. It is always a physical stage. There is only one final location per cache. Visible and hidden waypoints A waypoint can also be visible or hidden. A visible waypoint shows actual coordinates. Geocachers navigate to the coordinates to find an item or information. A hidden waypoint shows “bogus” or “reference” coordinates. Geocachers must solve for the actual coordinates to find an item or information. You can place a new cache near bogus coordinates because the cache owner hasn’t placed an item there. However, you can’t place a new cache near hidden, physical stages.
- Found It You can log caches online as "Found" after you visited the coordinates and signed the logbook. You can also add a photo or a Favorite point to your online log. Please take time to write at least a few sentences when you log your find — this is how you say “thank you” to the cache owner for creating and placing the geocache. EarthCaches and Virtual Caches have different logging requirements. Didn't Find It Use a “Didn’t Find It” (DNF) log when you look for a cache but do not find it. DNF logs are an important log type — they inform cache owners and other finders that a cache may be extra difficult to find or possibly missing. DNF stands for “Did not find”. Write note Use a “Write note” log to add information to a cache. Some examples: •You previously logged and found the cache, but want to add additional information. “Revisiting this cache with a friend who hasn’t found it yet!” •You dropped a trackable into a cache previously logged and found. •This cache is part of a challenge cache, but you haven’t completed all the challenge tasks yet. Will attend/Attended For Event Caches log a “Will attend” prior to the Event. Once you have physically attended the Event, choose the log type “Attended” to earn your smiley. Webcam Photo Taken Use a “Webcam Photo Taken” log after you visit a Webcam Cache. Webcams have different logging requirements than other cache types.
- Traditional Geocache This is the original type of geocache and the most straightforward. These geocaches will be a container at the given coordinates. The size may vary, but at minimum, all of these geocaches will have a logbook. Larger containers may contain items for trade and trackables. Mystery Cache Mystery or Puzzle Caches The "catch-all" of geocache types, this type may involve complicated puzzles that you will first need to solve to determine the correct coordinates. Mystery/Puzzle Caches often become the staging ground for new and unique geocaches that do not fit in another category. Multi-Cache Multi-Cache These geocaches involve two or more locations, with the final location being a physical container with a logbook inside. There are many variations, but typically once you’re at the first stage, you will receive a clue to the whereabouts of the second stage. The second stage will have a clue for the third, and so on. EarthCache EarthCache An EarthCache is a special geological location people can visit to learn about a unique feature of the Earth. EarthCache pages include a set of educational notes along with coordinates. Visitors to EarthCaches can see how our planet has been shaped by geological processes, how we manage its resources and how scientists gather evidence. Typically, to log an EarthCache, you will have to provide answers to questions by observing the geological location. For more information about EarthCaches visit http://www.earthcache.org/. Letterbox Hybrid Letterbox Hybrid Letterboxing is another form of treasure hunting that uses clues instead of coordinates. In some cases, the letterbox owner has made their container both a letterbox and a geocache and posted its coordinates on Geocaching.com. These types of geocaches will contain a stamp that is meant to remain in the box and is used by letterboxers to record their visit. To read more about letterboxing, visit Letterboxing North America. Event Cache Event Cache An Event Cache is a gathering of local geocachers or geocaching organizations. The Event Cache page specifies a time for the event and provides coordinates to its location. After the event has ended, it is archived. Cache In Trash Out Event - disabled Cache In Trash Out Event (CITO) Cache In Trash Out is the environmental initiative supported by the geocaching community. The main aim of this program is to clean up and preserve the natural areas that we enjoy while geocaching. These events are larger gatherings of geocachers that focus on litter clean-up, removal of invasive species, planting trees and vegetation and trail building. Mega-Event Mega-Event Cache A Mega-Event Cache is an Event Cache that is attended by 500+ people. Many Mega-Events offer geocachers a day of planned activities. There are often several days of additional activities surrounding a Mega-Event. These large events attract geocachers from all over the world and are often held annually. Giga-Event Giga-Event Cache This is one of the rarest geocache types available. A Giga-Event Cache is an event that is attended by 5000+ people. These events are similar to Mega-Events and may include activities, could last several days and are usually held annually. Since Giga-Events are so rare, they attract geocachers from all over the world. Wherigo Cache Wherigo™ Cache Wherigo is a toolset for creating and playing GPS-enabled adventures in the real world. By integrating a Wherigo experience, called a cartridge, with finding a geocache, the geocaching hunt can be an even richer experience. Among other uses, Wherigo allows geocachers to interact with physical and virtual elements such as objects or characters while still finding a physical geocache container. A Wherigo-enabled GPS device is required to play a cartridge. Learn more at Wherigo.com. Geocaching HQ Geocaching HQ Geocache The Geocaching HQ Geocache is located at Geocaching HQ in Seattle, Washington. Geocachers interested in visiting HQ to log the geocache should make an appointment at least 48 hours in advance via hqvisits@geocaching.com. More information can be found at http://geocachinghq.com/ GPS Adventures Exhibit GPS Adventures Maze Exhibit A find of this type represents attendance at the GPS Adventures Maze Exhibit or a regional variation. GPS Adventures Mazes are designed to teach people of all ages about GPS technology and geocaching through interactive science experiences. Lab Caches Welcome to Geocaching HQ Research & Development. A Lab Geocache is an experimental and extremely rare geocache type. These geocaches are a way for us to innovate and test—often at the molecular-level—new ideas to make geocaching even better. By finding a Lab Geocache, you’re helping shape the future of geocaching. Geocaching HQ Celebration Geocaching HQ Celebration Formerly known as the Groundspeak Lost and Found Celebration, this event cache type is used by Geocaching HQ to celebrate the biggest anniversary years of geocaching with a large event in Seattle, Washington. Geocaching HQ intends to host these events every ten years. Geocaching HQ Block Party Geocaching HQ Block Party Geocaching HQ hosted Block Parties annually between 2011 and 2015 in Seattle, Washington, outside the Geocaching HQ office. These large events attract geocachers from all over the world. Geocaching HQ intends to host future Block Parties. Community Celebration Event Community Celebration Event Formerly called the Lost and Found Event Cache, this is a special Event Cache type for community celebrations. Examples are events held April 30 - May 3, 2010 to celebrate 10 years of geocaching, as well as specially designated community events held in 2020 to celebrate 20 years of geocaching. Grandfathered Cache Types These are geocache types that are still available to find, but no longer available for creation on Geocaching.com. The reasons for why each of these types was retired varies. Virtual Cache Virtual Cache A Virtual Cache is about discovering a location rather than a container. The requirements for logging a Virtual Cache vary—you may be required to answer a question about the location, take a picture, complete a task, etc... In any case, you must visit the coordinates before you can post your log. Although many locations are interesting, a Virtual Cache should be out of the ordinary enough to warrant logging a visit. Virtual caches are considered waymarks on Waymarking.com. Webcam CacheWebcam Cache These are geocaches that use existing web cameras that monitor various areas like parks or business complexes. The idea is to get yourself in front of the camera and save a screen capture from the website where the camera is displayed in order to log a find. New webcam geocaches can be found in the Web Camera category on Waymarking.com. Project APE CacheProject A.P.E. Cache In 2001, fourteen geocaches were placed in conjunction with 20th Century Fox to support the movie Planet of the Apes. Each geocache represented a fictional story in which scientists revealed an Alternative Primate Evolution (A.P.E.). These geocaches were made using specially marked ammo containers and contained an original prop from the movie. Only a few Project A.P.E. caches still exist today. Locationless (Reverse) CacheLocationless (Reverse) Cache A Locationless Cache could be considered the opposite of a Traditional Cache. Instead of finding a hidden container, you locate a specific object and log its coordinates. New locationless geocaches are now Waymarks.