Big data in research: possibilities and pitfalls
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Lecture on big data in research for the SOWIESO dag 2022
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Big data in research: possibilities and pitfalls
- 1. Big data in research: possibilities and pitfalls Joppe Nijman Pediatric Intensivist / Clinician Researcher University Medical Center Utrecht SOWIESO dag 2022 Slideshare.net/joppenijman
- 2. “ Big data is data that contains greater variety, arriving in increasing volumes and with more velocity, making it difficult or impossible to process using traditional methods. 2
- 3. 3 Photo archive Wilhelmina Kinderziekenhuis, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- 4. 14 patients Admitted daily 266,112,000 meas Every single day ~220 parameters Measured every second 4
- 5. 5 Beam et al. JAMA 2018.
- 6. 6 Netflix Google Search Iphone Facial Recognition
- 7. 7 AlphaGo – Documentary 2017.
- 9. “ Artificial intelligence will not replace doctors. But doctors who use a rtificial intelligence will replace those who don’t. 9 Berci Meskó - https://medicalfuturist.com/
- 10. How (not) to make your AI model 10 1 3 5 6 4 2 Healthcare data Chosing the right statistical method Model evaluation & prediction Data preparation Modelling Implementation, legal & ethical issues
- 11. Type of data ⬡ (Semi)-structured vs unstructured ⬡ Text, numbers, images, etc. Data availability? FAIR data (Findability, Accessibility, Interoperability, Reusability) Healthcare data 11 Johnson et al. JACC 2018
- 12. Research for new breast cancer biomarkers ⬡ Structured data ⬡ Mainly numbers (imaging) ⬡ Machine learning? ∙ Amount of data ∙ Complex interactions Example 12 Rodrigues-Ferreira et al. Cancer Lett 2022.
- 13. Garbage in = garbage out ⬡ Measurement error ⬡ Missing data ⬡ Normalization ⬡ Unclassified data ⬡ Confounding (e.g. treatment effects)? Data preparation 13 Johnson et al. JACC 2018 https://xkcd.com/1838/
- 14. Measurement error, missing data and treatment effects 14 Zoodsma et al. Unpublished data 2022.
- 15. 15 Sepanski et al. Front Pediatr 2018. Normalization (heterogeneity?)
- 16. Automated sepsis prediction algorithm in EHR EPIC Unclassified data 16 https://www.statnews.com/2021/09/27/epic-sepsis-algorithm- antibiotics-model/ Huat Goh et al. Nature Comm 2021
- 17. Technique selection ⬡ Conventional ∙ E.g. Regression ⬡ Advanced data science / machine learning / artificial intelligence 17 Johnson et al. JACC 2018
- 18. 18 Lorberfeld. Towards Data Science (towardsdatascience.com) 2019.
- 19. 19 Beam et al. JAMA 2018.
- 20. Modelling & performance 20 Johnson et al. JACC 2018
- 21. Feature selection 21 Mourad et al. Scientific Reports 2020
- 22. Performance 22 Swalin. KDNuggets 2018 Auyeung. CK-12 foundation.
- 23. Your model is finished! 23 Johnson et al. JACC 2018
- 24. Your model is finished! 24 Wynants et al. BMJ 2020 Sperrin et al. BMJ 2020
- 25. 25 Van Royen et al. Eur Resp J 2022.
- 26. Interested? ⬡ https://leidraad-ai.nl ⬡ https://www.equator- network.org/ ⬡ https://www.go-fair.org/ ⬡ https://datacamp.com ⬡ https://towardsdatascience.com/ 26