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1. Baroque Playlist ♪
Baroque Music
1600-1750

2. BAROQUE
It is derived from the Portuguese word
“barroco” which means “ pearl of irregular
shape”
Some of the great composers of this time
were George Friedrich Handel, Johann
Sebastian Bach, Claudio Monteverdi and
Antonio Vivaldi

3. Periods :
 Early Baroque (1600-1650)
 Birth of the opera in Italy
 Middle Baroque (1650-1700)
 French opera began in the court of Luis XIV
with Lully
 Development of instrumental music with the
sonata
 Late Baroque (1700-1750)
 Great composers: Bach, Vivaldi, Händel,
Telemann, Scarlatti, Rameau

4. Characteristics of Baroque Music
 Melodies sound elaborate and ornamental
 Melodies are not easy to sing or remember
 Primarily contrapuntal textures with some
homophony
 Dynamic contrast – alternation between loud
and soft.
 Music genres-opera, oratorios, suites, tocatas,
concerto grosso, fugue
 Orchestra consist of strings and continuo

5. Harpsichord and organ are the
keyboard instruments that are
commonly used.
New forms:
1. binary – AB
2. ternary – ABC
3. ground bass
4. fugue

6. MUSIC GENRES OF BAROQUE
MUSIC
1. Concerto – a form of orchestral music
that employs a solo instrument
accompanied by an orchestra.
2. Concerto Grosso – a form of
orchestral music during the baroque
Period wherein the music is between a
small group of solo instruments called
concertino and the whole orchestra called
tutti.

7. 3. Fugue
- a contrapuntal piece, developed mainly
by imitative counterpoint.
- it is usually written in 3 or 4 parts, with a
main theme called “subject”
- the entire piece grows mainly from a
single brief tune of strong musical
character.

8. 4. Oratorio
A large scale musical composition
for orchestra and voices that
incorporates narratives on religious
themes.
Unlike usual theatrical works, this
is usually performed without the
use of costumes, scenery or action.

9. It is usually written in the native
language for the intended audience.
Examples:
a. Handel’s “Messiah,” “Samson,”
“Israel,” and “Egypt”
b. Bach’s “Christmas Oratorio”
c. Haydn’s “The Creation”

10. 5. Chorale

11. Artistic period that expands from:
 1600: Premiere of the first
opera: L'Orfeo ♪, by Claudio
Monteverdi
 1750: Death of Johann
Sebastian Bach,one of the
greatest composers ever.

13. Social Context
 Economic depression
 Absolutists monarchies ('Luises' in France,
Spanish Empire)
 Many scientific advances
 Heliocentric theory was reinforced by Galileo Galilei.
This ment that man wasn't the center of the Universe anymore

14. Aesthetic principles
 Humanism from the
Renaissance gave way
to a new religious era
 Arts demostrate the
power of God and kings
 Baroque art looks for
the dramatic
expression using
constrast effects and
ornaments

15. Baroque Music
Very important and long era with revolutionary
changes
 Birth of the harmony although polyphony is still practiced
Polyphony: several melodies Harmony: one melody + chords

16. New musical forms
 Vocal
 Opera (big vocal composition with theatralic representation)
 Oratorio (religious opera with no representation)
 Instrumental
 Suite (composition formed by several dances)
 Concerto (composition for a soloist instrument and orchestra)

17. Development of the orchestra
 Thanks to:
 The improvement of the violin
family
 Addition of instruments
(transverse flute, horn)
 New musical forms (opera,
concerto)
History of the Baroque Orchestra (click)
The Amsterdam Baroque Orchestra (click)

18. BAROQUE ORCHESTRA (variable)
 Violins, Violas, Cellos, Doublebasses
 2 Flutes/Oboes, Basson
 2 Horns, 2 trumpets
 2 Timpani
 Harpischord

20. Antonio Vivaldi (1687-1741)
 He was born in Venecia
 He was called 'The red monk'
 His 477 concertos established the new form
(3 movements, contrast of tutti and soli)
 He composed 'The Four Seasons', a set of 4
concerts for violin and orchestra
The Summer. 3rd movement ♪
The Spring. 1st movement ♪
The Autumn
The Winter
 Un príncipe en Venecia (trailer)

21. Johann Sebastian Bach (1685-1750)
 He was born in Eisenach
 He played organ, harpischord, violin & viola
 His family was one of the greatest musician
family
 He had 20 children and 2 wives
 His work is considered the top of Baroque music
for its intellectual and artistic depth.
 Cantata BWV 147
 Prelude in C major ♪
 Goldberg Variations
 Tocata and Fuga ♪
 Badinerie ♪
 Suite for Violoncello ♪
 Chaconne for Violin
- Mein name ist Bach (trailer)
- BBC Great Composers: J.S.Bach (trailer)

22. G.F.Haendel (1685-1759)
 He was born in Halle, Germany
 He went to England after his success in
London with 'Rinaldo'
 He nationalized British
 Famous for his italian operas and oratorios
 He created the Royal Academy of Music
 His huge work is the synthesis of Italian,
English, German, and French styles.
 Rinaldo (Lascia ch'io pianga) ♪
 El Mesías (Aleluya) ♪
 BBC Great Composers: Handel
 God Rot Tunbridge Wells (Haendel vs Scarlatti scene)