20. QUESTIONS TO ASK
WHAT INFORMATION IS CRUCIAL TO CONVEY
IN INITIAL MESSAGES?
WHAT ARE THE MESSAGES TO BE DELIVERED
PRIOR TO, DURING, AND AFTER AN INCIDENT?
WHAT ARE THE OBSTACLES TO EFFECTIVE
COMMUNICATION AND HOW CAN THEY BE
MINIMIZED?
20XX Pitch Deck 20
28. OBJECTIVES
Identify the different type of
messages suited to different
communication strategies.
Identify the different types of
audiences in communication
Create a disaster preparedness
message to a specified audience
20XX Pitch Deck 28
34. METHODS
A communication method is an actual
item, action, interface, or event that
communicators use to draw the
attention of the recipient, and to
inform him or her of the behavior
change that is necessary
20XX Pitch Deck 34
35. WHEN SELECTING
CHANNELS AND METHODS,
ASK:
โ What access does your organization have to the channel or
method?
โ How many people will be exposed to the message transmitted by
the channel or method?
โ Will target audience members pay attention to the method
transmitted by the channel?
โ Does the intended audience accept and trust the channel or
method?
โ Can the target audience be influenced by the channel or method?
โ Is the channel or method appropriate for conveying information at
the desired level of simplicity or complexity?
โ If skills need to be modeled, can the channel or method be used to
model and demonstrate specific behaviors?
20XX Pitch Deck 35
38. APPEALS
Humor: Humor
appeals have enjoyed
modest success in
motivating people to
engage in particular
behaviors in the past.
20XX Pitch Deck 38
39. Guilt: Messages that use guilt
appeals are relatively easy to
design because it is rather
easy invoke feelings of guilt
from people who have failed to
engage in a particular
behavior. Guilt appeals often
grasp upon message
recipientsโ care and concern
for loved ones.
20XX Pitch Deck 39
40. Fear: Fear appeals, which
convince target audience
members that something bad
will happen to them or people
close to them if they fail to
engage in a promoted
behavior, can be a highly
effective persuasion method.
20XX Pitch Deck 40
42. The Extended Parallel
Process Model
The Transtheoretical Model
of Intentional Behavior
Change
Diffusion of Innovations
Theory
20XX Pitch Deck 42
Editor's Notes
Understanding the needs, cultural background, community history, location, and values of your audiences is one of the most important factors in effective communication. This understanding allows you to match your message to audience characteristics, such as interests, cultural background, location, and their preferred communication channels.
CHAPTER 3
Messages and Audiences
Learning Outcomes
After this chapter, you are expected to:
1. Identify the different type of messages suited to different communication strategies.
2. Identify the different types of audiences in communication
3. Create a disaster preparedness message to a specified audience
Lesson 1: Understanding Audiences
Also bear in mind that they do not just receive information; they also send it. With changing media technologies, including social media services like Twitter and Facebook, and the ability to use digital media and the Internet, people in a disaster zone can post real-time information. They will often repost and retweet official messages. They also have the ability to post unofficial messages and rumors.
Understanding the pattern of a crisis can help you, as a communicator, anticipate problems and respond effectively. While every crisis is unique and develops in its own way, these generalized patterns have been shown to be part of most events. By dividing the crisis into phases, communicators can anticipate the information needs of the media, stakeholders, and the general public. Therefore, your communication efforts must evolve. Each of the following phases has its own unique informational requirements.
Strengths and Weaknesses of Media
Message appeal is one of the first and most critical decisions communicators make when designing their messages. Three of the most common appeals used in persuasion attempts are humor, guilt, and fear.
The theory suggests that successful new technologies or practices come to be known by different segments of the population at different times.
From the Innovators to Laggards