This document discusses various types of equity instruments. An equity instrument refers to a legally binding document that serves as evidence of ownership in a company, such as a share certificate. Common types of equity instruments include common stock, convertible debentures, preferred stock, depository receipts, and transferable subscription rights. Common stock allows shareholders to own part of the company and have voting rights proportional to their shares. Convertible debentures function similarly to bonds but can be converted to common stock. Preferred stock entitles shareholders to repayment of capital before common shareholders. Depository receipts provide the same rights as shares in a listed company. Transferable subscription rights allow shareholders to sell or transfer rights to purchase additional shares.

1. EQUITY INSTRUMENTS
GULSHANKUMAR S
ISBR COLLEGE

2. What is equity instrument
 An equity instrument refers to a document which serves as a legally
applicable evidence of the ownership right in a firm, like a share
certificate. Equity instruments are, generally, issued to company
shareholders and are used to fund the business. It is, however, not
necessary that the issued equity must return a dividend for it is
based on profits and the terms of business.

3. Categories of equity instrument
 Common stock
 Convertible debenture
 Preferred stock
 Depository receipt
 Transferable Subscription Rights

4. Common Stock
 Common stock is one of the equity instruments issued by a public company to
raise funds from the public. The shareholders have the privilege of being entitled
to co-ownership of the company in addition to having the right to vote at the
shareholders meeting as per the proportion of shares. Besides, they also have
rights to take decision in important issues like raising capital to pay dividends and
merging business. Moreover, the shareholders can also apply for new shares when
the company has increased capital or issues a new allocation to the shareholders.

5. Convertible debenture
 Convertible debenture is another type of equity instrument which is similar to
common bonds, the only difference being that a convertible debenture can be
converted into common stock during the particular rates and prices mentioned in
the prospectus. Convertible debentures are quite popular for profitable returns
from converted stock are higher than those form common bonds.

6. Preferred Stock
 Preferred stock, another equity instrument, involves shareholders’ participation
as a business owner as in common stock. The variation lies in that the preferred
shareholders are entitled to receive repayment of capital prior to the common
shareholders.

7. Depository receipt
 Depository receipt is an equity instrument which entitles the rights to reference
common bonds, ordinary debentures, and convertible debentures. Investors
holding a depository receipt get benefits as shareholders of listed companies in
every respects, be it the voting rights or financial rights in the listed companies.

8. Transferable Subscription Rights
 Transferable Subscription Rights (TSR) is an equity instrument issued by a
company to all shareholders in proporti8on numbers of shares already held by
them. This instrument is used as evidence in shares of the company. The existing
shareholders can sell/transfer their rights to others if they do not want to
exercise their shares.

9. THANK YOU
 Reference
 https://www.upcounsel.com/equity-instruments

 https://www.investopedia.com/terms/f/financialinstrument.asp
 https://www.readyratios.com/reference/accounting/equity_instrument.html