Crazy focal length(s)

Crazy Focal Length(s)
Lens are important for capturing
Lenses
● Lenses can focus (converge) or De-focus (diverge) an object's /
subjects using the light beams (rays).
● This process happens due to the law of refraction.
● These lenses are divided into two types mainly Biconcave and
Biconvex lenses.
● In which between these two main types there are four subtypes
namely Plano-concave, Plano-convex, Positive meniscus and
Negative meniscus.
So what do these different types of lenses do with the camera?
● These different types of lenses are combined together & made into
a single lens!
● This helps in sharp focus as well as creative blur(s)!
By Gikz
Camera Tech Talkie Blog

Knowing the right lenses!
● Now a days there are many different option for lenses available when we step outside in the world.
● Cheap to unaffordable price.
● So when there are too many options confusion rules.
● But still it is an easy job to do! Find the purpose or motive of your moment which you are planning to capture.
● Visualize in your creative mind.
For Example
I am planning to capture a food ad. When thinking about it I want to get close to feel the food and it’s aroma, see the ingredients on top
and finally revealing the food. If it’s a video all should be capturing with a small movement. So after the picturisation I feel a 50mm lens
would help a lot with a minimal usage of my kit lens.

Choosing LENSES
Fixed focal length (Block / Prime) lenses Variable focal length (Zoom ) lenses

Prime Lenses
● Prime lenses are otherwise called as Fixed Focal Length Lenses or even Block Lenses.
● Theses type of lenses have the fast aperture which are really helpful for shooting under low light conditions.
● These are also available from ultra-wide/fisheye lenses to Telephoto lenses.

Working of Prime Lenses
● Prime Lenses are compact and easy to use.
● They have a fast aperture value which is very helpful during Low light Conditions.
● The major drawback is there fixed focal length which limits our ability to a point when compared with Zoom Lenses.
● That is if you need to get close to a subject a physical movement is needed which might be possible in some areas and some may
not.
● But still Prime Lenses have their own style of registering an image.
● Technically speaking the lights are made to pass through the lens and hit the image sensor.
● This process is more complicated in Zoom Lenses when compared with Prime Lenses, due to many lens elements used for
changing focal length instantly.
● So there will be a moderate loss of light when compared with Prime lenses.
● Therefore, Prime Lenses have lesser lens element inside which makes them compact and powerful.

Uses of Prime Lenses
● Prime Lenses can be used to capture
● with more aesthetic value,
● with shallow depth of field and
● works well in low light condition.

Prime Lenses
Pros
● Fast Aperture available hence called as Speed Lenses
● Achieving Shallow depth of field is easy.
● The only Low Light Conditions helper
Cons
● Fixed Focal length.
● Minimum Aperture hard to find the focus line.
● Yep! It’s compact but costly when going for lower f-
number.

Zoom Lenses
● Zoom Lenses are otherwise called as Variable Focal Length lenses.
● These types of lenses have fast zooming ability which is helpful in getting close to subject in seconds without much physical
movements.
● These lenses are available from ultra-wide/fisheye to Telephoto lenses.

Working of Zoom Lenses
● Zoom Lenses are good looking and fun to handle.
● The shift focal length ability opens up our creative mind at an unexpected time.
● Even though they have two major drawbacks especially when their is an increase in focal length, keeping the composed frame
steady becomes difficult and when coming to Low budgeted Zoom Lenses they have a minimum aperture which varies
accordingly during the adjustment in focal length.
● When seeing technically Zoom Lenses have many lens elements inside, which helps them in changing their focal length from
one point to a different point(millimeter(mm)).
● These elements cut a moderate amount of light.
● In simple words getting close or away to the subject.
● Therefore, Zoom Lenses needs less physical movements when compared with Prime Lenses for capturing distance subject
from a fixed point.

Uses of Zoom Lenses
Zoom Lenses can be used to capture
● far subjects in seconds of zoom,
● can do creative effects (Zoom burst, Motion Blur) and
● to register details of the subjects.

Zoom Lenses
Pros
● Fast Zooming.
● Achieving both Shallow as well as Narrow depth of field
are quite easy.
● The only distanced subject capturer.
Cons
● Variable minimum Aperture.
● As focal length increase holding the frame turns hard.
● Yep! It’s compact but costly when going for lower f-
number.

Choosing LENSES
Fixed focal length (Block / Prime) lenses
● A fixed focal length lenses have an angle of view which
cannot be changed.
● If you want the subject to be filled over all or part of the
frame only physical movement is need.
● These lenses are available from ultra-wide / fisheye
lenses to telephoto lenses.
● Example Sony 16mm F2.8, Canon 20mm F/2.8,...
Variable focal length (Zoom ) lenses
● A variable focal length lenses have an angle of view
which can be changed manually in lens without moving
back or forth.
● So placing the subject over all or part of the frame is
achieved quickly.
● These are also available from ultra wide / fish lenses to
telephoto lenses.
● Example Canon 24mm - 70mm f2.8, Sony 18mm -
50mm,...

Advantages
Fixed Focal Length Lenses
● Depth of field can be achieved far better.
● Fast Aperture is available
● Small and Compact
● Low light helper
Variable Focal Length Lenses
● Capturing distance subject/object are achieved far
better just being static.
● Image Stabilization.
● Quick moves.
● Creative Techniques.

Disadvantages
Fixed Focal Length Lenses
● Getting close to a subject / object need physical move.
● Focusing can be difficult when aperture is low in
number.
● Costly when aperture is low in number.
Variable Focal Length Lenses
● Movement blur.
● Weight.
● Aperture cannot be maintained while zooming.

Special Purpose Lenses
● Special Purpose Lenses are used rarely.
● They are used mostly by photographers.
● These lenses gives a unique and different perspective of an normal image.

Tilt-Shift Lenses
● Tilt-Shift lenses are also called as perspective control lenses.
● These lenses have a fixed focal length as well as f-number.
● And in the lens there will be marking to know the amount of degree it has been tilted.
● The tilt shifting should be done manually.
● These lenses can be used for selective focus points, creative angle of view and also for fake miniature effect.

Macro Lenses
● Macro Lenses can also be called as Extreme Close-ups lenses.
● They are also available with fixed focal length and f-number.
● They have shallow depth of field which is very difficult to handle while capturing.
● They also should be balanced to correct exposure with keen concentration in seeing the TTL meter.
● Excluding all these easily overcoming stuffs we have each focal length having its own reproduction ratio.
● This reproduction ratio can also be called as magnification ratio (1:1(life size), 5:1(life size),
1:2(half life size), 1:4(quarter life size)), which determines the size of the magnification or how close the
lens can capture the subject and deliver the final out.
● So understanding and learning macro photography is fun and entertaining.
● These Lenses are used for capturing extreme close-up of a subject.
● For Example Human eye, insects and texture details.

Advantages
Using these lenses
● Attracts the viewers,
● Creative on its own and
● Of Course mind-blowing effects can be created.
Disadvantage
Using these lenses
● Needs practice,
● Calculation and
● Mainly observation as well as patience.

Gikz Tips
Prime Lenses are widely used during shoots like song album(s), short film, event photography (wedding, birthday, party,…), movies, web series,
creative exposure(s) etc,. Or can say it’s works well where depth of field needs to suit up with some creativeness, attractiveness and eye-popping.
With Prime lenses achieving bokeh is easy. And during low light conditions better exposure can be easily achieved without disturbing ISO. Aesthetic
challenges can solved quickly with these lenses. Highly used by wedding photographers.
Zoom Lenses are widely used during shoots like short film, documentary, news, movies, web series, tv serials, reality shows etc,. Or can say it’s
works well with both depth of field as well as distanced capturing with creativeness.
With Zoom Lenses far distance can be reduced into nothing within a fractions of seconds. When zooming In/Out low number aperture value varies
according to the mm. Minimum shutter value should be above 1/125 when using 55m - 200mm lens in order to avoid shake while clicking the shutter
release button,. Every common DSLR holder uses it.
Special Purpose Lenses are widely used during shoots like fake miniature, extreme close-ups, architectural photographyetc,. Or can says it’s works well with
distorted still creative, shallow focused still attractive and in depth texture details still mind-blowing.

Conclusion
Try every lens when you get a chance, use them at all levels, know them, understand them and find out how you can use them on the right time.
This in the only differents between an ameture and a semi-professional / professional photographer / cinematographer.
About the Author
Gikz
He is a professional photographer, cinematographer and editor. He is
doing Freelance works and also started to blog. His motive is to teach
everyone about camera, lens, lighting and much more.
Like, Comment, Share and Follow !! :)

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