We hope that you find these training modules helpful. These modules were designed to be beneficial to all; whether you are a perspective consumer, a new program participant, or you've been with the program for years.

1. CONSUMER DIRECTED PERSONAL ASSISTANCE
PROGRAM (CDPAP) It’s your program
Personal Assistant Training:
 Introduction to CDPAP
 Transfer safety and lifting methods
 Infection control
 Personal Care - Bathing/Grooming/skin care
 Oxygen Safety
 Blood pressure monitoring
 PICC line care
 Catheter care
 Seizures overview and safety
 Range of motion
“This document was developed under grant CFDA 93.778 from the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services. However, these contents do
not necessarily represent the policy of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, and you should not assume endorsement by the Federal Government.”
 Ambulation
 Traumatic Brain Injury
 Blood sugar monitoring
 Skin Care
 Emergency situations
 Housekeeping
 Additional Resources

2. TRAINING 1: INTRODUCTION TO CDPAP Click for Home Page
“Consumer Directed Personal Assistance allows Medicaid recipients in need of personal care, home health and
nursing services to recruit, hire, train, supervise and terminate their own personal assistants. Under CDPA,
people with long-standing illnesses or disabilities have much greater control and freedom over their own care
than under traditional home care services. They are able to hire friends or loved ones to work for them, thus
eliminating potential stress from strangers in the home or language/cultural barrier issues. CDPA consumers
allocate weekly hours on a flexible day-to-day basis, rather than following a daily schedule of hours set by a
third party. The program ultimately provides consumers with controls that many take for granted.”

3. TRAINING 2:TRANSFER SAFETY AND LIFTING
METHODS
Click for Home Page
This video was developed under a federal grant to disseminate medical and non-medical information but does not represent endorsement by any governmental
agency. This video is intended to be a resource for program participants (“consumers”), consumers’ designated representatives, and consumers’ employees. The
information presented in this video is for illustration purposes only and is not medical training or advice. Consumers or their designated representatives are
solely responsible for the training of consumers’ employees. This video was created in 2015, is copyrighted under U.S. law, and has not been updated since its
creation.

4. TRAINING 3: INFECTION CONTROL
Click for Home Page
This video was developed under a federal grant to disseminate medical and non-medical information but does not represent endorsement by any governmental
agency. This video is intended to be a resource for program participants (“consumers”), consumers’ designated representatives, and consumers’ employees. The
information presented in this video is for illustration purposes only and is not medical training or advice. Consumers or their designated representatives are
solely responsible for the training of consumers’ employees. This video was created in 2015, is copyrighted under U.S. law, and has not been updated since its
creation.

5. TRAINING 4: PERSONAL CARE -
BATHING/GROOMING/SKIN CARE
Click for Home Page
This video was developed under a federal grant to disseminate medical and non-medical information but does not represent endorsement by any governmental
agency. This video is intended to be a resource for program participants (“consumers”), consumers’ designated representatives, and consumers’ employees. The
information presented in this video is for illustration purposes only and is not medical training or advice. Consumers or their designated representatives are
solely responsible for the training of consumers’ employees. This video was created in 2015, is copyrighted under U.S. law, and has not been updated since its
creation.

6. TRAINING 5: OXYGEN SAFETY
Click for Home Page
This video was developed under a federal grant to disseminate medical and non-medical information but does not represent endorsement by any governmental
agency. This video is intended to be a resource for program participants (“consumers”), consumers’ designated representatives, and consumers’ employees. The
information presented in this video is for illustration purposes only and is not medical training or advice. Consumers or their designated representatives are
solely responsible for the training of consumers’ employees. This video was created in 2015, is copyrighted under U.S. law, and has not been updated since its
creation.

7. TRAINING 6: BLOOD PRESSURE MONITORING Click for Home Page
This video was developed under a federal grant to disseminate medical and non-medical information but does not represent endorsement by any governmental
agency. This video is intended to be a resource for program participants (“consumers”), consumers’ designated representatives, and consumers’ employees. The
information presented in this video is for illustration purposes only and is not medical training or advice. Consumers or their designated representatives are
solely responsible for the training of consumers’ employees. This video was created in 2015, is copyrighted under U.S. law, and has not been updated since its
creation.

8. TRAINING 7: PICC LINE CARE Click for Home Page
This video was developed under a federal grant to disseminate medical and non-medical information but does not represent endorsement by any governmental
agency. This video is intended to be a resource for program participants (“consumers”), consumers’ designated representatives, and consumers’ employees. The
information presented in this video is for illustration purposes only and is not medical training or advice. Consumers or their designated representatives are
solely responsible for the training of consumers’ employees. This video was created in 2015, is copyrighted under U.S. law, and has not been updated since its
creation.

9. TRAINING 8: CATHETER CARE
Click for Home Page
This video was developed under a federal grant to disseminate medical and non-medical information but does not represent endorsement by any governmental
agency. This video is intended to be a resource for program participants (“consumers”), consumers’ designated representatives, and consumers’ employees. The
information presented in this video is for illustration purposes only and is not medical training or advice. Consumers or their designated representatives are
solely responsible for the training of consumers’ employees. This video was created in 2015, is copyrighted under U.S. law, and has not been updated since its
creation.

10. TRAINING 9: SEIZURES OVERVIEW AND SAFETY Click for Home Page
This video was developed under a federal grant to disseminate medical and non-medical information but does not represent endorsement by any governmental
agency. This video is intended to be a resource for program participants (“consumers”), consumers’ designated representatives, and consumers’ employees. The
information presented in this video is for illustration purposes only and is not medical training or advice. Consumers or their designated representatives are
solely responsible for the training of consumers’ employees. This video was created in 2015, is copyrighted under U.S. law, and has not been updated since its
creation.

11. TRAINING 10: RANGE OF MOTION Click for Home Page
This video was developed under a federal grant to disseminate medical and non-medical information but does not represent endorsement by any governmental
agency. This video is intended to be a resource for program participants (“consumers”), consumers’ designated representatives, and consumers’ employees. The
information presented in this video is for illustration purposes only and is not medical training or advice. Consumers or their designated representatives are
solely responsible for the training of consumers’ employees. This video was created in 2015, is copyrighted under U.S. law, and has not been updated since its
creation.

12. TRAINING 11: AMBULATION Click for Home Page
This video was developed under a federal grant to disseminate medical and non-medical information but does not represent endorsement by any governmental
agency. This video is intended to be a resource for program participants (“consumers”), consumers’ designated representatives, and consumers’ employees. The
information presented in this video is for illustration purposes only and is not medical training or advice. Consumers or their designated representatives are
solely responsible for the training of consumers’ employees. This video was created in 2015, is copyrighted under U.S. law, and has not been updated since its
creation.

13. TRAINING 12: TRAUMATIC BRAIN INJURY Click for Home Page
This video was developed under a federal grant to disseminate medical and non-medical information but does not represent endorsement by any governmental
agency. This video is intended to be a resource for program participants (“consumers”), consumers’ designated representatives, and consumers’ employees. The
information presented in this video is for illustration purposes only and is not medical training or advice. Consumers or their designated representatives are
solely responsible for the training of consumers’ employees. This video was created in 2015, is copyrighted under U.S. law, and has not been updated since its
creation.

14. TRAINING 13: BLOOD SUGAR MONITORING Click for Home Page
This video was developed under a federal grant to disseminate medical and non-medical information but does not represent endorsement by any governmental
agency. This video is intended to be a resource for program participants (“consumers”), consumers’ designated representatives, and consumers’ employees. The
information presented in this video is for illustration purposes only and is not medical training or advice. Consumers or their designated representatives are
solely responsible for the training of consumers’ employees. This video was created in 2015, is copyrighted under U.S. law, and has not been updated since its
creation.

15. TRAINING 14: SKIN CARE Click for Home Page
This video was developed under a federal grant to disseminate medical and non-medical information but does not represent endorsement by any governmental
agency. This video is intended to be a resource for program participants (“consumers”), consumers’ designated representatives, and consumers’ employees. The
information presented in this video is for illustration purposes only and is not medical training or advice. Consumers or their designated representatives are
solely responsible for the training of consumers’ employees. This video was created in 2015, is copyrighted under U.S. law, and has not been updated since its
creation.

16. TRAINING 15: EMERGENCY SITUATIONS
 Body substance isolation – protective equipment
 Scene safety & calling 911
 CPR
 Choking
 Heart attack
 Stroke
 Shock
 Tourniquet
 EpiPen
 Soft tissue injuries
 Burns
 Heat & cold exposure
 Nosebleeds
Click for Home Page

17. BODY SUBSTANCE ISOLATION (B.S.I.)
PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT (P.P.E.)
Protecting yourself from disease that can be transmitted through body
substances such as vomit, sputum, blood, urine or feces is easy!
1. Handwashing!! ALWAYS wash hands for the recommended 20 – 60 seconds
before and after treating a patient, before and after using the bathroom, and before and
after preparing and eating meals as well as anytime you might come into contact with
ANYTHING WET AND STICKY THAT ISN’T YOURS!
2. Gloves: Keep from coming into contact with substances by wearing latex free
gloves. change them if they become dirty or torn
3. Mask: A mask will keep you from spreading germs to your patient if YOU are sick
and from THEM infecting you if they are coughing, sneezing
Click for Home Page

18. SCENE SAFETY
Whenever you see someone who may need your help, be sure to look around first to see if
there is anything that may injure you while you are trying to assist the victim. Some examples
may be electrical wires, leaking fluids from a crashed vehicle, pets, violence, unstable
surfaces. If you feel it is unsafe to approach the victim, call 911 and assure them you are
getting help to the scene. Stay nearby and offer help IF SCENE’S SAFE.
CALLING 911: WHAT TO KNOW
WHERE ARE YOU? If you can give landmarks or even better, a good address, help
can find you faster.
WHO ARE YOU? Give your name and phone number, this way if your call is
disconnected, they can call you back
WHAT IS YOUR EMERGENCY? Tell the dispatcher why you are calling, they will
give you directions on how to help the victim and it will help them send the right help.
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19. HOW MANY VICTIMS ARE THERE? This will help them send the right amount of
help the fastest.
WHAT ELSE SHOULD I DO? The dispatcher may ask you to unlock the doors, turn
on a porch light, put away any pets and gather up medications if you don’t have to be
performing any patient care. This will help rescuers find you faster, and help with
what they need to do when they get there.
So now you are ready to respond to an emergency and know how to protect yourself
and call 911...Next we are going to look at various illnesses and injuries
that will need you to provide initial patient care and prepare
the victim for transport to the hospital.
Click for Home Page

20. CPR : CARDIO PULMONARY RESUSCITATION
Click for Home Page
This video was developed under a federal grant to disseminate medical and non-medical information but does not represent endorsement by any governmental
agency. This video is intended to be a resource for program participants (“consumers”), consumers’ designated representatives, and consumers’ employees. The
information presented in this video is for illustration purposes only and is not medical training or advice. Consumers or their designated representatives are
solely responsible for the training of consumers’ employees. This video was created in 2015, is copyrighted under U.S. law, and has not been updated since its
creation.

21. CHOKING
Click for Home Page
This video was developed under a federal grant to disseminate medical and non-medical information but does not represent endorsement by any governmental
agency. This video is intended to be a resource for program participants (“consumers”), consumers’ designated representatives, and consumers’ employees. The
information presented in this video is for illustration purposes only and is not medical training or advice. Consumers or their designated representatives are
solely responsible for the training of consumers’ employees. This video was created in 2015, is copyrighted under U.S. law, and has not been updated since its
creation.

22. WHAT HAPPENS IN A HEART ATTACK OR STROKE?
 ISCHEMIA the death of tissue from lack of blood flow and oxygen
delivery.
 PUMP FAILURE the electrical or mechanical function of the heart
becomes irregular or ineffective.
 PIPE FAILURE the vessels have problems constricting or
expanding or have a leak, or become blocked with fatty plaque or
obstructions/clots.
Click for Home Page

23. FLUID FAILURE the blood doesn’t have enough oxygen, has
too much carbon monoxide or carbon dioxide, or is leaking out.
Click for Home Page

24. Most commonly, ischemia is caused by a blockage (pipe failure). When the
tissue becomes ischemic, the body sends out pain signals or has a loss in function.
When the heart doesn’t pump effectively (pump failure) the blood does not travel
through the way it needs to. This will also cause ischemia due to lack of oxygen
delivery to the tissue.
Click for Home Page

25. A blood clot or a bleed will also cause ischemia in the brain, which is what is known
as a stroke or cerebral vascular accident (CVA).
In a heart attack, chest pain is most common. Pain may also occur in the jaw, arm,
back or be a general “not well” feeling.
In a stroke, the pain is a severe headache. However, this may not occur and the
victim will instead have weakness and loss of function.
Click for Home Page

26. SIGNS VERSUS SYMPTOMS
A sign is something you can see about a victim: bruising, blue
lips, sweating, swelling, bleeding, deformities to a bone, struggling
to breathe, holding their chest, or not responding at all.
A symptom is what the victim says is wrong: “I feel _______”.
Each medical complaint or traumatic injury has some specific signs
and symptoms that clue us into what is wrong, even if the patient
cannot speak.
Click for Home Page

27. SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS OF A HEART ATTACK
Pain
Tightness
Discomfort
Burning sensation in the chest
It may also be felt in the jaw, arms, neck and/or back
Difficulty breathing or
Increase in difficulty when moving
Sudden onset of sweating
Nausea and/or vomiting
Click for Home Page

28. TREATMENT FOR SIGNS/SYMPTOMS OF A HEART
ATTACK
CALL 911
Rest: have the victim sit or lie down
Loosen clothing around the neck, chest and waist
Be ready to give CPR if the victim becomes unresponsive and stops
breathing.
Click for Home Page

29. SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS OF A STROKE (CVA)
THINK F.A.S.T.!
F - FACIAL DROOP one side of the face may sag or when the person smiles
one side of their mouth will not rise up as normal.
A - ARM DROP ask the victim to close their eyes and hold their arms out in
front of them. One may drop below the level of the other one. You can also
ask the to grip your hands with theirs and one side may be weaker than the
other.
S - SPEECH the victim may be speaking slowly, clearly and may say words or
sounds that don’t make sense. Ask them to repeat something you say to
assess this deficit.
T - TIME ask how long they have had these symptoms or when was the last
time someone saw them “normal” if there are witnesses to interview. This is
critical for EMS/MD to know for proper care.
Click for Home Page

30. TREATMENT FOR A VICTIM WITH SIGNS/SYMPTOMS
OF A STROKE
CALL 911
Have the victim rest, reassure them help is on the way.
If the victim has a severe headache, nausea, vomiting or nosebleed,
be prepared to assist them and monitor for airway problems.
If the victim becomes unresponsive be prepared to do CPR.
Click for Home Page

31. NOTE: THE DEFICITS FROM HEART ATTACKS AND STROKE CAN
BE REDUCED SIGNIFICANTLY BY QUICK ACTION AND QUICK
TRANSPORT TO THE HOSPITAL.
“TIME IS MUSCLE” or, in other words, the faster we can restore
oxygen delivery to the tissues, the quicker the body can recover and the
less the damage is done to the body. Even if the victim doesn’t want
your help, call 911 and get rescuers there. They can often talk them into
getting help and this will save their life. You are that first link in the chain
of survival!
Click for Home Page

32. SHOCK
WHAT IS IT? HOW DOES IT HAPPEN IN THE BODY? WHAT
CAN YOU DO ABOUT IT?
Shock results when oxygen is not delivered to the tissues of the
body. Heart attacks (cardiogenic shock) and strokes (neurogenic
shock) are only two emergencies where hypoperfusion (shock)
occurs. Serious injury that causes bleeding (hemmorrhagic shock)
or illness like diabetes, epilepsy and severe allergic reactions
(anaphylactic shock) are also causes of a lack of oxygen delivery to
the tissues.
Click for Home Page

33. SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS OF SHOCK
(REGARDLESS OF THE CAUSE)
 Altered mental status
 Confusion
 Restlessness
 Anxiety
 pale, cool, moist skin
 Nausea and/or vomiting
 Rapid breathing
 Rapid pulse
Click for Home Page

34. BLEEDING AND SHOCK (HEMMORRHAGIC OR
HYPOVOLEMIC)
There are two types of bleeding: External and Internal.
External: bleeding you can see
 Arterial bleeding “Spurts” with every beat of your heart
 Venous bleeding oozes
 Capillary bleeding stops by itself or with minimal pressure
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35. MOST external bleeding will stop with DIRECT PRESSURE over the
site of the wound. Once it stops, cover it with clean dressing and
bandage.
CALL 911 if:
 Bleeding is from the eyes, ears, mouth, nose or genital/rectal area.
 Bleeding does not stop with direct pressure.
 The area of bleeding is large OR the bleeding is internal (inside the
body). You will see large areas of bruising, swelling, and pain.
Click for Home Page

36. TOURNIQUET USE Click for Home Page
This video was developed under a federal grant to disseminate medical and non-medical information but does not represent endorsement by any governmental
agency. This video is intended to be a resource for program participants (“consumers”), consumers’ designated representatives, and consumers’ employees. The
information presented in this video is for illustration purposes only and is not medical training or advice. Consumers or their designated representatives are
solely responsible for the training of consumers’ employees. This video was created in 2015, is copyrighted under U.S. law, and has not been updated since its
creation.

37. EPIPEN
This video was developed under a federal grant to disseminate medical and non-medical information but does not represent endorsement by any governmental
agency. This video is intended to be a resource for program participants (“consumers”), consumers’ designated representatives, and consumers’ employees. The
information presented in this video is for illustration purposes only and is not medical training or advice. Consumers or their designated representatives are
solely responsible for the training of consumers’ employees. This video was created in 2015, is copyrighted under U.S. law, and has not been updated since its
creation.
Click for Home Page

38. SOFT TISSUE INJURIES
LACERATIONS/CUTS
PUNCTURES/PENETRATIONS
BURNS
Click for Home Page

39. TREATMENT FOR SOFT TISSUE INJURIES
CALL 911….
IF SAFE TO APPROACH
CONTROL ANY BLEEDING WITH DIRECT PRESSURE
COVER WITH STERILE DRESSING
LEAVE ANY IMPALED OBJECTS IN PLACE
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40. BURNS
Remove victim from the source of burn (fire, steam, chemicals,
electricity) only if safe to do so.
Types of Burns:
1st degree: Red, painful (sunburn)
2nd degree: Blisters, painful
3rd degree: Charring, oozing, little or no pain
DO NOT APPLY ANY LOTIONS, ALOE OR CREAMS
REMOVE ANY JEWELRY (rings, bracelets, watches) if in area of the
burn because of swelling
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41. Critical burns:
Any burns to a child or elderly person
any that involve the face, feet, hands or groin area,
1st degree greater than 50% of the body,
2nd degree or 3rd degree to any age victim
If burns are chemical in nature; brush away powders first, then flush for
20 minutes with water.
If electrical in nature and safe to do so, treat entry and exit wounds like
any soft tissue injury, also be prepared to do CPR.
Click for Home Page

42. HEAT AND COLD EXPOSURE EMERGENCIES
The body’s normal temperature is 98.6 degrees F. When it exceeds that
by >5 degrees or < 5 degrees, the body does not function effectively.
Most exposure emergencies occur when someone is outside in extreme
heat or cold for extended periods of time. Many people have physical
disabilities or medical conditions which contribute to problems with
regulating heat loss and heat production.
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43. SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS OF HEAT EXPOSURE
 CRAMPING IN LARGE MUSCLES OF LEGS
 NAUSEA
 VOMITING
 PROGRESSES TO LACK OF SWEATING
 ALTERED MENTAL STATUS,
SEIZURES AND COMA,
POSSIBLE CARDIAC ARREST
Click for Home Page

44. SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS OF COLD EXPOSURE
SHIVERING
RED AND PAINFUL EXPOSED SKIN, TURNS WHITE THEN
BECOMES HARD AND BLACKENS
 MENTAL STATUS WILL DECREASE,
 MUSCULAR DEXTERITY WILL LESSEN, BODY WILL STIFFEN AS
PATIENT LOSES CONSCIOUSNESS, AND GOES INTO CARDIAC
ARREST
Click for Home Page

45. TREATMENT FOR EXPOSURE TO HEAT AND COLD
 CALL 911,
 IF SCENE IS SAFE, ASSESS PATIENT
 REMOVE THEM FROM THE EXTREME TEMPERATURE
 REMOVE ANY WET CLOTHING IF POSSIBLE
 SLOWLY COOL OR WARM PATIENT WITH ICE/BLANKETS
 MONITOR ABCs, CARE FOR SHOCK
 PLACE IN RECOVERY POSITION
 DO NOT GIVE ANYTHING TO EAT OR DRINK,
 DO NOT RUB COLD SKIN OR PLACE IN WARM WATER
 BE PREPARED TO DO CPR IF NEEDED
Click for Home Page

46. NOSEBLEEDS : EPISTAXIS
Some nosebleeds will stop quickly, but if they do not, here’s what to do:
 Have the victim bend forward to prevent blood from draining into the
throat or being swallowed,
 Pinch the nose at the top between the eyes,
 Place cold cloths or cold packs on the back of the neck,
 Monitor ABCs, care for shock,
 If they become unconscious, place in recovery position,
 Be prepared to do CPR if needed.
Click for Home Page

47. REMEMBER: This is not in any way a certification course. If you wish to
get further education or certification, call your local American Heart
Association. Go to www.aha.com for a list of offices and training
centers near you.
Click for Home Page

48. TRAINING 16: HOUSEKEEPING Click for Home Page
This video was developed under a federal grant to disseminate medical and non-medical information but does not represent endorsement by any governmental
agency. This video is intended to be a resource for program participants (“consumers”), consumers’ designated representatives, and consumers’ employees. The
information presented in this video is for illustration purposes only and is not medical training or advice. Consumers or their designated representatives are
solely responsible for the training of consumers’ employees. This video was created in 2015, is copyrighted under U.S. law, and has not been updated since its
creation.

49. ADDITIONAL RESOURCES AND CREDITS:
http://www.ilny.org/events/training-events
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