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GIVING
REASONS
is more common than as and since, both in writing and speaking.
 We didn’t enjoy the day because the weather was so awful.
 Because breathing is something we do automatically, we rarely think about it.
are more formal than because.
 As it was getting late, I turned around to start for home.
 We chose John to lead us as he said he knew the way.
 They’re rather expensive, since they’re quite hard to find.
 Since you are unable to answer, perhaps we should ask someone else.
(also informal seeing as (how)…)
 Seeing that he's been off sick all week he's unlikely to come.
 We may as well go to the concert, seeing as we've already paid for the tickets.
FORMAL OR LITERARY WRITTEN ENGLISH
(formal or literary written English)
 We listened eagerly, for he brought news of our families.
 I cannot tell whether she is old or young, for I have never seen her.
(formal)
 I’ve been lucky in that I have never had to worry about money.
 The book is good, in that it's well written, but I didn't actually enjoy reading it.
(formal or literary written English)
 She is guilty, inasmuch as she knew what the others were planning.
 We should not use that source, inasmuch as it is badly out-of-date.
 The flight was delayed because of bad weather.
 Because of the Asian crisis, the company’s profits fell by 15% during 1997
 The bus was delayed due to heavy snow. / A lot of her unhappiness is due to boredom.
 She was unable to run owing to a leg injury.
 The concert has been cancelled owing to lack of interest.
+ noun phrase (informal)
 With so many people ill, the meeting was cancelled.
 I couldn’t sleep with the noise of the traffic.
 I'm feeling all the better for my holiday. / He was sick for lack of food.

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GIVING REASONS.pdf

  • 1. GIVING REASONS is more common than as and since, both in writing and speaking.  We didn’t enjoy the day because the weather was so awful.  Because breathing is something we do automatically, we rarely think about it. are more formal than because.  As it was getting late, I turned around to start for home.  We chose John to lead us as he said he knew the way.  They’re rather expensive, since they’re quite hard to find.  Since you are unable to answer, perhaps we should ask someone else. (also informal seeing as (how)…)  Seeing that he's been off sick all week he's unlikely to come.  We may as well go to the concert, seeing as we've already paid for the tickets. FORMAL OR LITERARY WRITTEN ENGLISH (formal or literary written English)  We listened eagerly, for he brought news of our families.  I cannot tell whether she is old or young, for I have never seen her. (formal)  I’ve been lucky in that I have never had to worry about money.  The book is good, in that it's well written, but I didn't actually enjoy reading it. (formal or literary written English)  She is guilty, inasmuch as she knew what the others were planning.  We should not use that source, inasmuch as it is badly out-of-date.  The flight was delayed because of bad weather.  Because of the Asian crisis, the company’s profits fell by 15% during 1997  The bus was delayed due to heavy snow. / A lot of her unhappiness is due to boredom.  She was unable to run owing to a leg injury.  The concert has been cancelled owing to lack of interest. + noun phrase (informal)  With so many people ill, the meeting was cancelled.  I couldn’t sleep with the noise of the traffic.  I'm feeling all the better for my holiday. / He was sick for lack of food.