2. Anything that can strengthens or increases
the occurrence of a desired behavior such as treat, token
reward, money, praise, promotion, etc.
Two Types of Reinforcer:
Positive Reinforcer and Negative Reinforcer
3. Adding something to increase the response; like
giving a candy to a child after she ate her meal, the
likelihood of her eating her meal next time increases
in order to get a candy.
4. Removing something to increase the response to a
desired behavior. One example is that a door makes a
squeaky sound every time you open it. So you apply
lubricants at the hinge to get rid of the noise.
5. Anything that can weakens or decreases the probability
that the behavior will occur again in the future such as
spanking, giving time out, taking away toys, etc.
Two types of Punishment: Positive
and Negative Punishment
6. Anything that decreases the occurrence of a behavior
as a result of adding something unpleasant after the
behavior. One example is giving a child a time out for
misbehaving in front of guests.
Adding Something unpleasant :
“Time out” decreases of the
probability that the child will
misbehave again the next time
the parent have guests.
7. Anything that decreases the occurrence of
a behavior as a result of a removal of something
unpleasant after the behavior. An example of this
approach is when a child was told by her parents to
tidy up her room before she can watch her favorite
show. The child was too occupied playing video games
that she forgot about it. So as a result, she lost her
privilege to watch tv.
