This PPT mainly focused on the Focus group discussion and Key Information interview slides which helps student, researcher or development practioner to help to build the slides in this way

1. 1
Training of the
Primary and
Secondary School
Teachers

2. Qualitative Data Collection Tools
2
Primary Data Collection Methodology
Direct
Observatio
n
Key
Informant
Interviews
[optional]
Focus
Group
Discussion
s
 Questionnaire
 Guidance note
 Questionnaire
 Guidance note
 Checklist
+ Code of Conduct
+ ODK – Open Data Kit
+ Reporting Template (being
finalized)

3. 3
Focus Group
Discussions

4. What is Focus Group Discussion
4
A method in which one or two
researchers and several participants
meet as a group to discuss a given
research topic
One researcher (the moderator) leads the
discussion by asking participants to respond to
open-ended questions, a second (the note-
taker) records the general themes participants
discuss
A focus group ideally will have 6-10
participants, typically 1-hour in duration

5. FGD Questionnaire
5
Structure
• Informed consent
• Site information (settlement type, location, and population groups)
• 10 questions: Community concerns, Perceived risks, Humanitarian assistance, Access
and availability of services and goods, Coping strategies, AAP
• General feedback / comments
Data collection
• One questionnaire should
be completed per FGD
• Questionnaires should be
completed on ODK – Open
Data Kit after the FGD

6. FGD Guidance Note
6
Focus Group Discussion (FGD) organization
• A FGD ideally consists of between 8 – 12 people.
• Organize separate male and female FGDs to obtain better quality
information.
• FGD participants can be selected ad hoc on site while taking diversity
factors such as age, disability, responsibility, religion, and ethnicity, into
account.
• Children should never be included in FGDs (a child is anyone under the
age of 18).
• Do not include leaders or other authority figures in the focus group
discussions. (If required / possible, some assessment team members can
interview them as key informants separately and in parallel to the focus
group discussions).
• Ideally, a FGD lasts anywhere from 45 to 90 minutes.
• The group should meet in a place where they can carry out the discussion
comfortably and privately (and in line with COVID-19 prevention
measures).

7. 7

8. Jupiter
Jupiter is a gas giant and
the biggest planet in the
Solar System
Venus
Mars
Mercury
Mercury is the closest
planet from the Sun and
the smallest one
Venus has a beautiful
name and is the second
planet from the Sun
Despite being red, Mars is
actually a cold place full of
iron oxide dust
Market Research Infographics

9. FGD Guidance Note
9
Role of the facilitator
• At least two assessment team members required per FGD (one facilitator;
one note-taker).
• Ensure facilitators and note-takers are of appropriate gender and age, so
ideally male groups are facilitated by men and female groups by women.
• Facilitators should have appropriate language skills and cultural knowledge
to communicate with the community.
• Facilitators should establish ground rules (e.g. everyone has the right to
speak, speakers should not be interrupted etc.)
• Facilitators should ensure everyone understands the purpose of the
discussion and get permission from participants to take notes.
• Facilitators should manage the group discussions (e.g. gauging agreement,
balancing personalities, address potentially difficult or sensitive questions).
• Facilitators should aim to gather various ideas / opinions from as many
people as possible during the FGD.
• Facilitators should try and draw conclusions based on FGD responses.
Where there are varied responses, these should be recorded.

10. FGD Guidance Note
10
FGD guidance – opening the session
• Introduce yourself, team members, and purpose of FGD.
• Clarify how much time FGD is expected to take.
• Explain to participants that they’ve been invited to share their opinions and
that you will guide the discussion by asking the group to reflect on specific
open-ended questions.
• Read out the ‘Informed Consent’ statement from the FGD questionnaire and
obtain consent before proceeding (if any participants do not consent, they
should leave the FGD at this point).
• Highlight confidentiality and that participation is voluntary.
• Explain ground rules for the FGD (e.g. everyone has the right to speak, do
not interrupt others, respect other’s opinions etc).
• Allow time for questions and ask participants to introduce themselves.

11. FGD Guidance Note
11
FGD guidance
Do Don’t
Highlight confidentiality Create expectations about future humanitarian support
Pay attention to non-verbal signals Allow one or two people to dominate or to use the FGD for their
own agenda
Ask one question at a time Take sides or challenge what is being said
Speak clearly and slowly and repeat the questions if required Favour one participant over another
Obtain information on how different at-risk groups are affected Share your own opinions (verbally or non-verbally)
Probe when a response is unclear Use jargon or technical terms.
Repeat the answer of the participant as you understand it and
ask them to confirm.
End the FGD too abruptly. Give FGD participants the
opportunity to ask questions or share their thoughts on issues
that have not yet been discussed.
Balance participation
Respect local customs, norms, beliefs, and sensitivities,
especially in relation to gender
Avoid pre-conceived notions and fixed expectations
Do no harm

12. FGD Guidance Note
12
Data collection
• Questionnaires should be completed on ODK – Open Data Kit .
• Separate questionnaires should be used for each FGD and the assigned
note taker should enter the collected data immediately after the FGD.
• A hard copy of the questionnaire will be completed if ODK – Open Data Kit/
device is not working.
Do no harm
• The ‘Do no harm’ principle implies that in all circumstances and at all times,
humanitarians should not jeopardize the life, physical and psychological
safety, freedom and well-being of all those with whom we enter into contact
to avoid causing harm.
• There is a responsibility to balance the need to gather information and the
potential risk of harm to those who may be in a position to provide such
information.
Key definitions

13. FGD Guidance Note
13
FGD guidance – closing the session
• End the discussion by summarizing the main points. If there is time, invite
participants to reflect on the main ideas, and ask if they have any additional
thoughts to share.
• Thank the group for participating and let them know how the discussion
results will be used.
• Collect and save all notes from the discussion.

14. 14
Reporting

15. 15
Transcriptio
n
Practice
Session
Evaluation

16. 16
Questions and Answers
Thank you!