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1. ‫ػ‬
‫صظتػأودػتدطغظػعذاػاإلغطغلػصغغغظػاضحغاظػرضىػبطارغظػاضالبتوبػوػاضجوال‬‫ػ‬
‫ضصنػاآلنػاضتدطغظػعيػصغفػ‬‫ظ‬‫تطاطلػطعػبطارغاتػطنػظوع‬‫ػ‬
Lithium-ion‫ػ‬
‫ّارغاتػاضتيػتدتخدمػسيػاضالبتوبػوػاضطوباغل‬‫ط‬‫وػعيػاضب‬‫ػ‬
‫ػ‬
‫إضغصمػ‬:‫طجطورظػطنػاضتضطغحات‬‫ػ‬
‫ػ‬
‫اضبطارغظػعيػطظتجػغبدأػباضتضفػطنػضحظظػخروجهػطن‬‫ػ‬.‫اضطصظعػ‬‫ػ‬
____________________________1____________________________‫ػ‬
‫رددػدوراتػاضذحنػاضتػرغبغظػضبطارغاتػطنػظوع‬‫ػ‬
Lithium-ion‫ػ‬
‫عوػ‬1111‫ػ‬‫دورةػسيػحواضيػطنػ‬‫ثالث‬‫ػ‬‫إضىػ‬‫أربع‬‫ػ‬‫دظوات‬‫ػ‬‫غطظيػاضبطارغظػدتتضفػدتتضف‬‫ػ‬‫حتىػوػ‬
‫إنػضمػتدتخدطؼاػضذاػظغضلػاالدتغادةػطنػاضبطارغظػحتىػالػظتضغؼاػوػظحنػحزغظونػرضغؼاػ‬
‫وػظػولػ‬‫ضغتظاػرطضظاػرغؼاػوػادتؼضصظاعاػضػدػحرطظاػأظغدظاػطتطظػصبغرةػضظحاسظػرضغؼاػ‬
..‫سرطغظاعاػجدغدةػ‬‫ػ‬
‫أطاػاضطوباغلػسطددػدوراتػاضذحنػاضتػرغبغظػعيػحواضيػ‬511ً‫ا‬‫دورةػتػرغب‬.‫ػ‬
____________________________2____________________________‫ػ‬
‫ػ‬
‫اضبطارغظػدوفػتدتؼضكػحتىػوػإنػضمػتدتططضؼا‬‫ػ‬‫سادتططضؼا‬.‫ػ‬
____________________________3____________________________‫ػ‬
‫ػ‬
‫أسرزؼاػثمػأردػذحظؼاػرضىػاألشلػصلػذؼر‬‫ػ‬‫طرة‬.‫ػ‬
____________________________4____________________________‫ػ‬
‫ػ‬
‫إذاػأردتػتخزغنػاضبطارغظػأيػأنػتترصؼاػسيػطصانػطاػضطدةػطوغظػ‬‫احرصػأنػغصونػ‬
‫اضتخزغنػسيػطصانػجافػوػدرجظػحرارةػ‬‫طظادبظػ‬‫وػ‬‫اضبطارغظػسغؼا‬‫ػ‬41%‫ػ‬‫ذحنػعذاػ‬‫األدضوب‬‫ػ‬

2. ‫غتبطهػأصثرػ‬‫طصظطو‬‫ػ‬‫اضبطارغاتػ‬‫سي‬‫ػ‬‫اضطاضمػحغثػظالحظػأنػبطارغظػاضالبتوب‬‫ػ‬‫غأتيػططؼاػ‬
‫أربطونػ‬‫باضطائ‬‫ظ‬‫ػ‬‫ذحن‬‫ػ‬.‫ػ‬
‫ًػ‬‫ا‬‫ًػأوػسارزظػصضغ‬‫ا‬‫اظتبهػالػتخزظؼاػوعيػططتضئظػصضغ‬:‫حدبػاضجدولػاضتاضيػ‬‫ػ‬
‫ػ‬
‫اضحرارة‬‫ػ‬
‫اضطتبػيػطنػ‬‫دطظػاضبطارغظػظوع‬‫ػ‬
Lithium-ion‫ػ‬
‫بطدػدظظػطنػاضتخزغن‬‫ػ‬
‫رظدػتخزغظؼاػبطدػذحظؼا‬‫ػ‬
100 %
‫اضطتبػيػطنػ‬‫دطظػاضبطارغظػظوع‬‫ػ‬
Lithium-ion‫ػ‬
‫بطدػدظظػطنػاضتخزغن‬‫ػ‬
‫رظدػتخزغظؼاػبطدػذحظؼا‬
40 %‫ػ‬
0 C94%98%‫ػ‬
25 C80%‫ػ‬96%‫ػ‬
40 C65%‫ػ‬85%‫ػ‬
60 C60%‫ػ‬75%‫ػ‬
____________________________5____________________________‫ػ‬
‫إ‬‫نػبطارغظ‬Lithium-ion‫ال‬‫تحتاجػاضىػ‬8‫ػ‬‫داراتػذحنػشبلػادتخداطؼاػ‬‫ألول‬‫ػ‬‫طرةػ‬
‫وذحظؼاػ‬‫أول‬‫ػ‬‫طرةػالػغختضفػرنػذحظؼا‬‫حتىػبطدػسترةػطوغضظػطنػاالدتخدامػ‬‫تضكػاضطرغػظػ‬
‫أيػال‬8‫ػ‬...‫داراتػرظدػاضطرةػاألوضىػضظوعػآخرػطنػاضبطارغاتػ‬‫أطاػبطارغاتػ‬Lithium-ion‫ػ‬
‫سإنػذحظؼاػرظدػاضطرةػاألوضىػغتمػبأنػتذحظؼاػحتىػتططغكػإذارةػأظؼاػ‬‫ططتضئظ‬‫ػ‬.‫ػ‬
____________________________6____________________________‫ػ‬
‫ػ‬
‫إن‬‫ػ‬‫ذحنػاضبطارغظػبذصلػتامػوػتغرغعؼاػبذصلػتامػجغدػسؼوػغداردػرضىػإرادةػ‬
‫إظطاشػاضدارةػاضذصغظػسيػاضبطارغظ‬‫ػ‬.‫ػ‬
____________________________7____________________________‫ػ‬
‫ػ‬
‫ًػغطصظصمػ‬‫ا‬‫أخغر‬‫اإلطالع‬‫ػ‬‫رضىػاضجداولػاضتاضغظػضطزغدػطنػاضططضوطاتػرن‬:‫ػ‬
‫ػ‬‫بطارغاتػاضالبتوبػ‬‫ػ‬
‫ػ‬‫اضبطارغاتػاض‬‫طدتططضظػسيػ‬‫اضدغارا‬‫ت‬‫ػ‬‫ػ‬
‫ػ‬‫وػ‬‫تضكػاضطدتخدطظػسيػوحداتػردمػاظػطاعػاضتغارػاضصؼربائي‬‫ػ‬...‫ػ‬
‫ػ‬
- Nickel-cadmium
(NiCd)
Nickel-metal-
hydride (NiMH)
Lithium-ion
(Li-ion)
Lead-acid
(Sealed or
flooded)

3. Used in Two-way radios,
power tools,
medical.
Similar
application as
NiCd; higher
density.
Cell phones,
laptops, video
cameras.
Motorcycles, cars,
wheelchairs, UPS.
Charging Do run the
battery fully
down once per
month; try to
use up all
energy before
charging.
Do not leave
battery in
charger for
more than 2
days because of
memory.
Avoid getting
battery too hot
during charge.
Charge
methods:
Constant
current,
followed by
trickle charge
when full. Fast-
charge preferred
over slow
charge.
Slow charge =
16h
Rapid charge =
3h
Fast charge =
1h+
Do run the
battery fully down
once every 3
months. Over-
cycling is not
advised.
Do not leave
battery in charger
for more than 2
days because of
memory.
Avoid getting
battery too hot
during charge.
Charge methods:
Constant current,
followed by trickle
charge when full.
Slow charge not
recommended.
Battery will get
warm towards full
charge.
Rapid charge =
3h
Fast charge =
1h+
Do charge the
battery often. The
battery lasts longer
with partial rather
than full
discharges.
Do not use if pack
gets hot during
charge. Check also
charger.
Charge methods:
Constant voltage to
4.20V/cell
(typical). No
trickle-charge
when full. Li-ion
may remain in the
charger (no
memory). Battery
must remain cool.
No fast-charge
possible.
Rapid charge = 3h
Do charge the
battery
immediately after
use. Lead-acid
must always be
kept in a charged
condition. The
battery lasts
longer with partial
rather than full
discharges. Over-
cycling is not
advised.
Charge methods:
Constant voltage
to 2.40/cell
(typical), followed
by float held at
2.25V/cell.
Battery must
remain cool. Fast
charge not
possible; can
remain on float
charge.
Slow charge =
14h
Rapid charge =
10h
Discharging Full cycle does
not harm NiCd.
NiCd is one of
the most hardy
and durable
chemistries.
Avoid too many
full cycles
because of wear.
Use 80% depth-
of-discharge.
NiMH has higher
energy density
than NiCd at the
expense of
shorter cycle life.
Avoid full cycle
because of wear.
80% depth-of-
discharge
recommended. Re-
charge more often.
Avoid full
discharge. Low
voltage may cut off
safety circuit
Avoid full cycle
because of wear.
Use 80% depth-
of-discharge.
Recharge more
often or use
larger battery.
Low energy
density limits
lead-acid to
wheeled
applications
Service
needs
Discharge to
1V/cell every 1
to 2 months to
prevent
memory.
Do not
discharge before
each charge.
Discharge to
1V/cell every 3
months to
prevent memory.
Do not discharge
before each
charge
No maintenance
needed. Loses
capacity due to
aging whether
used or not.
Apply topping
charge every 6
months.
Occasional
discharge/ charge
may improve
performance.
Storage Best to store at Store at 40% Store at 40% Store always at a

4. 40% charge in a
cool place. Open
terminal voltage
cannot
determine state-
of-charge. 5
years and longer
storage
possible. Prime
battery if stored
longer than 6
months.
charge in a cool
place. Open
terminal voltage
cannot determine
state-of-charge.
Prime battery if
stored longer
than 6 months.
charge in a cool
place (40% state-
of-charge reads
3.75-3.80V/cell at
open terminal.
Do not store at full
charge and at
warm
temperatures
because of
accelerated aging.
full state-of-
charge. Do not
store below
2.10V/cell; apply
topping charge
very 6 months.
Disposal Do not dispose;
contains toxic
metals; must be
recycled.
Should be
recycled. Low
volume household
NiMH may be
disposed.
Should be recycled.
Low volume
household Li-ion
may be disposed
Do not dispose;
must be recycled.
‫ػ‬
‫ػ‬
‫ػ‬
‫ػ‬
x
Nickel-based (NiCd
and NiMH)
Lithium-ion (Li-
ion)
Lead-acid (Sealed
or flooded)
How should I prepare
my new battery?
Nickel-based batteries
come partially
charged. Prime new
battery by putting on
a 14-16h charge.
Li-ion comes
partially charged.
You can use the
battery right away
and charge it when
needed.
Lead acid comes fully
charged. For best
result, apply a
topping charge to
assure full charge.
Can I damage my
battery if incorrectly
prepared?
No; without priming,
the performance will
be low at first, then
gradually improve
with use.
No; Li-ion is
forgiving to partial
and full charge. No
priming is needed
when new.
Lead acid needs a
fully saturated
charge to keep good
performance. A
charge can take over
10h.
How do I prepare a
battery with charge
indication?
Fully charge and
discharge battery.
Repeat when readings
get inaccurate.
Fully charge and
discharge battery.
Repeat when
readings get
inaccurate.
Larger lead acid use
different charge
indicator to nickel &
lithium-based
chemistries.
Should I use up all
battery energy before
charging?
Yes, fully discharge
once every 1-3
months to prevent
memory. It is not
necessary to deplete
the battery before
each charge. Over
cycling wears down
NiMH.
No, it is better to
recharge more
often; avoid
frequent full
discharges.
Yes, on batteries
with a fuel gauge,
allow a full
discharge once a
month to enable
reset
No, it is better to
recharge more often;
avoid frequent full
discharges. Deep
cycles wear down the
battery. Use a larger
battery if full cycles
are required.
Should I charge my
battery partially or
fully?
Allow full charge
without interruptions.
Repeated partial
charge can cause heat
buildup. (Many
Does not matter.
Charging in stages
is acceptable. Full
charge termination
occurs by reading
Does not matter.
Charging in stages is
acceptable. Full
charge termination
occurs by reading

5. chargers terminate
charge by heat. A
fully charged battery
will re-heat, causing
overcharge.)
the voltage level
and charge current.
Charging a full
battery is safe and
does not cause
harm.
the voltage level and
charge current.
Charging a full
battery is safe and
does not cause
harm.
- Should I remove the
battery from the
charger when full?
- Should I remove the
AC when my laptop is
not in use?
Yes, it is best to
remove the pack from
the charger when full.
A prolonged trickle
charge to a fully
charged battery can
be harmful. (Laptops
use Lithium-ion)
It does not matter.
The charger
automatically cuts
the charge current
when the battery is
full. A laptop may
be connected to the
AC when not in use.
A float charge of
about 2.27V/cell is
advisable. Do not
allow the open cell
voltage to drop
below 2.10V/cell
while in storage.(Not
used for laptops)
Should the battery be
kept charged when
not in use?
Not critical.
Manufacturers
recommend a 40%
charge for long
storage. (Open
terminal voltage
cannot determine
state-of-charge.)
Store in a cool place.
Battery can be fully
depleted and
recharged. Priming
may be needed.
Best to store at
40% charge or
3.75-3.80V/cell
open terminal. Cool
storage is more
important than
state-of-charge. Do
not fully deplete
battery because Li-
ion may turn off its
protection circuit.
IMPORTANT: always
keep battery fully
charged. A
discharged battery
causes sulfation
(insulating layer in
the cell). This
condition is often
irreversible.
Will the battery heat
up during charge?
Yes, towards full
charge. The battery
must cool down when
ready. Discontinue
using a charger that
keeps the battery
warm on standby.
No, little heating is
generated during
charge. A large
laptop battery may
get lukewarm. Do
not allow the
battery to heat
during charge.
No, the battery
should remain cool
or lukewarm to the
touch. The battery
must remain cold on
maintenance charge.
What are the
allowable charging
temperatures?
Important: Rechargeable batteries can be used under a wide
temperature range.
This does not automatically permit charging at these extreme
conditions.
The maximum allowable charge temperatures are shown below:
Slow charge (0.1)
Fast charge (0.5-1C)
0°C - 45°C (32°F -
113°F)
5°C - 45°C (41°F -
113°F)
Charging a hot
battery decreases the
charge time. The
battery may not fully
charge.
0°C - 45°C (32°F -
113°F) 5C° - 45°C
(41°F - 113°F)
Temperature sensor
may prevent charge
or cut off the charge
prematurely.
0°C - 45°C (32°F -
113°F)
5C° - 45°C (41°F -
113°F)
Warm temperature
lowers the battery
voltage. Serious
overcharge occurs if
the cut-off voltage is
not reached.
What should I know
about chargers?
Best results are
achieved with a fast-
charger that
terminates the charge
by other than
temperature alone.
Fastest full-charge
time: Slightly over 1
hour.
Charger should
apply full charge.
Avoid economy
chargers that
advertise one-hours
charge. Fastest full-
charge time: 2-3
hours.
Multi-level charges
shorten charge time.
Charge must be fully
saturated. Failing to
do so will gradually
decrease the
capacity. Fastest full-
charge time: 8-14
hours.

6. ‫ػ‬
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