Introduction to Selenium Web Driver
Kokhanjuk Maria Test Lead
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Agenda
•What is Selenium 2.0
•Architecture of Selenium 2.0
•Selenium 2.0 API:
• Finding elements
• Basic operations on elements
• Moving between windows and frames
• Explicit and Implicit Waits
•Creating tests using Selenium 2.0
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What is Selenium?
Selenium is a set of tools for cross-platform automated testing
of web applications.
Selenium supports:
• IE, Firefox, Safari, Opera and other browsers
• Windows, OS X, Linux, Solaris and other OS’s
• C#, Java, Perl, PHP, Python, Ruby and other languages
• Bromine, JUnit, NUnit, RSpec, TestNG, unittest
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Components of Selenium
• Selenium IDE
• Selenium Remote Control (RC)
• Selenium Grid
• Selenium 2.0 and WebDriver
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What is Selenium 2.0 ?
Selenium 1.0 Webdriver
IDE
Selenium RC
merge
Selenium Grid
Selenium
Webdriver 2.0
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Selenium 1.0 Architecture
Autotests HTTP
(Java, PHP, Phyton, Selenium RC
Ruby, C#, …)
Browsers
Web-application
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Selenium 2.0 Architecture
Autotests Driver Browsers
Web-application
API
to control the
browser
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Advantages of Selenium 2.0
• The development and connection of new drivers,
adapted to the specific test environment
• A more "advanced" API for writing tests
• Events generated are the same as for manual testing
• Work with invisible elements is not available
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Disadvantages of Selenium 2.0
• Need to create own webdriver for each test
environment
• Only 4 programming languages are supported
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WebDriver’s Drivers
WebDriver
•HtmlUnit Driver
•Firefox Driver
•Internet Explorer Driver
•Chrome Driver
•Opera Driver
•iPhone Driver
•Android Driver
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Selenium API
WebDriver – to control the browser
WebDriver driver = new FirefoxDriver();
WebElement – to work with the elements on the page
WebElement element =
driver.findElement(By.id(“id”));
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WebDriver API
 void get(java.lang.String url) – open page
 void quit() – close browser
 WebDriver.TargetLocator switchTo() – switching
between the popup-E, alert, windows
 WebElement findElement(By by) -– find element by
locator
 List<WebElement> findElements(By by) – find
elements by locator
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Selenium API: Find elements
 By.id("idOfObject")
 By.linkText("TextUsedInTheLink")
 By.partialLinkText("partOfThelink")
 By.tagName("theHTMLNodeType")
 By.className("cssClassOnTheElement")
 By.cssSelector("cssSelectorToTheElement")
 By.xpath("//Xpath/to/the/element")
 By.name("nameOfElement")
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Selenium API: Find elements
Tools for finding elements:
1. Firebug. Download firebug at http://getfirebug.com/
2. Firefinder for Firebug
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Selenium API: Find elements
http://www.w3.org/TR/2001/CR-css3-selectors-20011113/#selectors
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Selenium API: Basic operations on
elements
 void click()
 void submit()
 String getValue()
 void sendKeys(keysToSend)
 void clear()
 String getElementName()
 String getAttribute(java.lang.String name)
 boolean toggle()
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Selenium API: Waits
Implicit Waits
Explicit Waits
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Working with windows
 Working with browser windows
driver.getWindowHandles()
driver.switchTo().window(windowName)
 Working with frames
driver.switchTo().frame( "frameName" );
 Working with alerts
driver.switchTo().alert();
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Create tests
1. Java
http://java.com/ru/download
2. IDE
3. Library Selenium WebDriver
http://seleniumhq.org/download/
4. Firebug
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Create test
Test Case:
Selenium is in the first line of request for rambler search
Condition:
Browser is open
Steps:
1. Enter “selenium webdriver” into search request
2. Press search button
Expected result:
The first line of request must be a link to the official
Selenium website
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Create test
public class Rambler {
protected WebDriver driver;
@Before
public void setUp() throws Exception {
System.out.println("tmp");
// driver = new FirefoxDriver();
driver = new InternetExplorerDriver();
driver.get("http://www.rambler.ru/");
}
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Create test
@Test
public void RamblerSearch() throws Exception {
System.out.println(" TC: Selenium is in the first line of request for rambler search");
waitUntilDisplayed(By.cssSelector(Constants.txtRambler));
driver.findElement(By.cssSelector(Constants.txtRambler)).sendKeys("selenium webdriver");
driver.findElement(By.className("pointer")).click();
//wait first result
waitUntilDisplayed(By.cssSelector("div[class='b-left-column__wrapper']"));
assertTrue(driver.findElement(By.cssSelector("div[class='b-podmes_books b-
podmes_top_1']")).getText().contains("Selenium - Web Browser Automation"));
}
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Create test
public class Constants {
public static final String txtRambler = "input[class='r--hat-form-text-input']";
}
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Create test
@Test
public void RamblerSearch() throws Exception {
System.out.println(" TC: Selenium is in the first line of request for rambler search");
waitUntilDisplayed(By.cssSelector(Constants.txtRambler));
driver.findElement(By.cssSelector(Constants.txtRambler)).sendKeys("selenium webdriver");
driver.findElement(By.className("pointer")).click();
//wait first result
waitUntilDisplayed(By.cssSelector("div[class='b-left-column__wrapper']"));
assertTrue(driver.findElement(By.cssSelector("div[class='b-podmes_books b-
podmes_top_1']")).getText().contains("Selenium - Web Browser Automation"));
}
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Create test
public void waitUntilDisplayed(final By locator) {
( new WebDriverWait(driver, 120)).until(new ExpectedCondition<Boolean>() {
public Boolean apply(WebDriver d) {
return d.findElement(locator).isDisplayed();
}
});
}
@After
public void tearDown() throws Exception {
//close browser
driver.quit();
}
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Create test: result
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Create test: result
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Structure of the test
1. Use Set UP () and tearDown()
2. All tests should finish with assertion
3. Elements’ locators should be defined in separate
class
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Useful links
• http://seleniumhq.org/docs/
• http://software-testing.ru/library/testing/functional-
testing/1398-selenium-20
• http://automated-
testing.info/knowledgebase/avtomatizaciya-
funkcionalnogo-testirovaniya/selenium
• http://autotestgroup.com/ru/
• http://www.w3.org/TR/2001/CR-css3-selectors-
20011113/#selectors
• http://junit.org
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Questions
Questions?
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