presentation on word hearing day 3/3/2023

1. 2023 WORLD HEARING DAY
DR EUNICE RABIATU ABDULAI
HEAD OF UNIT(ORL/ENT),ICD,GHS.
HB, MBChB, FGCPS, FWAC,HAM

2. disclosures
• For education

4. outline
• THEME
• INTRODUCTION
• AIM OF WORLD HEARING DAY
• IMPORTANCE OF EHC
• DEFINITIONS
• EPIDERMIOLOGY
• TARGET GROUP
• CAUSES OF HEARING LOSS
• CLINICAL FEATURES
• TREATMENT MORDALITIES
• CONCLUSION
• TAKE HOME MESSAGE

5. Theme
•Ear and hearing care for all!
lets make it a reality

6. introduction
• Worldwide :1.5million have Hearing Loss
• 430Million disabling hearing loss
• (majority in low- and middle-income countries)
• Lack of access to required services and interventions
• Unaddressed Hearing Loss is the leading cause of morbidity

7. introduction
• Estimated rise in Hearing Loss(Industrialization, recreational noise, ↑survival
of NICU Babies, HPT, DM, Hyperlipidemia etc..)
• 60% are preventable → public health strategies
• Timely diagnoses & interventions
• collective preventive effort by health personnel and public education can
achieve the 60%

8. introduction
• World Health Assemble in 2017 recognize HL as a public health
concern and adopted a concern of resolution(WHA70.13) to prevent
deafness and HL
• RESOLUTION→WHO and member states to
• Undertake advocacy through world hearing day on 3rd March
•03/03/

9. Aim of WORLD HEARING DAY( WHD)
• Promote public health ACTIONS for Ear & Hearing Care
• Stimulate inter-sectoral partnership for Ear & Hearing Care(EHC)
• Raise awareness on hearing loss and care at a national & community
levels across the world.
• Encourage behavior change towards healthy EHC practice

10. importance of EAR & Hearing Care
• Early diagnoses & management of hearing pathologies
to prevent hearing loss

12. Consequences of unaddressed hearing loss
• Poor cognitive
• Speech problems
• Effects education
• Affects social skills
• Metal health
• Full potential of person is not met
• Unemployment
• economic burden( family, society and country)
• ↑RTA by pedestrians
• School for the deaf

13. Definitions
• Hearing loss: persons inability to hear within the normal hearing level
• Disabling hearing loss: Hearing loss > 35dB in better hearing ear

15. Epidemiology
• Worldwide :1.5million have Hearing Loss(5% of world population)
• 430 Million disabling hearing loss(majority in low- and middle-
income countries: require rehabilitation
• 80% 'Disabling' hearing loss :low- and middle-income countries)
• Age:≥ 60  25% disabling hearing loss

16. Target group
• POLICY MAKERS.(Government and GHS)
• TEACHING INSTITUSIONS(Integration of EHC Training institutions by
government
• Health care worker
• General public

17. POLICY MAKERS.(Government and GHS)
• Integrate hearing care in Teaching Institutions
• Integrate ear and hearing care in Primary Health Institutions
• Extend hearing assessment and speech therapy services to deprived areas
• Integrate newborn hearing screening into maternal and newborn health(free and compulsory
• Cochlear implant for all children with indications
• Exempt tax on hearing aids
TEACHING INSTITUSIONS(Integration of EHC in Training institutions by government)
• Doctors
• Nurses
• pharmacist

18. Health care worker
• PHYSICIANS: hypertension, DM, hyperlipidemia, SCD, autoimmune diseases,
meningitis, encephalitis
• SURGEONS: brain tumor, acoustic neuroma, base of skull fracture, lateral base of
skull tumor, nasopharyngeal tumor, chemotherapy for cancer patients
• O&G: antenatal education on hearing loss, symptoms of hearing loss ,birth asphyxia
• ONCOLOGY: chemotherapy, radiotherapy for head and neck cancers
• CHILD HEALTH: NICU babies(birth asphyxia, neonatal jaundice ,neonatal
sepsis),mumps, measles, meningitis
• GERIATRIC MEDICINE: presbycusis
• PHARMACIST: aminoglycosides, antimalarial, anti- TB, Aspirin, loop diuretics
• MENTAL HEALTH: depression

19. General public
• Currently your can walk in any health facility and have your ear
checked or ask for their recommendation to the right place

20. anatomy of the ear

21. cause
• Congenital
• Congenital malformation of EAC, middle and inner ear
• Syndromic babies
• Intrauterine infection,
• birth asphyxia
• Preterm babies
• Acquired
• Infection/inflammatory (meningitis, mumps, measles,covid-19,laser fever)
• Trauma(NIHL, assault, heard injury, birth trauma(forceps delivery))
• Tumor(benign/malignant)
• Systemic cause(HIV, Leukemia, Hpt, DM, SCD ,neonatal jaundice, etc..)
• OTHER

22. PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
• CONDUCTIVE
• SNHL
• MIXED

23. PATHOPHYSIOLOGY

24. symptoms
• Presenting complaint:
• Newborn and children(doesn't startle to noise, delayed speech, doesn’t turn
to speech, poor performance at school)
• Speaking loudly
• Tuning TV/Radio high
• Cannot hear if person is not facing you
• duration

25. History of presenting complaint
• How it started, sadden/progressive, intermittent, precipitating factors,
relieving factors, associated factors
ODQ
• EAR: otorrhea, otalgia, hearing loss, vertigo, tinnitus
• NOSE AND PARANASAL SINUSES: epistaxis, nasal blockage, anosmia
• OROPHARYNX :dysphagia, odynophagia, cough
• HEAD AND NECK: neck, swelling, facial asymmetry, visual loss, poor vision
diplopia, epiphora
• GENERAL SYMPTOMS: headache, fever, nausea, vomiting
• SYSTEMIC ENQUIRY:CNS, CVS, CHEST, abdomen, musculoskeletal,

26. HX
• Pregnancy history, Delivery, Post delivery
• Developmental history
• PMSHₓ:
• DHₓ:
• FHₓ:
• SOCIAL HISTORY

27. signs
• GENERAL: child/adult/elderly, syndromic, Well/ill looking, waisted, skin lesions,
pale/jaundice, bipedal swelling, generalized lymph adenopathy etc.
• EAR: normal, otorrhea, impacted wax, perforated TM,
• tuning fork test,
• clinical voice test
• NOSE & PARANASAL SINUSES: Normal, nasal mass
• OROPHARYNX: tumor hanging from pharynx, normal
• HEAD & NECK: cervical lymphadenopathy, cranial nerve, facial/orbital asymmetry
• NEUROLOGICAL: kerning's, Brudzinski, motor(expect more from neuro-physicians and
neurosurgeons)
• CVS: Heart sound(normal and abnormal)
• CHEST:
• ECT.

28. investigations
• HEAMATOLOGY:FBC,HB-electrophoresis, Blood film comment
• BIOCHEMISTRY: LFT, RFT, Blood gasses
• MICROBIOLOGY: Ear swab, blood C/S, Umbilical cord swab
• IMAGING; X-Ray, CT-Scan, MRI, ECG, EEG, Echocardiogram
• Audiologic assessment: new born screening, tympanogram, buttress
of test for children, audiogram:
• RESULTS
• CONDUCTIVE HL
• SNHL
• MIXED HL

29. Treatment
• Medical
• IV fluid, antibiotic, steroids, decongestant, statins, anti hypertensives, avoid ototoxic
drugs ect.
• Surgical:
• ENT Surgeries, neurosurgeries, cochlear implant
• Rehabilitation:
• Hearing aids
• Sign language
• Speech therapy
• Combined therapy:
• medical plus surgical plus rehabilitation

30. EFFECTIVE STRATEGIES TO DECREASE
HEARING LOSS
• Immunizations
• Good MATERNAL & CHILD care practice
• Genetic counseling
• Identification and management of common ear conditions
• Avoid NIHL
• Avoid head phones
• Avoid ototoxic drugs

31. conclusion
• Ear and Hearing care issues involves everyone at primary health care
level

32. Take home message
• Ear and hearing care is a collaborative afford between all heath
workers and the stakeholders.

33. • We need policy makers to help integrate deaf children into normal
population through rehabilitation, cochlea implant and decrease
school for the deaf enrolment or a thing of the past history
• 60%percent of hearing loss can be managed at the primary heath
level if we integrate ear and hearing care into primary health care
• With good history and clinical examination, primary Health workers
can solve 60% of hearing pathologies.

34. • Funding and partnership :
• we need ENT equipment and prosthesis, infrastructure, ENT scholarships and
financial support for some ENT Surgeries and cancers
• ENT equipment and prosthesis,(surgical ,audiology, speech and swallowing,
prosthesis(speech) ),
• infrastructure(ENT CENTRES)
• ENT scholarships (Doctors, nurses, audiologist and speech therapist)and
• financial support for some ENT Surgeries and cancers(head and neck cancers)
• (government, general public and philanthropies)
• general public is encouraged to go to hospitals for treatment

35. Ref;
• WHO world hearing day guide
• google images

36. Q&A